HomeMy WebLinkAboutPSD-106-04
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Cl~hJgron
REPORT
PLANNING SERVICES
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Meeting:
GENERAL PURPOSE AND ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE
Date:
Tuesday, September 7,2004
Report #:
PSD-106-04
File #: PLN 1.1.11
f(e~~G.Pf1-3:53-6<f
By-law #:
Subject:
PLANNING REFORM INITIATIVES: DISCUSSION PAPER ON OMB REFORM
RECOMMENDATIONS:
It is respectfully recommended that the General Purpose and Administration Committee
recommend to Council the following:
1. THAT Report PSD-106-04 be received and endorsed as the Municipality's comments
on the Consultation Discussion Paper #3 on Ontario Municipal Board Reform.
2. THAT Report PSD-106-04 be forwarded to the Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing
and the Region of Durham Planning Department.
Reviewed b~. . -1:.- {(('/~
~~Pianklin Wu,
-i l' Chief Administrative Officer
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DJC/df
27 August 2004
6 9 90 0 9 CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON
40 TEMPERANCE STREET, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO L 1C 3A6 T (905)623-3379 F (905)623-0830
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REPORT NO.: PSD-10a-Q4
PAGE 2
1.0 BACKGROUND
1.1 In June, 2004 the province released 3 consultation discussion papers dealing with
planning reform. They include Planning Act Reform and Implementation Tools;
Provincial Policy Statement; and Ontario Municipal Board (OMB) Reform. This report
deals with the third discussion paper on OMB Reform.
1.2 The release of the three Planning Reform Consultation Discussion Papers on the land
use planning system is supported by other initiatives announced as part of the
Province's strong communities agenda. This includes the Strong Communities Act (Bill
26) and the Greenbelt Protection Act (Bill 27). In addition, the Ministry of Public
Infrastructure Renewal issued Places to Grow: A Growth Plan for the Greater Golden
Horseshoe in the Summer of 2004 that provides a long-term vision for growth. Staff will
be reporting on the Places to Grow discussion paper in the near future.
1.3 The major issues that the three Planning Reform discussion papers attempt to address
are growth and growth management, especially in the GTAlGolden Horseshoe Area,
and what the roles of local and provincial decision-makers should be. The three
discussion papers bring together all the reforms proposed by the government for land-
use planning; as such, they cannot be read in isolation from the other discussion papers
and proposed legislation.
1.4 The Province has noted that it has heard a variety of concerns with respect to the OMB.
The main concems are that the OMB substitutes its opinions for those of elected
municipal councils, is inaccessible to the public and requires municipalities to devote
scarce resources to defending decisions that have already been dealt with through the
planning process. There is the perception that ordinary citizens are not dealt with fairly
or given the same attention as the interests of developers. Reforms to the OMB cannot
be made without considering their impact on the land-use planning system.
1.5 In preparing our comments, staff has attended the stakeholder sessions hosted by the
Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing and other information meetings. Staff has
provided comments to the Region for their report (attached to PSD-1 05-04).
1.6 Comments were to be submitted by August 31, 2004. A copy of this report was
submitted to the Province indicating that Council would be considering the report on
September 13, 2004.
2.0 COMMENTS
2.1 Support for the Reaion of Durham's Recommendations on the OMB
The Municipality of Clarington supports the Region of Durham's recommendations
respecting Ontario Municipal Board ("OMB") reform. This section of the report will not
repeat what has been stated either by the Region in its report to the Province or by the
GTA Task Force on OMB Reform to which the Region has referred. The comments and
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REPORT NO.: PSD-10a-Q4
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recommendations of the Municipality of Clarington set out below are intended to
reinforce the Region's recommendations and not to detract from them.
2.2 Appeals to OMB should not be heard de novo except where it finds an
unreasonable decision has been made by applying a specific test through the y!!
of the recommended "leave to appeal" mechanism.
Under the current Planning Act, the OMB conducts hearings de novo (literally, to start
anew) of matters appealed or referred to it. Very often reports and other evidence will
be prepared by an appellant after Council has made a decision and after an appeal to
the OMB has been filed by him. The appellant will then present these reports and other
evidence to the OMB. In fact, the experts who prepare these reports for presentation to
the OMB not infrequently will have been retained by the appellant after the appeal of
Council's decision has been filed. They will have had no contact with the Municipality
before Council makes it decision.
Council will not have had the opportunity of considering such reports and other
evidence before it makes a decision on the planning matter in question. The result is
that in cases where this has occurred, the OMB will make a decision on local planning
policy that reflects the planning values of the panel of the Board conducting the hearing
and the evidence presented to the Board without having the benefit of considering a
prior decision of Council that is fully informed on all of the issues and experts' evidence.
This produces two unfortunate consequences. First, it fuels criticism of OMB decisions
that reverse or amend decisions made by an elected and accountable Council
respecting local planning issues and values. Such decisions tend to denigrate the
importance of Council decisions to the public and to the development industry. Second,
it encourages developers with sufficient resources to save their best evidence for
presentation in the first instance to the OMB rather than to the elected Council in order
to gain an adversarial advantage.
In order to address this problem, amending legislation is required along the lines
recommended by the Region and the GTA Task Force on OMB Reform. In all cases,
appeals to the OMB would require permission or leave of the Board which would apply
the following test in deciding whether a leave to appeal should be granted:
"That no reasonable Council, applying sound principles and acting in good
faith, could have made the same decision or have failed to make a decision."
The passing of amending legislation would underline the Province's support of
municipal govemment as the crucial decision-maker in identifying and implementing
local planning values.
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2.3 Reverse imDact of Clerav Prooerties decision of OMB bv Dassina leaislation.
There is a further problem that has arisen as a result of conflicting OMB decisions
interpreting a panel of the Board's decision in the case of Clerav Properties Ltd. v. 9!Y
of Mississauaa (1996), 34 O.M.B.R. 277 (OMB); appeal dismissed in Clerav Properties
Ltd. v. Mississauaa (City), Court File No. 3/97 released on September 29,1997.
In one group of decisions, certain panels of the Board have decided that an appellant
has an "inviolable right" in law to have its appeal determined exclusively on the basis of
the Official Plan and Zoning in effect at the date of the appellant's application to the
Municipality under the Planning Act. Subsequent studies conducted by the Municipality
may have identified serious public interest issues. The Municipality may have
addressed these issues through Official Plan and Zoning amendments. Evidence of the
studies and the amendments are excluded by these panels of the Board from the
evidence that is admitted in the hearing of the appeals. The result is that the public
interest issues identified subsequent to the date of the application to the Municipality will
be entirely disregarded by the panel of the OMB who decide the appeal. This action is
inconsistent with the principles on which the Planning Act is based. It is also
inconsistent with the Board's function as a policy maker as well as an adjudicative
agency.
There is a second group of decisions which conflict with the first. In the second group,
other panels of the OMB have decided that evidence of the investigation by the
Municipality concerned of a public interest issue and the subsequent approval by
Council of Official Plan and Zoning amendments to address the issue, if relevant, will be
admitted in evidence in the hearing of the appeal, unless evidence directly conflicts with
the appellant's development proposal expressed in his application to the Municipality.
This qualification may preclude the admission of the public interest evidence in
question.
Under the current legislation, there appears to be no available means by which the
OMB itself can reconcile these two groups of conflicting decisions. This is an important
matter that should be resolved by legislation in the public interest.
The Municipality of Clarington recommends that the Planning Act should be amended to
make it clear that in hearing an appeal the OMB must admit all relevant evidence that is
available at the date of the hearing whether or not it is inconsistent with the Official Plan
and Zoning in force at the date on which the appellant filed a "complete application" with
the Municipality under the Planning Act. This amendment should make it impossible for
a panel of the Board in a future case to disregard the first group of decisions and the so-
called "inviolable right" of the appellant referred to above and the qualification imposed
by the second group of decisions discussed above. It would also enable the OMB in
appropriate cases to admit and to rely on evidence respecting the public interest
developed after the appellant's application was made to the Municipality whether or not
such public interest evidence conflicts with the appellant's development proposal set out
in his application to the Municipality. This is a necessary amendment to ensure that
relevant evidence of the public interest is not excluded from the hearing of an appeal by
the Board. 699012
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REPORT NO.: PSD-106-04
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2.4 Public confidence in the OMB as appellate tribunal must be ensured.
The Municipality of Clarington supports the recommendation that the OMB should be an
appellate tribunal that is independent of the parties to the appeal and reviews prior
decisions of Council, provided that Council has the opportunity to consider all of the
issues and reports presented as evidence in the OMB hearing whenever they were
prepared. The Municipality agrees that it is of critical importance that the general public,
municipal representatives, the development industry and interested professionals
perceive the Board to be an independent and fair expert tribunal. This consideration
raises the following issues.
(a) Appointment and reappointment procedures for members should be
improved.
In order to attract and to retain members of the Board of relevant experience and
high ability, the Municipality recommends that the Province make the changes
set out below to present practices and policies.
Currently, OMB members are appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council
by Order in Council for terms of 3 years. The short term of appointments is
counter-productive to the promotion of independent decision making. Essentially,
the appointments are in the discretion of the Provincial cabinet which does not
publish its selection criteria. Similarly, the criteria employed by the Provincial
Cabinet in determining whether a person should be reappointed for a further term
of 3 years on the expiry of his or her current term are not published.
Reappointments are in the discretion of the Cabinet.
The OMB is a Provincial agency mandated to elaborate and implement Provincial
policy after conducting a judicial style of hearing under Provincial legislation
including the Planning Act. It is appropriate that the Government of Ontario which
is accountable to the public continue to retain discretionary authority to appoint
OMB members. An advisory committee as recommended by the GTA Task
Force on OMB Reform to screen the qualifications of candidates and to make
appropriate, confidential recommendations to the provincial Cabinet could be
useful to review and comment to Cabinet on initial appointments to the OMB.
However, since the recommended advisory committee would comprise
"stakeholders", the committee should not be involved in performance reviews of
members of the board or in making recommendations as to whether particular
members should or should not be reappointed, To do otherwise, would carry the
serious risk of public perception developing that the independence of Board
members in performing their responsibilities could be undermined by
stakeholders. This should be avoided.
The Municipality of Clarington believes that OMB members should be appointed
for six year terms after the completion of the probationary period. To ensure that
the independence of Board members nearing the end of their term is not
perceived by the public to be undermined in any way, the Province should adopt
the policy of automatic reappointment unless the member's performance
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REPORT NO.: PSD-106-Q4
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evaluation falls substantially below what is required by the performance criteria.
A suitable performance evaluation system is discussed below.
(b) Reasonable comcensation must be paid to members.
The compensation paid to Board members is far below the compensation paid to
senior Provincial officials and to Provincial Court judges. It has not been adjusted
for some considerable time. An upward adjustment in compensation is urgently
required to attract and retain fully qualified members on the Board.
The Municipality of Clarington recommends that the Province review and
increase the present levels of compensation of members of the Board using as
benchmarks the compensation paid to senior Provincial officials and Provincial
Court judges.
(c) All initial appointments to OMB should be probationary for 6 months.
As in any modern organization, individuals may be appointed members of the
Board who may prove to be unable or unwilling to perform their duties in a
competent and independent manner. It is important that they are not given 3 year
terms initially. The Municipality of Clarington recommends that all appointments
to the Board should be on a probationary basis for 6 months with the
appointments to be confirmed by Cabinet passing an Order-in-Council on the
recommendation of the Chair of the Board if the performance of the members is
considered to be satisfactory by the Chair.
(d) Discipline procedure of members not oerformina satisfactorilv should be
established.
Until relatively recently, OMB members were appointed for an indefinite term of
office during the Pleasure of Her Majesty rather than for a fixed term of 3 years.
In practice, this type of appointment was generally until the member reached
superannuation age. The advantage of this type of appointment is that individuals
could accept appointments without the constraint of concern as to whether their
business or professional practice would be available at the end of a short term of
appointment. The disadvantage was that it was difficult for the government of the
day to remove members whose performance did not satisfy the government's
expectations.
The Municipality of Clarington believes that a better way to address the latter
problem would be for the Province to establish appropriate performance
evaluation criteria and system which is communicated to the members. The
performance evaluation of members should be conducted by the Chair or a Vice
Chair appointed to do so by the Chair. Also, a formal process for removing from
office members whose performance falls substantially short of what is required
under performance evaluation criteria should be established.
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The public expects members of the Board to be civil to and respectful of all
persons who appear at a hearing of the Board. Conduct by Board members that
is patronizing or even in rare cases abusive, is not acceptable. The performance
evaluation criteria should include civility and respectfulness as a requirement of
continued membership on the Board. Repeated breaches of this requirement
should result in the termination of the appointment of the member in question, if
confirmed through the inquiry process noted below..
In order to ensure that the performance evaluation criteria do not undermine the
independence of Board members, a right of appeal by a member who is
aggrieved by his or her performance evaluation to an arbitrator appointed by the
Province should be provided.
The Chair of the Board should have authority to initiate on complaint being
determined to have likely merit or on his or her own motion, an inquiry by a
committee comprises chairs of other agencies or other qualified persons who are
not members of the Board. The committee should be appointed by the Attorney
General and have the mandate to determine whether the particular member
should be disciplined for his or her conduct and whether disciplinary action
including termination of the member's appointment to the Board should be
recommended. The recommendation should be to the Chair of the Board, the
Attorney General or the Provincial Cabinet, as appropriate.
The Municipality of Clarington believes that if there is to be public confidence in
the Board an effective mechanism must be available to ensure that members of
the Board satisfy the relevant performance criteria and conducts himself or
herself in a manner that is expected by the public of judges and members of
quasi judicial tribunals.
2.5 Case Manaaement should be improved bv amendment to OMB Rules.
The Municipality of Clarington believes that the OMB's case management procedures
work well where appeals to the Board are ripe for hearing. In those situations it is
possible for the Board to settle a Procedural Order which identifies the issues that will
be addressed at the hearing, set dates for the exchange of witness statements and
prepare lists of witnesses who will testify at the hearing of the merits of the appeal. This
type of order is issued in order to minimize surprise and the opportunity for trial by
ambush to occur with resulting unfairness and delay as well as to promote efficiency
and economy of time in the conduct of the hearing itself. The procedures, however,
break-down in cases in which a pre-hearing conference is scheduled before an appeal
is ripe for hearing. For example, an appeal will not be ripe for a hearing until the
Municipality is given a reasonable opportunity to have any necessary further studies
undertaken, completed and considered by Council after an application to it is completed
under the Planning Act. In these cases the scheduling of a pre-hearing conference may
be requested by an appellant in order to establish those who are likely to object to its
proposal well before a hearing on the merits of the appeal is scheduled by the Board.
Usually, the Board will direct that only those persons who appear at a pre-hearing
conference and are given the status of parties will receive notice of subsequent pre-
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REPORT NO.: PSD-106-Q4
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hearing conference to settle the issues, the exchange of witness statements and other
matters. This is practice is unfair to the Municipality and to the general public. It also is a
waste of the Board's scarce hearing resources and member's time. It should not be
permitted.
The Municipality of Clarington recommends that the OMB's Rules of Practice and
Procedure be amended to require that the solicitor for the appellant file his or her
affidavit certifying that the appeal is ripe for hearing before the Board schedules a pre-
hearing conference or schedules a hearing on the merits of the appeal in question.
2.6 Compulsory Mediation should be authorized on experimental basis.
The Municipality of Clarington believes that the OMB should have authority on an
experimental basis to require parties to participate in mediation of appropriate disputes
by members of the Board before a hearing is held, provided that workable criteria are
developed. If mandatory mediation is authorized, it should be tested in a specific area of
the Province before it is put in place throughout the Province. The mandatory mediation
process and results should be monitored and evaluated by the Board to determine its
success and effectiveness in settling disputes without a formal arbitration by the Board
being held. If it is determined to be successful and effective, mandatory mediation then
could be extended. The result could be a significant saving of the Board's hearing
resources by reducing the number of hearings on the merits of appeals that need to be
held.
3.0 CONCLUSION
The Province should be commended for its recent initiatives to improve the Ontario
planning system. The reform of the OMB is a critical component of the planning system
and is essential to support the Province's strong communities agenda. We trust that our
comments in combination with those from the Region will be helpful to the Province.
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