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HomeMy WebLinkAboutPDS-038-26Staff Report If this information is required in an alternate accessible format, please contact the Accessibility Coordinator at 905-623-3379 ext. 2131. Report To: Planning and Development Committee Date of Meeting: June 15, 2026 Report Number: PDS-038-26 Authored By: Marco Pedaletti, Capital Works Engineer Robert Brezina, Manager, Engineering Design Submitted By: Darryl Lyons, Deputy CAO, Planning and Infrastructure Reviewed By: Mary-Anne Dempster, CAO By-law Number: Resolution Number: PD-076-26 File Number: Report Subject: Active Transportation Master Plan Recommendations: 1.That Report PDS-038-26, and any related delegations or communication items, be received; 2.That Council approve the Active Transportation Master Plan as a high-level strategic planning document to guide future active transportation planning and implementation in Clarington; 3.That all interested parties listed in Report PDS-038-26 and any delegations, be advised of Council’s decision. Municipality of Clarington Page 2 Report PDS-038-26 Report Overview technical review, funding availability, detailed design, and Council’s capital budget approval 1. Background What is Active Transportation? 1.1 Active transportation refers to the ways in which people move through the community without relying on a personal vehicle, such as walking, cycling, rolling, using mobility devices, or connecting to transit. This can include sidewalks, multi-use paths, cycling routes, trail links, crossings, signage, rest areas, and other amenities that help people travel between neighbourhoods, schools, parks, community facilities, businesses, and transit stops. 1.2 In a growing municipality with several distinct communities, a coordinated plan is needed to identify missing connections and guide how new or improved facilities may be introduced over time. The ATMP does this at a planning level by identifying a candidate network, potential facility types, policy directions, and implementation consideratio ns. It is not intended to replace future design work for individual projects, but it provides a common framework for future decisions. Study Background 1.3 In August 2023, the Municipality retained WSP Canada Inc. to prepare the Active Transportation Master Plan. On February 15, 2024, the Municipality issued the Notice of Study Commencement for the development of an ATMP. The notice advised that the study would develop a vision, strategic direction and goals, a proposed active transportation network, implementation and policy guidance, and accessibility and amenities recommendations. The notice also advised that the study would be completed in accordance with the Municipal Engineers' Association master plan process under Phases 1 and 2 of the Municipal Class Environmental Assessment. 1.4 The ATMP has been developed in parallel with other important municipal initiatives, including the Parks, Recreation and Culture Master Plan (PRCMP). It is also intended to support broader municipal planning work, Official Plan Review, Secondary Plans, and future capital planning, in addition to, supporting an upcoming update to Clarington’s Transportation Master Plan (TMP). Municipality of Clarington Page 3 Report PDS-038-26 2. Discussion Study Process and Engagement 2.1 The ATMP was prepared through a municipal master planning process that reviewed existing conditions, relevant policy documents, planned growth areas, key destinations, and active transportation best practices. The process also considered provincial guidance, accessibility requirements, and the relationship between active transportation, road planning, parks and recreation planning, transit, development review, and future capital planning. 2.2 Public and stakeholder engagement was included throughout the study to help identify existing barriers, network gaps, route priorities, important destinations, and opportunities to improve walking, cycling, rolling, and other active transportation choices in Clarington . 2.3 A communications and engagement strategy was developed by WSP in coordination with the Municipality's Strategic Communications and Initiatives Department, with input from various members of Staff. The Municipality maintained a dedicated project webpage through Clarington Connected, which included the project background, timeline, document library, quick polls, a visioning activity, and an interactive mapping tool. 2.4 A drop-in Public Information Centre was held on March 21, 2024, at the Garnet B. Rickard Recreation Complex. Participants were invited to provide input on active transportation goals, existing network gaps and barriers, route priorities, and opportunities for new or improved active transportation routes. Public Information Centre materials were subsequently uploaded to the project webpage. 2.5 The development of the ATMP also included consultation with internal departme nts and external stakeholders, including Durham Region, Clarington's Active Transportation and Safe Roads Advisory Committee, Clarington's Accessibility Advisory Committee, school transportation representatives, and local cycling advocacy groups. 2.6 Input received through the engagement process was reviewed and considered in the preparation of the candidate network, policy directions, and implementation guidance contained in the ATMP. In particular, feedback helped inform the identification of network gaps, desired connections, barriers to active transportation, and locations where future coordination with other municipal or regional initiatives may be required. ATMP Content and Recommendations 2.7 The ATMP provides a strategic framework to guide future active transportation planning in Clarington. It establishes a vision and goals for active transportation, identifies a candidate active transportation network, assigns planning level facility types, and provides policy and implementation guidance to support future d ecision making. 2.8 The ATMP also includes recommendations related to accessibility, amenities, supportive policies, network planning, implementation considerations, and coordination with other municipal plans and projects. Municipality of Clarington Page 4 Report PDS-038-26 These recommendations are intended to help the Municipality apply a more consistent approach when active transportation opportunities are considered through future capital projects, development applications, secondary planning, corridor studies, and related municipal initiatives. 2.9 As a master planning document, the ATMP provides direction for future consideration rather than final approval of individual projects. Future projects will continue to be advanced through appropriate technical review, design, funding, and prioritization processes before implementation. Candidate Network and Mapping 2.10 A core deliverable of the ATMP is the candidate network mapping, which identifies proposed active transportation routes, facility types, and network structure across the municipality. The mapping is intended to provide a visual planning framework for long term connectivity and to support coordination with future growth, development, transportation, parks, recreation, and infrastructure planning. 2.11 The candidate network identifies planning level connections across Clarington and considers a range of implementation contexts, including existing and planned road corridors, trails, parks and open space connections, growth areas, development lands, transit connections, and other municipal or regional corridors, where appropriate and subject to further review. 2.12 Facility types shown in the ATMP are planning level recommendations. The final form, location, alignment, feasibility, cost, and timing of any individual facility will need to be confirmed through future technical review, consultation, environmental review where required, detailed design, development review, and the capital budget process . Implementation Context 2.13 Endorsement of the ATMP would provide Staff with a strategic document to guide future active transportation planning and coordination. It would not commit the Municipality to immediate construction of all identified routes or require implementation within a fixed timeline. 2.14 Implementation would be incremental and would depend on a range of factors, includin g growth related needs, road improvement opportunities, development applications, grant opportunities, available funding, land ownership, environmental constraints, accessibility considerations, and coordination with Regional and municipal infrastructure projects. 2.15 As individual projects move forward, further work may be required to confirm feasibility, refine alignments, select appropriate facility types, assess impacts, identify costs, and determine the appropriate timing and delivery mechanism. This appro ach allows the ATMP to function as a strategic guide while preserving flexibility for future Council decisions and site-specific technical review. Municipality of Clarington Page 5 Report PDS-038-26 Relationship to Other Municipal Initiatives 2.16 The ATMP is one component of a broader municipal planning framework and is intended to support complete, connected communities as Clarington continues to grow. The ATMP has been developed in parallel with other important municipal initiatives and is expected to help inform and be informed by the Parks, Recreation and Culture Master Plan, the Official Plan Review, Secondary Plans, development review, and related capital planning initiatives. 2.17 Positioning the ATMP within this broader planning framework will help ensure that active transportation considerations are incorporated into future decision making in a coordinated manner, rather than being considered separately from growth, transportation, recreation, accessibility, environmental, and infrastructure planning. 3. Financial Considerations Not Applicable. 4. Strategic Plan The ATMP aligns with the following sections of Clarington's Strategic Plan 2024 -27: C.1.2: Be an active partner in the development of GO Train stations and improved Regional transit connectivity.  The ATMP supports active transportation connections to transit and broader mobility integration. C.1.4: Proactively address traffic management, walkability, livability and connectivity.  This section directly references completing the Transportation Master Plan and updating the Active Transportation Master Plan and Wayfinding System Strategy. G.2.1: Prepare a new Official Plan that will guide community growth to 2051.  The ATMP will help inform the Official Plan Review, Comprehensive Zoning By- Law update, and Secondary Plans as growth planning advances. G.2.3: Develop and begin implementation of the Parks, Recreation and Culture Master Plan.  The ATMP has been coordinated with the PRCMP and supports complete community planning and recreational / mobility connections. G.4.2: Be a leader in anticipating and addressing the impacts of climate change.  The ATMP supports walking, cycling, rolling, and other low-carbon travel choices. Municipality of Clarington Page 6 Report PDS-038-26 G.4.3: Protect and enhance Clarington's natural heritage.  Future implementation of active transportation infrastructure will need to be planned in a manner that respects environmental constraints and opportunities. 5. Climate Change 5.1 The ATMP supports climate change objectives by encouraging walking, cycling, rolling, and other active modes that can reduce reliance on single-occupant vehicle travel over time. It also supports more connected and resilient community planning by integrating active transportation into growth-related and infrastructure-related decision-making. 5.2 Future implementation of ATMP recommendations will need to balance mobility objectives with environmental protection, natural heritage considerations, and site - specific design constraints. 6. Concurrence 6.1 This report has been reviewed by the Deputy CAO of Public Services who concurs with the recommendations. 7. Conclusion 7.1 It is respectfully recommended that Council endorse the Active Transportation Master Plan as a high-level strategic planning document to guide future active transportation planning in Clarington. Staff Contact: Robert Brezina, Manager of Engineering Design, 905-623-3379 ext. 2331 or RBrezina@clarington.net Attachments: Attachment 1 – Active Transportation Master Plan Attachment 2 – ATMP Maps (Full Size) Interested Parties: The following interested parties will be notified of Council's decision: Clarington’s Active Transportation and Safe Roads Advisory Committee Municipality of Clarington Active Transportation Master Plan June, 2026 Attachment 1 to Report PDS-038-26 Active Transportation Master Plan | 2 Table of Contents Chapter 1: Policy Review, Project Vision, Strategic Direction and Goals ................ 4 1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 4 1.1.1 What is Active Transportation? ....................................................................... 4 1.1.2 What is an Active Transportation Master Plan? .............................................. 4 1.2 Policy Foundation ................................................................................................ 8 1.2.1 Policy Review .................................................................................................. 9 1.3 Vision and Goals ................................................................................................ 11 1.3.1 Vision Statement ........................................................................................... 11 1.3.2 Strategic Directions and Goals ...................................................................... 13 Chapter 2: Existing Conditions .................................................................................. 14 2.1 Existing Active Transportation Network .......................................................... 14 2.1.1 Existing Active Transportation Facility Types ................................................ 15 2.2 OTM Book 18 (2021) Compliance ..................................................................... 19 2.3 Socio-Economic Patterns ................................................................................. 24 2.3.1 Total Population ............................................................................................ 25 2.3.2 Population Density ........................................................................................ 25 2.3.3 Population Distribution by Age ...................................................................... 27 2.3.4 Immigrant Population Distribution ................................................................. 30 2.3.5 Average Household Income .......................................................................... 32 2.4 Transportation Trends....................................................................................... 34 2.4.1 Mode Shares ................................................................................................. 34 2.4.2 Short Trips ..................................................................................................... 35 Chapter 3: Developing the Active Transportation Network ..................................... 37 3.1 The Active Transportation Network Framework ............................................. 37 3.1.1 Network Hierarchy ......................................................................................... 37 3.1.2 Route Selection Criteria ................................................................................ 48 3.1.3 Urban and Rural Connectivity ....................................................................... 49 3.1.4 On and Off-Road Connectivity ...................................................................... 50 3.1.5 Major Road Corridors .................................................................................... 51 3.1.6 Major Crossings ............................................................................................ 53 Chapter 4: Implementation ......................................................................................... 54 Active Transportation Master Plan | 3 4.1 Facility Types ..................................................................................................... 54 4.1.1 Pedestrian facilities ....................................................................................... 54 4.2 Active Transportation Facilities ....................................................................... 58 4.2.1 Physically Separated Active Transportation Facilities ................................... 58 4.2.2 Designated Space Active Transportation Facilities ....................................... 61 4.2.3 Shared Space ............................................................................................... 62 4.3 Intersection Treatments .................................................................................... 66 4.4 Network Phasing ................................................................................................ 69 4.5 Retrofit and Road Construction Strategies ..................................................... 73 4.6 Costing ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.7 Monitoring Strategies ........................................................................................ 74 4.7.1 Key Performance Indicators .......................................................................... 75 4.7.2 Monitoring and Reporting Programs ............................................................. 76 Chapter 5: Active Transportation Supportive Policies ............................................ 78 5.1 Policy #1: Accessibility and Inclusion for Active Transportation ................. 78 5.1.1 AODA Standards ........................................................................................... 79 5.1.2 All Ages and Abilities Active Transportation Facilities ................................... 80 5.1.3 All Ages and Abilities Pedestrian Facilities .................................................... 81 5.1.4 Inclusive Design ............................................................................................ 83 5.2 Policy #2: Enhancing Supportive Amenities throughout the Active Transportation Network .......................................................................................... 87 5.2.1 Bicycle Parking and End of Trip Facilities ..................................................... 87 5.2.2 Network Amenities ........................................................................................ 89 5.3 Policy #3: Maintaining the Active Transportation Network .......................... 103 5.3.1 Minimum Maintenance Standards ............................................................... 103 5.4 Policy #4: Supporting Micromobility .............................................................. 109 5.4.1 E-Bikes and E-Scooters in Ontario .............................................................. 111 Active Transportation Master Plan | 4 Chapter 1: Policy Review, Project Vision, Strategic Direction and Goals 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 What is Active Transportation? Active transportation refers to modes that rely on the user’s own power to move. This has typically meant walking, biking, scootering, rollerblading, and skateboarding. However, new electric devices such as e-bikes and e-scooters have recently been included when considering active transportation modes and often share the same types of active transportation infrastructure. Throughout the development of the Active Transportation Master Plan (ATMP), active transportation users have been classified into one of two groups: 1. Slower active transportation users who use sidewalks and multi-use paths, including pedestrians and people using slower assistive devices (walkers, wheelchairs, etc.). 2. Faster active transportation users who use bicycle lanes, multi-use paths, and cycle tracks. These users include people using a bicycle, scooter, skateboard, or electric versions of these devices. It is also recognized that people using faster mobility devices, such as mobility scooters, often use active transportation facilities. 1.1.2 What is an Active Transportation Master Plan? The Municipality of Clarington has developed this ATMP that builds upon existing key policies and plans such as the Clarington Official Plan, Clarington Transportation Master Plan, and Clarington Strategic Plan. An ATMP’s primary purpose is to determine how a community can better support all forms of active transportation. An ATMP evaluates existing conditions, considers future growth, and provides recommendations that align with policy objectives and community needs within a municipality. Clarington’s ATMP will serve as a guiding document for active transportation over the next ten or more years that aims to enhance active transportation use, strengthen policy support, and establish new partnerships with community stakeholders to increase the uptake of multi- modal transportation within the Municipality. Recommendations in the Plan will support the growth of infrastructure for active transportation and develop an accessible and Active Transportation Master Plan | 5 equitable network for users of All Ages and Abilities. The recommended active transportation network and implementation priorities should be reviewed and refined through the upcoming Clarington Transportation Master Plan (CTMP) and Official Plan Review processes once updated growth forecasts and long -term land use directions are confirmed. Building upon the existing active transportation network, the ATMP will provide direction towards a future where walking, cycling, and wheeling are more accessible, comfortable, connected and convenient for residents. The Municipality aims to build upon its existing network of bike lanes, multi-use trails and sidewalks by: • Applying the Complete Streets Approach defined in the Official Plan to be integrated into the planning and design of streets; • Improving existing routes to bring them up to an All Ages and Abilities (AAA) standard; • Closing gaps in the network to ensure continuous, connected routes across the Municipality, connecting urban and rural areas; • Addressing barriers to network connectivity, such as highways, railways and watercourses to provide safe connections between communities and to the waterfront; • Partnering with the Region of Durham to enhance mobility choice across the Municipality by upgrading facilities on Regional Roads; and • Creating new capacity for community organizations to support residents in choosing active transportation more often. The Clarington ATMP has been developed by placing the community at the centre of the plan, focusing on increasing uptake of active transportation by residents, strengthening support for more people-oriented transportation options and establishing new partnerships with stakeholders to support implementation. To build this sense of community ownership that is necessary to support a plan of this scale, residents and stakeholders had several opportunities to engage in the process of developing the plan. The Plan also creates an accountability process that will allow the Municipality and any relevant partners to check the progress of the actions against the baseline assessment and the goals contained within the Plan. The ATMP functions best when considered within the broader policy context of the Municipality, Region, Province and Country. Chapter 1 provides an overview of existing policies and plans that are relevant to active transportation and that inform ed the Active Transportation Master Plan | 6 recommendations in this Plan. Additionally, the identified policies help define the vision for the ATMP by aligning itself with the goals and objectives of Clarington. Complete Streets The objective of a Complete Streets approach is to create a well-functioning, efficient street network that promotes road safety, accessibility, and allows for all types of transportation modes and uses. Every street is different with its own defining set of elements and character in relation to the street’s location and role within the municipal transportation network. Complete Streets are streets for everyone. While it may not be possible to accommodate every type of user on all streets within the Municipality, Complete Streets aim to balance the needs of all road users including pedestrians, cyclists, transit users, vehicles, etc., which may differ depending on the street type and function. Active transportation is considered a key element of Complete Streets as pedestrian and cycling infrastructure can offer greater transportation options, accommodate users of all abilities and facilitate equal access to goods, services, employment, and recreation. The Complete Streets concept aims to implement a transportation network that prioritizes safety by increasing the buffer between vehicular and other modes of transportation and adopting a Vision Zero approach. Rather than focusing on perfecting human behaviour, Vision Zero takes on a “safe systems” approach. This assumes that human error is a natural part of the road safety equation and recognizes that road fatalities and injuries can be prevented through “the 5 E’s”: education, enforcement, engineering, evaluation, and engagement. Clarington’s Official Plan aims to integrate Complete Street principles in the planning and design of urban streets, including: • Street design elements to improve the quality of service for pedestrians, cyclists, and transit users in addition to the level of service for vehicles; • Safe and convenient access to transit stops; • Local streets to have multiple points of access and limited block lengths; • Intersections designed to meet the desired level of service for vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists, through minimizing crossing distances; and • Streets designed with integrated accessibility features. Active Transportation Master Plan | 7 The concept of Complete Streets is rooted in the interconnection of streets to build a network that allows for physical movement and connects people to different areas and destinations, here, within Clarington. Streets are important public spaces that prov ide various social and recreational uses and shape the urban fabric. Complete Streets put emphasis on the needs of the road users, including people who cycle, walk, take transit and drive on the street. This shifts the priority away from solely focusing on motor vehicle traffic and creates a safe and welcoming environment for all ages, abilities, and modes of travel. When applying the concept of Complete Streets to the Municipal Road network, there are several key principles that need to be considered to effectively adapt the local community interest surrounding Clarington’s roads to provide Complete Streets elements. These principles include: 1. Separating Users • Separating active transportation users where there are high volumes of vehicular traffic is critical for safety. • This can be done in many ways, including complete separation of active transportation users by implementing a Multi-Use Path (MUP) within the boulevard or retrofitting protected bike lanes with concrete curbs/barriers and bollards. Figure 1.1: Examples of Separated Active Transportation Facilities: Protected Bike Lane (left) and Multi -use Path (right) Active Transportation Master Plan | 8 2. Reducing Vehicle Speeds and Volumes • This can be done through traffic calming measures, such as speed humps or roadway lane width reductions, and traffic diversion measures to reduce traffic volumes and to allow for safer shared space. • Safer shared space is needed between active transportation users and vehicles and, if user volumes are high enough, separation between different types of active transportation users can be beneficial. Figure 1.2: Examples of Traffic Calming Measures (left) and Traffic Diversion Measures (right) 1.2 Policy Foundation This section builds on prior municipal, provincial, and federal planning documents to align the ATMP with established government goals and visions. Over the past decade, there has been growing government support and funding for creating active communities, with collaboration among federal, provincial, and municipal levels to develop policies, research, strategies, and initiatives aimed at enhancing active transportation. The following overview highlights the plans and policies reviewed to inform the development of the Plan. Active Transportation Master Plan | 9 1.2.1 Policy Review Policy Background Provincial and municipal governments have worked together to establish policies, research, strategies and initiatives that provide support for investments and improvements in active transportation. The initial step in development of the ATMP was gaining an understanding of the plans and policies that have helped set the foundation for the Plan, including those that have a direct influence on active transportation planning, design and implementation within Clarington. The following is an overview of all plans and policies that were reviewed to inform the ATMP. Federal Policies • National Active Transportation Strategy (2021-2026) The National Active Transportation Strategy provides federal policy direction that emphasizes connectivity, safety, equity, and increased walking and cycling mode share. These principles align with the objectives of the Clarington ATMP and help ensure consistency with federal government priorities. The National Active Transportation Strategy created a 5-year, $400 million fund for municipalities to build new and expanded networks of pathways, bike lanes, trails and pedestrian bridges . To qualify, municipalities must demonstrate how their projects will enhance community connections, improve user experience, encourage a modal shift, and promote equity across the region. Provincial Policies • Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act • Ministry of Transportation Ontario Bikeway Design Manual • Ontario Traffic Manual Book 15: Pedestrian Crossing Treatments • #CycleON Action Plan 2.0 • Ontario’s Cycling Tourism Plan • Minimum Maintenance Standards for Municipal Highways O.Reg. 239/02 • Provincial Policy Statement • Ontario Traffic Manual Book 18: Cycling Facilities Active Transportation Master Plan | 10 The Province of Ontario has a suite of comprehensive policies that support active transportation and universal design, offering guidance to municipalities ranging from suggested actions to legislated requirements. Provincial initiatives encourage collaboration with industry partners to develop cycling tourism, especially in rural areas, as outlined in Ontario's Cycling Tourism Plan. Municipalities should emphasize equitable distribution of recreational spaces in compliance with the Provincial Policy Statement and follow the detailed active transportation facility design outlined in the MTO Bikeways Design Manual and Ontario Traffic Manual Book 15 and 18. Technical standards, including those for AODA-compliant facilities, are specified in Minimum Maintenance Standards for Municipal Highways, with further design guidance provided in Ontario Traffic Manuals. Regional Policies • Region of Durham Official Plan, Envision Durham (2024) • Durham Transportation Master Plan (2017) • Durham Regional Cycling Plan (2021) Regional policies directly shape the planning, design, implementation, and operation of active transportation facilities along regional roads, with guidance from documents like the Durham Regional Official Plan (2020), Regional Cycling Plan (2021) and the Durham Transportation Master Plan (2017). These policies aim to create healthy, sustainable communities and manage growth effectively. The Durham Transportation Master Plan (TMP) outlines principles to strengthen the bond between land use and transportation, enhance public transit, promote walking and cycling, optimize road infrastructure, support sustainable travel choices, improve goods movement, and strategically invest in transportation systems. Additionally, the Regional Cycling Plan (RCP) offers guidance on cycling infrastructure, connectivity, and education and encouragement, aligning with the region's strategic goals to expand sustainable transportation, enhance communication networks, and optimize resources. Overall, the key principles include integrating land use and transportation planning, improving accessibility and equity, fostering alternative modes of transport, establishing a connected network for active transportation, promoting education and encouragement for active transportation, and maintaining a well-operated cycling network. • Clarington Waterfront Strategy (In Development) • Clarington Parks, Recreation and Culture Master Plan (2024) • Clarington Strategic Plan (2023) • Current Clarington Official Plan (2018) Active Transportation Master Plan | 11 • The Municipality of Clarington Multi-Year Accessibility Plan 2018 to 2023 (2018) • Clarington Transportation Master Plan (2016) • Municipality of Clarington Older Adult Strategy (2015) Municipal policies significantly shape active transportation initiatives, with documents like the Clarington Official Plan (2018), Clarington Transportation Master Plan (2016) and the Clarington Strategic Plan (2019) providing essential guidance on the future development of active transportation. These plans are updated periodically to align with provincial directives and community objectives. The Clarington Official Plan underscores the Municipality's vision for a vibrant, safe, and sustainable environment , emphasizing healthy communities and active transportation integration. Specific policies within the plan prioritize promoting healthy lifestyles through active modes like walking and cycling, managing growth to accommodate active transportation infrastructure, and enhancing public realm and networks in developed areas. The Clarington Strategic Plan sets goals for engaged communities, sustainable growth, and environmental sustainability, with provisions for expanding transportation networks and ensuring equitable access. Moreover, ongoing initiatives such as the Clarington Waterfront Strategy and the Municipality of Clarington Multi-Year Accessibility Plan (2018-2023) further bolster AT integration and accessibility. The Waterfront Strategy aims to enhance barrier-free access and active transportation linkages to the waterfront, aligning with broader strategic plans and environmental considerations. Similarly, the Accessibility Plan outlines measures to comply with the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA), including provisions for mobility device charging stations and barrier -free design in public spaces. Additionally, the Municipality's Older Adult Strategy addresses the recreation and transportation needs of its aging population, emphasizing coordination through programs like Wheels in Action and ensuring safe, reliable AT options for leisure and transportation purposes. Through these multifaceted policies and plans, Clarington aims to foster inclusive, sustainable communities while promoting active transportation as a fundamental component of urban design and development. 1.3 Vision and Goals 1.3.1 Vision Statement A vision statement and relevant objectives were developed based on a review of Clarington’s existing policy documents. The themes contained in these documents highlight what the Municipality’s guiding principles are and help to ensure that the ATMP Active Transportation Master Plan | 12 aligns with those previously approved statements in a clear manner. The vision statement for the ATMP is: Clarington’s transportation system provides safe and accessible transportation options for all users and connects people to key destinations and transit while supporting community health and sustainability. Active Transportation Master Plan | 13 1.3.2 Strategic Directions and Goals To ensure the vision statement is carried out, strategic directions and goals have been developed based on the Municipality’s existing policy directives that are shown in Table 1.1. Table 1.1: Goals Based on the Municipality's Existing Strategies Strategic Direction Goals Create Resilient & Sustainable Communities 1. Promote active transportation through public education and awareness 2. Increase opportunities for recreation and exercise 3. Support accessing local businesses by active transportation 4. Support a variety of mobility and transportation options Create Inclusive, Accessible & Vibrant Communities 1. Connect the active transportation network with public transit 2. Create accessible active transportation facilities for people of All Ages and Abilities 3. Monitor and maintain active transportation facilities Develop a Safe & Connected Active Transportation Network 1. Provide safe and protected active transportation facilities 2. Establish connections between hamlets, rural areas, and urban centres 3. Create convenient connections to key destinations 4. Provide safe crossings of major physical barriers to create a well-connected network The recommendations and policies from this Plan will be built upon the vision statement, strategic directions and goals. They will provide an important accountability tool and be used to prioritize the implementation of recommendations, policies, and the active transportation network that will be developed through this Plan. Active Transportation Master Plan | 14 Chapter 2: Existing Conditions Creating an interconnected and easily accessible active transportation network is crucial for promoting an active lifestyle among the public. The proposed active transportation network in the Municipality of Clarington is being developed with an equitable lens, inclusive of all users within the Municipality. The goal of the proposed network is to make it universally accessible to all people, regardless of their age or abilities. The existing conditions of Clarington’s current active transportation network have been reviewed and investigated in the field to inform mapping, confirm where infrastructure is present and to identify potential gaps within the network. Existing active transportation facilities have been assessed to determine if they meet current guidelines and serve to establish a foundation that the future active transportation network can be built upon. 2.1 Existing Active Transportation Network Clarington has been implementing active facilities for many years, including sidewalks, bicycle lanes, and multi-use paths. Many of the Municipality’s existing active transportation routes predate the first edition of the Ontario Traffic Manual (OTM) Book 18 on cycling facility design (2013). Design philosophy has evolved considerably since those early installations, with the updated Book 18 (2021) placing a much higher priority on the comfort and safety of the interested but concerned population of potential active transportation users. These potential users tend to be uncomfortable sharing space with automobiles, especially in high-speed conditions. They will tend towards using multi-use paths, physically separated facilities and low-speed, low-volume residential streets. In the context of the Municipality’s existing active transportation network, it is important to keep these users in mind, while also respecting that many of the Municipality’s existing facilities were built to older design standards. The Plan aims to identify where existing routes can be leveraged to create a network of high -comfort active transportation facilities, elevating the experience for people of All Ages and Abilities as the ATMP is implemented. Active Transportation Master Plan | 15 2.1.1 Existing Active Transportation Facility Types The following are the typical active transportation facility types that exist in Clarington: • Sidewalks: Sidewalks are typically located in urban and built-up areas for use by pedestrians and people using mobility devices at a low speed. • Shared Roadways: Designated shared roadways typically have supportive signs and/or pavement marking treatments for wayfinding and to promote safer interactions between motorists, cyclists and other road users. • Bicycle Lanes: Bicycle lanes are located on a portion of the roadway with designated space that is to be used exclusively by cyclists. They are typically marked by a bicycle symbol, pavement markings and signs. • Multi-use Paths: Pathways located alongside a road that are shared between pedestrians, cyclists, scooter users, and other types of active transportation users. • Paved Shoulders: A portion of a roadway that provides active transportation users an area that is separated from motor travel with a pavement marking. Typically, paved shoulders are located on rural roads. Map 2.1 provides an overview of existing active transportation facilities and typical key destinations across Clarington. Figure 2.1: Bicycle Lane Figure 2.2: Multi-use Path Active Transportation Master Plan | 16 Map 2.1: Existing Active Transportation Network - Clarington-wide Active Transportation Master Plan | 17 Map 2.1a: Existing Conditions - Courtice and Bowmanville Active Transportation Master Plan | 18 Map 2.1a: Existing Conditions - Newcastle and Orono Active Transportation Master Plan | 19 2.2 Ontario Traffic Manual (OTM) Book 18 Compliance To understand whether existing active transportation routes meet updated guidance in Ontario Traffic Manual (OTM) Book 18: Cycling Facilities (2021), a detailed review of on-road facilities was conducted for the Municipality. This review determined compliance with current guidelines, considering the widths of current facilities, type of separation, road speed limits, and recent traffic volumes. Table 2.1 summarizes the findings of this review and Map 2.2 shows the mapped results. Table 2.1: Existing Facilities Compliance with OTM Book 18 Facility Type Total Existing Length (km) Compliant Length (km) Non-Compliant Length (km) Dedicated Bicycle Lanes 15.39 0.55 14.84 Multi-use Paths 15.58 15.58 0 Marked Shared Use Lane 5.44 0 5.44 Paved Shoulder 5.69 2.81 2.88 Total 42.1 18.94 23.16 Approximately 23 km of the Municipality’s existing active transportation network does not conform to the standards outlined in the current OTM Book 18, although these segments may have met the applicable guidelines at the time of their construction. Existing multi-use paths within the network generally align with OTM Book 18 guidance by providing a high degree of separation from motor vehicle traffic. Where located within the boulevard or fully outside the road right-of-way, these facilities reflect Book 18 principles related to user comfort, safety, and suitability for All Ages and Abilities. Non- compliant bicycle lanes may be upgraded with increased separation techniques, such as bollards or concrete curbs/barriers, or by reducing vehicle speeds through traffic calming and lower speed limits. Reducing vehicle speeds is only one part of the equation, however, since a reduction in speed does not always equate to a reduction in volumes. Even with a reduced speed limit, some roads would still lie outside of the Active Transportation Master Plan | 20 recommended parameters where a bicycle lane would be recommended without physical separation. Higher traffic volumes and speeds require physical separation to provide a comfortable experience for the interested but concerned riders, as demonstrated in Figure 2.3. Figure 2.3: Physical separation techniques for cycling according to vehicle volume and speed Active Transportation Master Plan | 21 Map 2.2: OTM Book 18 Compliance - Clarington-wide Active Transportation Master Plan | 22 Map 2.2a: OTM Book 18 Compliance - Courtice & Bowmanville Active Transportation Master Plan | 23 Map 2.2b: OTM Book 18 Compliance - Newcastle & Orono Active Transportation Master Plan | 24 2.3 Socio-Economic Patterns Demographic and socio-economic characteristics are included in the Active Transportation Master Plan (ATMP) to help identify where active transportation (AT) is most likely to be used out of necessity, where it is most likely to be used by choice, and where improvements to the network can deliver the greatest equity, accessibility, and mobility benefits. Population density, age distribution, immigrant population patterns, and household income influence travel behaviour, access to private vehicles, and sensitivity to the availability, safety, and comfort of walking and cycling infrastructure. When reviewed alongside land use patterns and proximity to key destination s, such as schools, transit stops, community facilities, employment areas, and retail, these indicators help identify areas where gaps in the AT network may disproportionately affect residents with limited mobility options. Collectively, the trends illustrated in this section provide a screening-level understanding of where investments in active transportation can support both everyday mobility needs and longer-term mode shift objectives. To develop an active transportation network that is tailored to Clarington, a comprehensive understanding of the local context is essential, particularly regarding demographic and socio-economic characteristics and trends. This knowledge serves as the foundation for ensuring that the recommendations and strategies comprising the ATMP are well-suited to meet the needs of both current and future residents who will rely on this network. A review of the socio-demographic data was completed as part of an equity-focused approach to building the network. Key indicators for an equitable approach to planning an active transportation network include population density, youth and senior population density, population density of recent immigrants, and household income. This section includes a series of maps to show the Municipality’s current demographic patterns based on data for these demographic trends from the 2021 Statistics Canada Census. The demographic maps presented in this section are not intended to represent demand in isolation, but rather to highlight where demographic trends and potential AT needs intersect with land use patterns and existing network gaps, helping to inform subsequent network planning, prioritization, and phasing decisions. The ranges for the maps in this section are based on a quantile approach, which creates ranges based on an equal number of areas within each range. The areas have approximately equal populations, allowing them to be compared with each other to determine where there is higher priority for active transportation to benefit the most residents. Active Transportation Master Plan | 25 2.3.1 Total Population Understanding population and its anticipated growth is an important consideration when assessing the existing conditions and the potential for active transportation. Clarington’s population was just over 101,400 in the 2021 Census and is expected to grow to 140,340 by 2031. Figure 2.4 shows the changes in population from 2011 to 2021 and the expected population growth in Clarington. Figure 2.4: Population Growth and Growth Forecast in the Clarington (Source: 2018 Clarington Official Plan and Statistics Canada Census) 2.3.2 Population Density Population density varies across different areas of the Municipality, with higher population densities in the urban areas of Courtice, Bowmanville, and Newcastle. Higher densities are focused in more recently developed areas, likely due to smaller lot sizes in newer developments. Population density trends for the Municipality are shown in Figure 2.5. Higher population densities generally correspond with shorter trip lengths and a greater likelihood of walking and cycling for both utilitarian and recreational purposes. In Clarington, higher-density areas in Courtice, Bowmanville, and Newcastle represent locations where AT infrastructure is more likely to support everyday trips, including access to schools, transit, shopping, and community services. Conversely, lower-density rural areas may rely more heavily on AT for recreational purposes or 0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 2011 2016 2021 2026 2031 Active Transportation Master Plan | 26 first-/last-mile connections to transit, highlighting the need for different facility types and design approaches. Areas where higher population density coincides with limited AT connectivity may represent priority locations for addressing network gaps. Figure 2.5. Population Density Active Transportation Master Plan | 27 2.3.3 Population Distribution by Age Enhancing active transportation infrastructure can improve the quality of life and accessibility experienced by both youth and seniors as these two groups are often the most limited by not having access to a car for mobility purposes. Figure 2.6 and Figure 2.7 demonstrate the distribution of seniors (ages 65 and older) and youth (ages 14 and younger). Youth tend to be located in more recently developed areas, likely due to the increased opportunities for younger families to purchase housing and the proximity to schools and other amenities. Higher densities of seniors tend to be located in older residential areas or developments that have been planned or marketed to seniors. Youth and seniors are more likely to rely on active transportation out of necessity due to limited or no access to a private vehicle. Areas with higher concentrations of youth benefit from safe, direct walking and cycling routes to schools, parks, and comm unity facilities, while areas with higher concentrations of seniors benefit from barrier-free, comfortable, and well-connected pedestrian environments that support daily errands and social interaction. Where higher youth or senior densities overlap with fr agmented sidewalk networks, high-speed roadways, or limited crossing opportunities, there is an increased risk of unmet mobility needs and reduced independence. These areas may warrant prioritization for safety-focused and accessibility-oriented AT improvements. Active Transportation Master Plan | 28 Figure 2.6. Youth Density Active Transportation Master Plan | 29 Figure 2.7. Senior Density Active Transportation Master Plan | 30 2.3.4 Immigrant Population Distribution As part of an equity-focused approach, the ATMP reviewed selected demographic indicators to understand how access to transportation options may vary across the Municipality. This approach uses demographic data as a screening tool to identify neighbourhoods where residents may have different mobility needs or may rely more heavily on walking, cycling, or transit due to factors such as age, income, or immigration status. For this analysis, immigrant population data (including recent immigrants, defined as individuals who immigrated to Canada within the past five years, consistent with Statistics Canada definitions) was reviewed alongside general population density. While immigrant populations are represented within overall population density figures, mapping this data separately helps identify whether certain population groups are concentrated in specific neighbourhoods, particularly older residential areas, and whether existing transportation infrastructure aligns with current population patterns. Figure 2.8 illustrates that immigrant population density in Clarington generally overlaps with established neighbourhoods. This information was used to support a broader understanding of how historic street networks, transit access, and active transportation facilities may serve current residents, and to help inform network planning and prioritization. Immigrant population density in Clarington generally aligns with established neighbourhoods that often have older street networks and varying levels of AT infrastructure. In many cases, these areas may have direct street connectivity but lack modern AT facilities such as protected cycling infrastructure or enhanced pedestrian crossings. Households in these neighbourhoods may be more likely to use walking, cycling, or transit for daily trips, particularly where employment, services, or transit are within close proximity. Identifying whether existing AT infrastructure aligns with current demographic patterns helps ensure that upgrades and retrofits address present -day needs rather than historic development patterns. Active Transportation Master Plan | 31 Figure 2.8. Distribution of Immigrant Population Active Transportation Master Plan | 32 2.3.5 Average Household Income Census data reveals that income level in Clarington is unevenly distributed across the Municipality, as shown in Figure 2.9. Many lower income areas are focused in the urban areas, though there are some rural areas that have lower household incomes than the municipal average. Lower-income households can greatly benefit from improved active transportation infrastructure as it can improve mobility choice without requiring access to a vehicle. Active transportation modes are more affordable and reliable than other modes, particularly for short trips within the Municipality. Investing in active transportation in areas with low median household income provides benefits for the entire community. It can enhance social equity, improve health and well-being, and support local businesses. Lower-income households are more likely to depend on active transportation as a primary or complementary mode due to the high cost of vehicle ownership and operation. In Clarington, lower-income areas are largely concentrated in urban centres, where short trip lengths and access to destinations can make walking and cycling viable daily travel options, provided that safe and connected infrastructure is available. Where lower household incomes coincide with gaps in the AT network or barriers such as major arterial roads, limited crossings, or discontinuous sidewalks, residents may experience reduced access to employment, services, and transit. Investment in active transportation in these areas can improve affordability, health outcomes, and access to opportunity while supporting broader municipal equity objectives. It should be noted that the income ranges shown in Figure 2.9 are averages for census dissemination areas, which contain many households. The income ranges are not meant to represent the lowest or highest household incomes seen in Clarington. Active Transportation Master Plan | 33 Figure 2.9. Average Household Income Active Transportation Master Plan | 34 2.4 Transportation Trends 2.4.1 Mode Shares Current travel trends show that active transportation modes are not commonly used, and most residents rely on using vehicles as their main mode of transportation. The 2021 Canadian Census showed that 93.4% of people commute by using a personal vehicle, while only 2.4% walk to work and 0.1% use a bicycle. Other modes of commuting, including micromobility devices such as e -scooters, make up 1.9% of commuters. A full summary is included in Table 2.2. Table 2.2: Commuting Mode Shares Main Mode of Commuting Total Count (25% sample data of total population) Percentage of Mode Share Car or truck 34,305 93.4% Public transit 790 2.2% Walking 875 2.4% Bicycle 40 0.1% Other method 705 1.9% Source: Canada Census (2021) Public engagement results align with the Census in showing low current use of active transportation, with driving the dominant mode. Survey responses also provide context for this outcome, identifying safety, network gaps, and connectivity as key barriers, while indicating that many residents would be willing to use active modes more often for short trips if conditions improved. Active Transportation Master Plan | 35 2.4.2 Short Trips The current census numbers do not necessarily reflect the potential for active transportation in Clarington. The lack of a connected and safe network may be a factor in the low proportion of commuters using active transportation or their commute distance may be too far. The Transportation Tomorrow Survey provides more details on all types of trips, distances of trips, and mode of transportation. It is helpful to look at the number of trips that are 5 km or less, since these trips have the greatest potential to be replaced by active transportation. Table 2.3 shows that 73% of all types of trips are under 5 km in length. Only 13% of trips to work are under 5 km, but 57% of school trips and 44% of discretionary trips (groceries, errands, etc.) are under 5 km. Table 2.3: Total Trips and Short Trips under 5 km Type of Trip Total Number of Trips (all distances) Number of Trips Under 5 km1 Percentage of Trips Under 5 km (%) Work 61,932 8,052 13% School 17,916 10,220 57% Discretionary 73,513 32,067 44% All Types 153,361 111,915 73% Note 1: Trip distance estimates are based on a Manhattan Distance (travel distance based on a perfect east-west and north-south road grid) Source: Transportation Tomorrow Survey (2016) Figure 2.10 shows the areas where there are high numbers of originating trips that are under 5 km. The areas generating high numbers of short trips are typically located in the urban areas, indicating a high potential for active transportation. Active Transportation Master Plan | 36 Figure 2.10: Number of Trips Under 5 km Active Transportation Master Plan | 37 Chapter 3: Developing the Active Transportation Network 3.1 The Active Transportation Network Framework The Active Transportation Network was developed using community input and the Active Transportation Network Framework, which establishes the guidelines and criteria used to identify and evaluate routes. These elements include the Network Hierarchy, Route Selection Criteria, Urban and Rural Connectivity, On and Off-road Connectivity, Major Road Corridors, and Major Road Crossings. The recommended active transportation network will be coordinated with future road planning, reconstruction, and corridor improvement projects . Where applicable, active transportation facilities identified through this Plan are to be integrated into municipal road capital projects, including road reconstructions, resurfacing, and corridor upgrades, to ensure alignment with long-term infrastructure planning and cost-effective implementation. These elements were used to develop the Active Transportation Network shown in Map 3.1, Map 3.1a (Courtice and Bowmanville) and Map 3.1b (Newcastle and Orono). The maps show the route hierarchy of the Network, described in the next section, while the active transportation facility types recommended for each route are shown in Chapter 4: Implementation. 3.1.1 Network Hierarchy The goal of creating an active transportation network hierarchy is to prioritize investments and build a cost-effective system across the Municipality, based on user needs and route purposes. Creating connected, comfortable routes that bring residents to key destinations will have a higher degree of impact on mobility patterns in Clarington than spreading investments out without consideration being given as to how users will experience those corridors. Through this user-focused approach, the Municipality will be able to maximize its return on investment as the network is implemented. A network hierarchy does not prescribe specific facility types to each route but rather describes how the route may be used to guide implementation. To create a safe, comfortable, and functional network for Clarington, four (4) types of routes are described here: Active Transportation Master Plan | 38 Spine Routes Spine Routes, illustrated in Figure 3.1 and Figure 3.2, function as major routes for active users to access key destinations and other parts of the Municipality. They connect to commercial areas, employment centres, schools and greenspaces throughout the Municipality, providing a direct, continuous route to wa lk, bike or wheel. Most Spine Routes are located on arterial or collector roadways, reflecting the important destinations and amenities that often exist along those corridors. Spine Routes should be designed to serve people of All Ages and Abilities, creating comfortable conditions for people to walk, bike or wheel. Due to high traffic volumes and speeds of these roads, facilities on Spine routes should provide physical and spatial separation between active transportation user and motor vehicles. Typical facilities include wide sidewalks, multi-use paths, trails, curb-separated cycle tracks, and protected bicycle lanes. Protected intersections at major i ntersections and continuous crossings at minor intersections and driveways help to create an environment where active users feel safe and comfortable. Active Transportation Master Plan | 39 Figure 3.1: Rendering of a Typical Spine Cross-section (shown with a multi-use path) Active Transportation Master Plan | 40 Figure 3.2: Rendering of a Typical Spine Cross-section (shown with cycle tracks) Connector Routes Connector Routes, illustrated in Figure 3.3, are designed to help active transportation users get to and from Spine Routes quickly, easily and comfortably. Connector Routes will typically be on roads with lower vehicular volumes and speeds than Spine Routes, allowing for the use of facilities where it is not typically required to provide physical separation between active users and motor vehicles. The design user for these routes is not necessarily an All Ages and Abilities User, but typically a user that is comfortable with minimal exposure to vehicle traffic for short distances. This user would include people who are interested in active transportation and have some concern when exposed to higher traffic volumes and speeds. They do not have the same design needs as an All Ages and Abilities User in every situation. These routes are typically on local or minor collector routes where there is less need for physical separation than Spine Routes. Typical facility types include painted or contraflow (travel in the opposite direction of vehicular traffic) bicycle lanes. Active Transportation Master Plan | 41 Figure 3.3: Rendering of a Typical Connector Cross-section Neighbourhood Greenway Routes Greenways form local connections and alternative routes for cycling on neighbourhood streets that are designed for low traffic speeds and low traffic volumes. The idea of a Greenway is that vehicles are still permitted on these routes but are not the priority design user. They prioritize mobility for people walking, cycling and wheeling while still allowing access for local residents, on-street parking and access for service and emergency vehicles. These types of routes are suitable for All Ages and Abilities use, but only when designed to reduce both the speed differential between users and reduce the priority given to vehicular traffic in these areas. Vehicle operating speeds on Greenways should be limited through traffic calming measures to create safe conditions for mixing vehicles and other road users. Traffic calming measures, such as the example in Figure 3.4, may include speed cushions, chicanes, roadway narrowing or centreline bollards. The goal of all traffic calming measures on these corridors is to reduce vehicle speeds and in turn reduce the speed differential between motor vehicles and active transportation users. In addition to traffic calming, Greenways should also incorporate elements of traffic diversion, including Active Transportation Master Plan | 42 modal filters (traffic management measures that restrict through-movement by motor vehicles while allowing walking, cycling, and other permitted modes to pass through like shown in Figure 3.5), directional closures, one-way streets and full roadway closures in certain areas to reduce through movements of vehicles. Where appropriate and where vehicle speeds are already very low, stop signs may be placed on side streets instead of the Greenway to allow for active transportation users to maintain a comfortable tra vel speed. Figure 3.4: Traffic Calming with Flexible Bollards and Centreline Signs, Ottawa Active Transportation Master Plan | 43 Figure 3.5: Traffic Calming and Access Restriction with Concrete Planters, Ottawa Rural Routes Rural Routes provide cycling connections outside of the urban area, typically connecting to hamlets, adjacent urban centres, neighbouring municipalities, or agricultural employment areas. Rural Routes may be used for both recreation and utility purposes. People working in rural areas and those who live in rural areas of Clarington or in adjoining communities may cycle using Rural Routes as a practical transportation mode. Recreational cyclists may use Rural Routes for exercise and sport. Dedicated space separate from vehicle lanes is important for creating comfortable and safe cycling facilities as vehicle operating speeds are typically higher in rural area. Rural Routes are typically recommended to include a paved shoulder (with or without a buffer) such as the example in Figure 3.6, or a separate multi-use path depending on the characteristics of the roadway and the anticipated usage of the route. Active Transportation Master Plan | 44 Figure 3.6: Rural Paved Shoulder, Aurora Map 3. 1: Active Transportation Network Hierarchy - Clarington-wide Map 3. 2: Active Transportation Network Hierarchy - Courtice and Bowmanville Map 3. 3: Active Transportation Network Hierarchy - Newcastle and Orono 3.1.2 Route Selection Criteria Route selection criteria were used to identify candidate routes and to prioritize future investments into active transportation projects. Criteria for route selection are based on active transportation network development guidelines and established best practices, while respecting the local context. It is important to note that while the criteria will form the foundation of candidate route evaluation, they should not preclude projects that have a high level of public demand, nor those that have been identified in previous planning processes, from moving forward. The criteria used to develop the Active Transportation Network included: 1. Network Connectivity: Active transportation routes should provide a consistent user experience, with comfortable, continuous routes throughout Clarington that direct users to prominent, high-use destinations. Utilitarian active transportation users prioritize route directness more than motorists because a longer trip not only takes more time but also requires more physical exertion. Routes that close gaps in existing routes or provide an opportunity for a consistent active transportation corridor should be prioritized. 2. Safety and Accessibility: Active transportation routes should be designed to improve safety and enhance accessibility. Routes are prioritized based on their degree of safety improvement compared with current conditions. 3. Social and Economic Trends: Social and economic trends shape the behaviours and habits of residents and workers within a community. It is crucial to examine factors like age demographics, income levels, employment status, and car ownership, as they can help explain current and future travel patterns. Active transportation routes will be more effectively utilized if they are supporting the contextual trends of the location they are based in. 4. Attractiveness: Active transportation facilities should take advantage of an area’s local scenery. They should provide connections to parks and green spaces and enhance opportunities for residents to engage with natural areas regularly. Urban environments often have unique characteristics such as vibrant main streets and areas with local business that should also be taken advantage of as key destinations accessed by active transportation facilities. As scenic active transportation corridors have a high potential for increased usage, it is beneficial to capitalize on opportunities to improve the public realm. Such as enhanced access to local businesses, community centers and public parks, alongside the development of these facilities. 5. Feasibility: Projects should be evaluated based on the level of capital investment required, their alignment with existing capital works projects and property ownership constraints to ensure that proposed routes have a high Active Transportation Master Plan | 49 degree of constructability during the lifespan of the ATMP. Large barriers that will impact constructability based on significant cost include the presence of bridges, watercourses, highways, and steep grades. By evaluating potential routes through chosen criteria, routes and investments in active transportation infrastructure will support active transportation and advance the Municipality's strategic goals. 3.1.3 Urban and Rural Connectivity In order to create a safe, comfortable and enjoyable active transportation network, connectivity of routes is critical. This can present challenges, particularly in the context of the Municipality of Clarington where each urban centre is separated by a rur al landscape. Urban and rural routes and the types of users of these routes typically differ as do the design guidelines that support this infrastructure. Urban areas contain the highest population density and built infrastructure within a municipality. Routes within urban areas typically connect users to major nodes and destinations such as schools, places of work and hospitals, and facilitate the transportation of goods and services. Urban routes are mainly used for utility purposes but also support recreational uses. They are often shorter in distance and have a higher volume of motor vehicle traffic and non-motorized vehicle use which can be overwhelming for some active transportation users. People may use these routes to travel into the urban areas from neighbouring communities and from rural areas for work and utilitarian purposes (to get groceries, attend appointments etc.). Urban routes prioritize connections between these key destinations and residential areas to enable these types of trips. Rural connectivity focuses on linking rural communities, employment areas, and destinations to urban centres through continuous, longer-distance active transportation routes, such as Figure 3.7. These routes support both utilitarian travel, such as commuting and accessing services, and recreational use, recognizing the greater distances, higher travel speeds, and different roadway contexts that characterize rural areas. . Active Transportation Master Plan | 50 Figure 3.7: Paved Shoulders on Trulls Road 3.1.4 On and Off-Road Connectivity On and off-road active transportation facilities will be used to create a well-connected active transportation network. Urban areas in Clarington contain many multi-use trails that are completely separated from vehicle traffic, such as the Bowmanville Cree k Trail, Soper Creek Trail (Figure 3.8), and Farewell Creek Trail. Parts of the Waterfront Trail are also separated from vehicle traffic. These trails provide the opportunity for safe and comfortable active transportation routes with little or no exposure to vehicle traffic, creating routes that can be enjoyed and used by people of All Ages and Abilities. Trails will complement the on-road active transportation networks and provide alternate parallel routes, especially in urban areas and along the waterfront. These routes may not be as direct as on-road routes but provide a high level of comfort instead. Active Transportation Master Plan | 51 Figure 3.8: Soper Creek Trail, Bowmanville 3.1.5 Major Road Corridors Major road corridors play an important role in the overall transportation network in providing the most direct, and often fastest route to major destinations. Typically, within the Municipality of Clarington, these major road corridors are Regional Roads, which can sometimes limit opportunities to integrate them into the Active Transportation Network. In recent years, the Region of Durham has been upgrading and widening many Regional Roads, allowing the Municipality to implement multi -use paths, creating safer and more direct opportunities for people cycling, scootering, or wheeling. The development of the ATMP considered locations where existing and proposed active transportation infrastructure on Regional Roads will complement the municipal active transportation network and allow for current gaps to be connected. Where active transportation facilities are proposed on Regional Roads they will form Regional Spine Routes within the network. Active Transportation Master Plan | 52 Clarington roads that form major corridors were leveraged as Spine Routes within the active transportation network and will be designed to provide physical separation or protection for people cycling, scootering, or wheeling. In the short term, sidewalks m ay be replaced with multi-use paths or bicycle lanes may be upgraded to protected bicycle lanes. Major road reconstructions may consider including cycle tracks on both sides of the road to provide improved access to destinations. Several major corridors have been identified to be protected as Future Active Transportation Protected Corridors on Map 3.1. All Ages and Abilities active transportation facilities may not be constructed on these corridors within the horizon of this plan due to various factors. These corridors include: • Highway 2 from Courtice to Bowmanville: Active transportation facilities are not identified in the Region’s Cycling Network. This corridor will be protected to allow for the future construction of a multi-use path or other physically separated facility as a priority connection between Courtice, Bowmanville, and Oshawa. • Highway 2 and King Avenue West (Newcastle): The corridor identified is not currently in the Region’s Cycling Network. This corridor will be protected to allow for a multi-use path connection from the west limit of Newcastle to the Lion’s Trail and downtown Newcastle. • Baseline Road (Courtice): Baseline Road through the urban area of Courtice is currently being reconstructed to include bicycle lanes. However, the traffic volumes are very high and require more separation to meet the guidelines of OTM Book 18. This corridor will be planned for physically separated facilities as opportunities arise through redevelopment or future construction. • Bowmanville Avenue & Highway 401 Interchange: The existing overpass does not have enough width for a physically separated active transportation facility. When the overpass is reconstructed, it will be a priority to provide a physically separated facility. • Liberty Street Highway 401 Underpass: The existing underpass is too narrow for an active transportation facility. When the opportunity arises through reconstruction, a future crossing of Highway 401 should include physically separated active transportation facilities and a connection will be made on Lake Road to East Shore Drive. • West Beach Road Bridge: When the bridge on West Beach Road is replaced, provide a multi-use path to connect sections of the Waterfront Trail on each side of Soper Creek. Active Transportation Master Plan | 53 3.1.6 Major Crossings Clarington has several major physical barriers to creating a well-connected Active Transportation Network between communities and major destinations. These barriers include provincial highways, rail corridors, creeks, and inaccessible privately owned lands. The most significant barriers in Clarington include Highway 401, Highway 35/115, and Highway 407. The highways that divide the municipality have limited crossing points and the bridges and underpasses that cross these highways are typically limited in width. The most direct routes between communities are also often Regional Roads, on which Clarington cannot reallocate vehicle lane space for active transportation facilities. To develop active transportation crossings of highways, the Active Transportation Network leverages existing locations where Clarington roads and trails cross to provide safer routes. Due to the expensive nature of constructing and widening highway underpasses and overpasses, some proposed crossings for active transportation will have to be planned for and implemented in the long-term as major construction projects. These long-term projects in the network include: • Highway 401 crossing from South Courtice to the waterfront: Options for this crossing could include a dedicated active transportation bridge or underpass or separated active transportation facilities included in improvements to the Courtice Road interchange. • Holt Road interchange: Retrofitting the Holt Road/Highway 401 interchange to provide separated facilities for active transportation or providing separated facilities when the interchange is reconstructed. • Future Lambs Road interchange: Providing separated active transportation facilities on the future Lambs Road interchange at Highway 401. Active Transportation Master Plan | 54 Chapter 4: Implementation 4.1 Facility Types The proposed facilities follow the facility selection process detailed in Ontario Traffic Manual (OTM) Book 18. The types of facilities proposed for the network are illustrated on Map 4.1, Map 4.1a, and Map 4.1b. 4.1.1 Pedestrian facilities Sidewalks Sidewalks (Figure 4.1) are intended exclusively for pedestrian use and are typically aligned parallel with the roadway. At minimum sidewalks should be 1.5 m in width but are preferred to be 1.8 m in width to accommodate all modes of mobility including accessibility devices such as wheelchairs. A width of 2.0 m is recommended in areas with high volumes of pedestrian foot traffic. Figure 4.1: Wide, Concrete Sidewalk to Accommodate all Users Map 4. 1: Proposed Active Transportation Facilities - Clarington-wide Map 4.1 a: Proposed Active Transportation Facilities - Courtice and Bowmanville Map 4.1 b: Proposed Active Transportation Facilities - Newcastle and Orono 4.2 Active Transportation Facilities 4.2.1 Physically Separated Active Transportation Facilities Protected Bike Lanes Protected bike lanes are bicycle lanes that are separated from adjacent motor vehicle lanes by a horizontal buffer and separation elements that restrict encroachment of traffic (Figure 4.2). This may be a painted buffer with physical separation elements such as concrete curbs, bollards, and concrete barriers or planters. Protected bicycle lanes should be a minimum width of 1.5 m with the addition of a 0.3 m buffer, with a desired width of 1.8 m plus and a 1.0 m buffer. Figure 4.2: Bollards and Concrete Curbs are Used to Create a Protected Bicycle Lane Within a City Street Cycle Tracks Cycle tracks are another form of separated bike lane where the facility is within the boulevard and is horizontally and vertically separated from the travelled portion of the roadway by a curb, in addition to a horizontal buffer (Figure 4.3). Cycle tracks often travel parallel to the sidewalk but are designated exclusively for use by cyclists. Cycle Active Transportation Master Plan | 59 tracks can be one-way, with a desired width of 2.0-2.5 m or two-way, with a desired width of 3.5-4.0 m. Bike lanes and Cycle Tracks are commonly designated by two white symbols: a diamond and an image of a bicycle (Figure 4.4). The diamond symbol should be positioned centrally within the bike lane. A directional arrow may be used when and if the direction of travel is unclear. Figure 4.3: A Separated and Protected Cycle Track Next to Motor Vehicles Active Transportation Master Plan | 60 Figure 4.4: Design Specifications for Transportation Road Markings (Source: OTM Book 18) Active Transportation Master Plan | 61 4.2.2 Designated Space Active Transportation Facilities Bicycle Lanes A conventional bicycle lane is a portion of a roadway designated by pavement markings and signage for preferential or exclusive use by people riding bikes (Figure 4.5). This facility type is best suited for two-lane roadways with motor vehicle speeds of 50 km/h or less and low-to-moderate volumes of motor vehicle traffic. Bicycle lanes should be a minimum width of 1.5 m, however 1.8 m is desirable. The implementation of an additional 0.6 m-1.0 m buffer should be considered when traffic volumes are high and or adjacent to on-street parking. Conventional bike lanes (and paved shoulders) are defined using a 100 mm wide solid white edge line which is located between the bicycle lane (or paved shoulder) and the utilized portion of the roadway. Motor vehicles are not permitted to cross into this s pace. Figure 4.5: A Painted Conventional Bicycle Lane, with a Sign Stating that Vehicles are Prohibited from Stopping within the Bicycle Lane Active Transportation Master Plan | 62 4.2.3 Shared Space Multi-Use Paths Multi-use Paths (MUP) are shared pathways, intended to be used by pedestrians and cyclists, that typically run along the roadway but are separated vertically and horizontally from motor vehicle travel by a curb or other physical barrier in addition to a buffer (Figure 4.6). The minimum width of a MUP depends on the facility volume, with low-to-moderate volume MUPs recommended to be at minimum 3.0 m in width, while high-volume MUPs may be 4.0 m or greater. MUPs may be reduced below this width in constrained areas. Figure 4.6: An Asphalt Multi-Use Pathway, with a Sign Designating it as a Shared Pathway Active Transportation Master Plan | 63 Paved Shoulders A paved shoulder is a portion of a roadway which is contiguous with the travelled way and provides lateral support for the pavement structure (Figure 4.7). It can provide cyclists with an area that is separated from motor travel with a pavement marking, however it is not typically marked as a formal facility. Paved shoulders are often located on rural roads and are recommended to be at minimum 1.5 m wide, with a preferred 2.0 m width. Paved ‘urban’ shoulders may also be used within urban areas where there is the absence of other active transportation facilities. They are similar to designated cycle lanes; however, they are not formalized facilities and are often used to narrow motor vehicle lanes and encourage reduced vehicle speeds. Cyclists must travel in the same direction as the motor vehicle traffic. Figure 4.7: A White Line Designates a Paved Shoulder on a Roadway Active Transportation Master Plan | 64 Advisory Bicycle Lanes Advisory bicycle lanes are a shared roadway facility where cycling space is indicated by dashed lane lines, with no road centerline (Figure 4.8). Motor vehicles use the center space for two-way travel, sharing the road with cyclists. Advisory bike lanes are only appropriate on streets where motor vehicle speed and traffic volumes are low. The minimum width of this facility is 1.5 m, with a desired width between 1.8-2.0 m. A dashed white bicycle lane line is used here, which allows motor vehicles to cross into the bike lane, usually on approach to some intersections. Pavement markings called shared use arrows (sharrows) can also accompany advisory bike lanes. Sharrows are not categorized as a distinct type of cycling facility but rather considered an optional measure. They can be helpful in clarifying the preferred lateral positioning for both motorists and cyclists within mixed traffic settings but should not be used to replace a dedicated facility. Figure 4.8: Unidirectional Advisory Bike Lanes with Vehicles in a Two-Way Travel Lane Sharing the Right-of-Way with Cyclists in the Advisory Bike Lane Active Transportation Master Plan | 65 Neighbourhood Greenways Neighbourhood greenways, also known as neighbourhood bikeways, are streets with low-speed and low-volume motor traffic that prioritize travel by bicycle (Figure 4.9). Neighbourhood greenways usually have direct access to residential dwellings and are not intended to serve a through traffic function for motor vehicle traffic. Design elements such as speed management, signs and pavement markings, intersection treatments and traffic reduction are meant to prioritize movements for people using active transportation modes, while reducing cut through traffic on roads that are often residential streets. Figure 4.9: Traffic Calming (left) and Diversion (right) Measures for Neighbourhood Greenways, Peterborough Active Transportation Master Plan | 66 4.3 Intersection Treatments Protected Intersections Protected intersections are an emerging intersection treatment in Ontario at intersections where two cycling routes intersect. They are often implemented on major roads where there is a higher risk due to turning vehicles. Protected intersections provide key features that improve safety for cyclists and pedestrians. Elements that improve safety include: • Pedestrian refuge areas that reduce crossing distance s • Corner islands that separate turning traffic from queued cyclists • Setback crossings that offset cyclists and pedestrians from turning vehicles • Forward cyclist queuing areas that allow cyclists to enter the intersection first and improve visibility Many municipalities in Ontario are starting to implement protected intersections throughout their cycling networks. The Ontario Traffic Council’s Protected Intersection Guide provides guidelines for the design and implementation of protected intersections. Figure 4.10: Protected Intersection, Burlington Active Transportation Master Plan | 67 Shared Corners Shared corners, also known as mixed corners, refer to the corners of intersections where cyclists and pedestrians occupy the same area (Figure 4.11). In environments with low traffic volume, where pedestrians and cyclists are accommodated together midblock, mixed corners can streamline signage, maintenance, navigation, and corner construction. However, since users do not have designated spaces, mixed corners can lead to heightened potential for conflicts. Figure 4.11: A Multi-Use Path Transitions to a Shared Corner, Peterborough Active Transportation Master Plan | 68 Adjacent Crossings Adjacent crossings are considered as an alternative to protected intersections depending on the design context. An adjacent crossing refers to an intersection element where a bicycle path crosses a vehicle lane positioned less than 2 meters away (Figure 4.12). Cyclists navigate alongside motor vehicle traffic when approaching and passing through an intersection. It includes features such as two-stage left turn queue boxes, specialized traffic signal phasing for cyclists, and improved pavement markings to enhance safety and efficiency for cyclists passing through the intersection. Figure 4.12: Adjacent Crossing Treatments at an Intersection, Including a Left Turn Queue Box and Improved Pavement Markings Active Transportation Master Plan | 69 4.4 Network Phasing The short, medium, and long-term phases of the Active Transportation network are outlined on Map 4.2, Map 4.2a and Map 4.2b. Refer to these maps for a visual representation of the network phases. The lengths of each active transportation facility type proposed for each phase are shown in Table 4.1. Table 4.1: Network Phasing Facility Type Short-term Length (km) Medium-term Length (km) Long-term Length (km) Multi-use Path 4.1 18.0 21.3 Cycle Track - - 3.4 Separated Bicycle Lane 9.9 13.9 6.1 Bicycle Lane 19.9 6.8 8.2 Neighbourhood Greenway 45.3 2.6 - Paved Shoulder with Buffer - - 2.0 Paved Shoulder - 25.3 48.2 Signed Route 16.3 3.0 11.5 Trails 2.1 2.1 1.0 Total 97.5 71.8 101.6 Map 4. 2: Network Phasing - Clarington-wide Map 4.2 a: Network Phasing - Courtice and Bowmanville Map 4.2 b: Network Phasing - Newcastle and Orono 4.5 Retrofit and Road Construction Strategies Several strategies may be used to accelerate the construction of permanent facilities in the ultimate Active Transportation Network. These strategies include: Retrofitting Roadways: Funding opportunities may arise that allow for the accelerated implementation of permanent cycling facilities of the ultimate Active Transportation Network. Roadways may be retrofitted with protected cycling facilities within the existing curb to curb width or behind the existing curbs, allowing for permanent cycling facilities to be completed before an opportunity to align the construction with infrastructure renewal arises. Bundling with Other Infrastructure Projects: Integration of construction of All Ages and Abilities active transportation infrastructure should be coordinated throughout all infrastructure projects on Municipal and Regional roads, where possible. Wherever construction is planned on the ultimate Active Transportation Network, whether it is for a road, sewer or watermain project, the construction of permanent cycling facilities should be considered in the scope of work. Bundling Multiple Projects as a Single Procurement: Bundling multiple projects for a single procurement is administratively more efficient and can reduce per -item costs by increasing quantities. This method is best suited for a group of projects with similar materials and design treatments. Taking Advantage of Resurfacing Contracts: Resurfacing a street creates a blank canvas and can be the most cost-efficient way to implement a new bikeway. Many municipalities use on-call markings contracts for routine markings work after resurfacing, paying by the linear foot as needed. These contracts can be written to include additional materials and means of separation, as well as pavement colour treatments for bikeways, bus lanes, and pedestrian spaces. Active Transportation Master Plan | 74 4.6 Monitoring Strategies A monitoring and data collection strategy is essential to evaluating the success of the ATMP over time. Collecting data on and evaluating user behavior and travel patterns is crucial for determining whether the network’s facilities and ATMP’s programs are meeting their intended goals and objectives. Ultimately, this allows the Municipality to best respond to the active transportation needs of all of its residents. It is recommended to consider education, guidelines and processes in the transportation field that could help ensure that the monitoring and data collection processes are developed with an equitable lens. Regular evaluation through monitoring programs and key performance indicators (KPIs) can effectively examine user performance, levels of use, and other factors for active transportation facilities on an annual basis. This data provides valuable insights that can guide future decision-making, prioritize projects and budget allocation, as well as identify where adjustments might be needed. Monitoring and reporting can also help demonstrate the value and impact of active transportation projects to citizens and elected officials, increasing awareness and support for active transportation initiatives within the community. Active Transportation Master Plan | 75 4.6.1 Key Performance Indicators Specific and measurable metrics should be utilized to evaluate the success of specific aspects of the ATMP’s implementation. These metrics could be monitored and reported annually to develop a baseline and data trends for the active transportation network within Clarington. Examples of key performance indicators are included in Table 4.2. Table 4.2: Key Performance Indicators Indicator Measurements Usage • Cyclist and pedestrian counts (#) • Percent of children who walk or bike to school (%) • Percent of seniors who walk or bike (%) Safety • Number of reported pedestrian or cyclist incidents (#) Bike Parking • Number of short-term bike parking spots (#) on Municipal property • Use of bike parking spots (#) Signage & Wayfinding • Installation of signage features (#) • Number of network wayfinding complaints (#) • Opinion of different user groups (Likert scale) Percentage of ATMP Implemented • Percentage of projects completed (%) Equity of Network Coverage • Demographic composition of residents within a defined radius of the implemented network and associated infrastructure. Active Transportation Master Plan | 76 4.6.2 Monitoring and Reporting Programs Monitoring and evaluation programs are designed to track and assess the ATMP’s implementation and progress over time. The data collected should be regularly evaluated. The recommended programs to support monitoring and evaluation of the ATMP are summarized in Table 4.3. Table 4.3: Monitoring and Reporting Programs Program or Mechanism Description Method Short-term Active Transportation Count Program Manually collect and document cyclist and pedestrian activity during the peak activity periods. Manual counters should be at key destinations between May and August for 1–2-hour intervals per location, collecting data during morning, afternoon, and weekend peak periods. Counts can be conducted by summer students in the short-term through grants for summer student job funding. Automated Counters Monitor active transportation users on key facilities with automated counters for extended time. Information provided by automated counters will allow for a data-driven approach to ATMP updates. Automated counters could be placed on Spine routes within the Municipality that create key connections, such as Bowmanville Avenue or Trulls Road. As more automated counters are installed, they should be focused on other Spine routes and lower order cycling routes. Bike Parking Availability Monitor bike parking availability at destination areas during peak times. Regular checks of bike parking (e.g., bike racks) at key destinations within Active Transportation Master Plan | 77 Program or Mechanism Description Method the Municipality during weekdays and peak cycle-tourism times. As bike parking approaches capacity during peak times, explore opportunities for additional bike rack locations. Monitoring Demographic and Travel Trends Monitor trends for demographic changes. Monitor changes in demographics and travel trends in the municipality as updated data is released, including the Census and Transportation Tomorrow Survey. Updated data should be reviewed through the update cycle for the ATMP. Active Transportation Master Plan | 78 Chapter 5: Active Transportation Supportive Policies Supporting the ATMP will require the Municipality of Clarington to enable active transportation through both physical and social infrastructure. The following policies provide direction for other types of physical infrastructure not yet discussed in the ATMP and enable the development of social infrastructure for active transportation. These policies directly reflect the vision statement and objectives of Clarington’s ATMP and are aligned with the existing policy framework of the Municipality. These recommendations aim to enhance and align with the existing design guidelines, ensuring a cohesive and comprehensive approach. The following four (4) policies target key elements for supporting the growth and uptake of active transportation within the Municipality of Clarington. These policies include actions aimed at Improving Accessibility throughout the Active Transportation Network, Enhancing Supportive Amenities throughout the Active Transportation Network, Maintaining the Active Transportation Network, and Supporting Micromobility. This chapter provides details on how each policy and its recommendations can help support active transportation in Clarington. 5.1 Policy #1: Accessibility and Inclusion for Active Transportation Universal accessibility is crucial to making walking and cycling feasible modes of travel for people. The Region of Durham as a whole is committed to supporting the planning, implementation and promotion of an accessible cycling network that accommodates people of All Ages and Abilities in their municipalities, as outlined in the 2021 Regional Cycling Plan. Clarington has specifically expressed their goal to improve accessibility and improve inclusivity by reducing barriers to municipal infrastructure, programs and services, as outlined in the 2024-27 Strategic Plan. Designing for inclusivity of All Ages and Abilities (AAA) is outlined in the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) “Urban Bikeway Design Guide” and the subsequent “Designing for All Ages and Abilities” report. Typically, transportation systems have not been designed in a value -neutral way, and underprivileged and marginalized communities have been neglected by implicit and explicit bias in the transportation planning process. This includes children, seniors, women, people using active transportation, racialized people, low-income active transportation users, people with disabilities, and people moving goods or cargo. Active Transportation Master Plan | 79 5.1.1 AODA Standards Accessibility for active transportation infrastructure in Ontario is governed by the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA), which establishes legislated requirements for the identification, prevention, and removal of barriers in public spaces. Legislated Requirements The AODA and its associated regulations set out mandatory requirements that apply primarily to new construction and major retrofits of public spaces. These requirements address elements such as accessible pedestrian routes, curb ramps, accessible pedestrian signals, and other prescribed features. Municipalities are required to comply with these standards when planning, designing, constructing, and ope rating applicable public infrastructure. In Clarington, legislated accessibility requirements are implemented through the Municipality’s Multi-Year Accessibility Plan and related municipal accessibility policies, which are updated regularly to reflect current legislation. Clarington Accessible Design Standards (CADS) For applicable municipal active transportation capital projects (new construction and major retrofits), the Clarington Accessibility Design Standards (CADS) (2024), should be consulted and applied. Best Practice Guidance In addition to legislated requirements, a range of best practice design guidance exists to support inclusive and accessible active transportation environments. Where such guidance includes numerical criteria or design approaches that exceed AODA requirements, these are intended to inform design decisions and do not represent minimum or mandatory standards. Best practice guidance should be applied in a context-sensitive manner, taking into account site conditions, feasibility, and project scope. Active Transportation Master Plan | 80 Consultation-based Design Considerations Meaningful consultation with people with disabilities, accessibility advocates, and the public is an important component of accessible design. Feedback received through consultation can help inform design decisions, identify local barriers, and improve user experience, particularly where flexibility exists beyond legislated requirements. The Clarington Accessibility Advisory Committee (CAAC) provides ongoing advice and input to support the Municipality’s commitment to accessibility and inclusive public spaces. 5.1.2 All Ages and Abilities Active Transportation Facilities Historically, active transportation design principles have favoured very confident riders, who tend to be those persons who are more oriented towards cycling for sport. Instead, the All Ages and Abilities (AAA) approach encompasses the idea of creating an active transportation network that is safe, comfortable, and equitable given a diverse range of users and devices of varying sizes, speeds, and operating characteristics. Some examples of different road users include those walking, using personal mobility devices (wheelchairs, mobility scooters, cycling, and using other human -powered devices (skateboards, rollerblades, scooters). The National Association for City Transportation Officials’ (NACTO) Designing For All Ages and Abilities guide provides contextual guidance for high-comfort bicycle facilities and provides detailed guidance on which AAA active transportation facility to implement in what context based on a variety of roadway characteristics such as the number of vehicle lanes, vehicle volume and speed. NACTO describes AAA active transportation facilities as: • Safe: More people will use active transportation options when they have safe places to ride, and more active transportation users mean safer streets. Better active transportation facilities are directly correlated with increased safety for people driving and walking, reducing injury due to crashes for all road users. • Comfortable: Active transportation facilities that provide comfortable, low-stress conditions can encourage and promote this type of transportation. • Equitable: High-quality active transportation facilities expand opportunities to ride/wheel and encourage safe riding. Active Transportation Master Plan | 81 Designing cycling facilities for AAA at intersections should consider signalization strategies as an important conflict management approach. Signalization strategies can be used in various ways to enhance accessibility and safer cycling and pedestrian experiences, including: • Signalization to separate high volumes of conflicting movements, such as leading pedestrian/bicycle intervals. • Protected signal phases for motor vehicles. • No right turn on red (NRTOR) restrictions. • Determining pedestrian clearance times using slower walking speeds. 5.1.3 All Ages and Abilities Pedestrian Facilities Universal accessibility for pedestrian networks can be improved by creating walkways, multi-use paths, and other pedestrian facilities that improve comfort for all users, decrease complexity and provide tactile guidance. Sidewalk Widths Sidewalks must be designed and constructed to meet the minimum width requirement of 1.5 meters under AODA. However, wider sidewalks may be desired to allow space that is more appropriate for a wider range of users. The Transportation Association of Canada (TAC) Geometric Design Guide for Canadian Roads states that a sidewalk width of 1.8 metres is recommended as a minimum width that allows two people using mobility devices to pass each other. Sidewalks with a width of 2 meters or more can provide additional space for two people walking together while communicating in sign language, allowing them to discuss their route of travel, or for a person walking with a guide animal to walk with another pedestrian. Tactile Walking Surface Indicators Complexity in pedestrian facilities should be minimized, by providing straight and direct paths of travel where possible. However, road crossings, intersections, and active transportation facilities can create additional complexity. Additional guidance can be provided by installing attention tactile walking surface indicators (TWSIs) and directional TWSIs. Active Transportation Master Plan | 82 Where TWSIs are provided, they should be designed and installed in accordance with the Clarington Accessibility Design Standards (CADS) requirements for TWSI design and placement (including contrast, glare/finish, detectability, and beveled/flush edges). • Attention TWSIs provide a tactile warning that a pedestrian is entering an area with a potential conflict, such as crossing the roadway or crossing an active transportation facility. Attention TWSIs are typically designed as metal plates with raised domes. • Directional TWSIs provide directional tactile guidance at complex intersections, such as where the intersection is skewed, or in complex environments such as transit stops or terminals. Directional TWSIs are typically designed as small metal plates with raised lines in the direction of travel. Where sidewalks are next to a dedicated active transportation facility, such as a cycle track, tactile delineation is recommended between the facilities such that pedestrians with low vision are made aware of the transition to avoid errantly traveling into the active transportation facility. Guidelines on tactile delineation are changing throughout Ontario, but best practices are moving towards providing a half-height curb, with a minimum height of 50 millimeters to be cane-detectable. Increasing the separation between cycle tracks and the sidewalk with a grass strip or plantings can also provide tactile guidance. Intersections Designing AAA intersections should include the following: • Pedestrian walking phases should be long enough to accommodate a slower walking speed. • Accessible pedestrian signals at signalized intersections provide an audible tone to help pedestrians with low vision locate the opposite side of the crosswalk. o The Region of Durham’s Accessible Pedestrian Crossing Signals outlines two sounds that are used to point out the direction of traffic and which light is on, indicating the right of way a pedestrian has (ea st-west or north- south). • Intersections should be designed to avoid long crossing distances. • Benches or sitting areas should be provided to allow pedestrians who may be less mobile to rest after walking longer distances. • TWSIs should also be used to indicate the presence of curb ramps, which assist individuals with disabilities in safely and autonomously navigating changes in elevation on public sidewalks and other pedestrian pathways. When pedestrians Active Transportation Master Plan | 83 need to cross a road or access a roadway to board a vehicle, a curb ramp offers a seamless transition for those who use mobility aids. • A curb ramp, (AODA Integrated Accessibility Standards Section 80.26) and depressed curb (AODA Integrated Accessibility Standards Section 80.27) should both implemented at intersections. • Continuous sidewalks may be considered as a new facility type through the ATMP, to be used at intersections to provide clear guidance to drivers that pedestrians have the right of way. 5.1.4 Inclusive Design Designing inclusive transportation infrastructure involves acknowledging the significance of safety, both in reality and perception, for people of all ages, abilities, and backgrounds. Various factors impact the safety of travel for different user groups, including: • Snow and ice removal • Extreme weather like high winds or sun • High vehicle speeds and traffic volumes • Lane quantity and separation from vehicles When safety concerns constrain someone's travel options, their access to destinations becomes limited. Inclusive design means accounting for diverse needs in infrastructure. This considers individuals that: • Need more space between vehicle traffic and the sidewalk/bike pathways for safety based on their mobility device • Require seating and shade • Need presence of lighting and passive surveillance Clarington’s ATMP will prioritize accessibility, meeting or exceeding AODA standards and improving active transportation options for people of All Ages and Abilities. Clarington will continue to consult with their Accessibility Advisory Committee prior to redeveloping or constructing new public spaces, as outlined in their Multi -Year Accessibility Plan. As Clarington continues to grow and change, its active transporta tion network must adapt accordingly and prioritize the needs of underrepresented groups that face barriers to travelling to/within/from the Municipality. The recommended policies for accessibility and inclusion are shown in Table 5.1. Active Transportation Master Plan | 84 Table 5.1: Accessibility and Inclusion Policies Policy Statement Policy Objectives 1.1 Provide Accessible Sidewalks Widths Consider updating the Clarington Accessible Design Standards to include a minimum sidewalk width of 1.8 meters on all roads to allow for two people using wheelchairs/mobility devices to pass each other, when feasible. Consider a sidewalk width of 2 meters or more in areas close to key destinations and with high pedestrian traffic. 1.2 Provide Accessible Sidewalk Surfaces Improve accessibility by replacing existing sidewalks where they are deteriorating and in tandem with capital works and road rehabilitation projects to allow for ease of use by wheelchairs and other mobility devices. 1.3 Provide Tactile Features and Separation Review the Clarington Accessible Design Standards to recommend a guidelines to provide a bevelled curb at a minimum height of 50 mm to be cane detectable (half-height curb) when sidewalks are immediately adjacent to in- boulevard dedicated active transportation facilities. Install attention tactile walking surface indicators (TWSIs) in accordance with CADS specifications. Provide directional tactile guidance at complex intersections, such as where the intersection is skewed, or in complex environments such as transit stops or terminals. 1.4 Make Intersections Safe for Pedestrians Ensure compliance with the Region of Durham’s guidance on Accessible Pedestrian Crossings. Ensure that appropriate timing is used for pedestrian phases at signalized intersections. • Use a walking speed of 1.0 m/s to calculate the pedestrian clearance interval. Active Transportation Master Plan | 85 Policy Statement Policy Objectives • Consider using a slower walking speed in areas with high volumes of pedestrians or crossings frequently used by young children or seniors. Consider people living with neurodivergence by testing APS tones through consultation with Clarington’s Accessibility Advisory Committee (CAAC) 1.5 Develop Pedestrian Crossing program Develop a program for the review and installation of new pedestrian crossovers (PXOs) or mid-block pedestrian signals in school areas, areas with seniors’ residences, and high-density areas. The installation of new pedestrian crossings is subject to demand and engineering analysis. While the identified locations are appropriate candidates, implementation is to be based on established warrant criteria, including pedestrian volumes, traffic volumes, sight distance, roadway classification, and overall safety considerations. 1.6 Make Intersections Safe for Cycling and Micromobility Adopt current best practices to inform the development of municipal guidelines and engineering standards for improved intersection cycling and micromobility treatments, including setback crossings, adjacent crossings, and protected intersections. The selection and application of these treatments will be subject to feasibility considerations, including available right-of-way, existing intersection geometry, sightlines, utilities, and operational requirements for all road users. Where appropriate and feasible, consider signal-based measures such as No Right Turn on Red (NRTOR), Leading Pedestrian and Bicycle Intervals (LPI/LBI), and protected signal phasing at intersections along the cycling network where there is a higher potential for conflicts with turning motor vehicles. Signal-related treatments are subject to coordination with the Region of Durham, which operates and Active Transportation Master Plan | 86 Policy Statement Policy Objectives maintains traffic signals within the Municipality of Clarington, and will require review and approval through applicable regional processes. 1.7 Incorporate Accessible Transit Stops Work with Durham Region Transit to implement approved standards for accessible transit stops at active transportation facilities 1.8 Incorporate Inclusive Design into Active Transportation Facilities Provide active transportation infrastructure that is appropriately lit and maintained, with consistent lighting prioritized in urban areas, town centres, and along routes serving key destinations such as schools, transit stops, community facilities, and commercial areas. Lighting expectations are to reflect context, recognizing that full network lighting is not feasible or appropriate on all rural routes due to right-of-way, environmental, implementation, and long-term maintenance considerations. This policy works in conjunction with the enhanced maintenance standards outlined in Policy #3: Maintaining the Active Transportation Network, and supports the collaborative development of a monitoring program with equity-deserving groups identified in Chapter 4. Ongoing engagement and monitoring will help ensure that inclusive design measures respond to the needs of different communities and inform future improvements over time. Active Transportation Master Plan | 87 5.2 Policy #2: Enhancing Supportive Amenities throughout the Active Transportation Network Supporting Active Transportation uptake goes beyond simply building physical infrastructure and increasing the supply of the All Ages and Abilities network. A culture of active transportation must be fostered, encouraging people to take up and feel comfortable using active transportation as a transportation mode. One way of incentivizing this change is by rolling out Transportation Demand Management (TDM) measures. TDM measures include incentives, promotional initiatives, education, and various measures to influence the who, when, why, where, and how of people's travel decisions. TDM policies in this Plan will be focused on the scope of active transportation supportive TDM measures and policies, which will include amenities and end-of trip facilities. 5.2.1 Bicycle Parking and End of Trip Facilities Bicycle parking and end of trip facilities provide essential facilities for active transportation users at their destinations. End of trip facilities typically include showers, lockers, change rooms, repair stations, and bicycle cleaning stations. Bicycle parking consists of two categories based on user types: • Long-term: should be a secure and sheltered place to store a bicycle. Long-term bicycle parking is usually located within buildings and should be easy to access for cyclists. Users of long-term parking often value security and weather protection as their bicycles can be left for several hours or more. Common user types consist of employees, transit users and residents. Common types of parking include a dedicated room within a building, secure enclosures within a parking garage, and bike lockers. Long-term bicycle parking within multi-storey buildings should be located on the ground floor or as close to the ground floor as possible. • Short-term: should be in a convenient location and easy for visitors to secure their bicycle, typically near building entrance. Users of short-term parking are usually people visiting businesses and institutions, typically lasting up to two hours. Common types of short-term bicycle parking include the inverted U and post & ring style. Recommended bicycle parking rates are provided in Table 5.2. The bicycle parking rates presented are intended to serve as recommended target ranges to inform future updates to the Zoning By-law and to guide development review through the Site Plan Active Transportation Master Plan | 88 Control process. Implementation of these rates may be phased and refined over time, with consideration given to land use context, development scale, and surrounding active transportation and transit infrastructure. Table 5.2: Typical Bicycle Parking Rates Use Suggested Bicycle Parking Rate Multi-residential uses • 0.7 – 0.8 long-term spaces per unit • 0.1 short-term spaces per unit Commercial Uses • 1.0 – 2.0 long-term spaces per 1,000 m2 (GFA) • 2.0 short-term spaces per 1,000 m2 (GFA) Office Uses • 1.0 – 2.0 long-term spaces per 1,000 m2 (GFA) • 1.0 – 2.0 short-term spaces per 1,000 m2 (GFA) Industrial Uses • 0.5 – 1.0 long-term spaces per 1,000 m2 (GFA) Institutional Uses • 1.0 – 1.5 long-term spaces per 1,000 m2 (GFA) • 1.0 – 1.5 short-term spaces per 1,000 m2 (GFA) Elementary/Secondary Schools • 0.6 – 1.0 long-term spaces per 1,000 m2 (GFA) • 0.6 – 1.0 short-term spaces per 1,000 m2 (GFA) Post-Secondary Schools • 6.0 – 10.0 long-term spaces per 1,000 m2 (GFA of offices & classrooms) • 2.0 – 3.0 short-term spaces per 1,000 m2 (GFA of offices & classrooms) Note: Recommended target ranges to inform future Zoning By-law updates and Site Plan review based on rates from the Town of Ajax, City of Mississauga, City of Ottawa, and City of Toronto A minimum of 5% of long-term bicycle parking spaces should be designed to accommodate larger or accessible bicycles, including cargo bicycles, adaptive bicycles, or tricycles (including e-bicycles). Bicycle parking spaces for these larger bicycles Active Transportation Master Plan | 89 should be horizontal and located on the ground (not stacked) with a space at least 1.5 meters wide and 2.4 meters long. End of trip facilities are typically provided where five (5) or more long-term bicycle parking spaces are required. Showers and changerooms are typically recommended when non-residential uses are present in a building. Bicycle repair and cleaning stations are recommended for all uses with five or more long-term bicycle parking spaces. 5.2.2 Network Amenities Network amenities are elements that can be incorporated throughout a network to provide convenience and comfort to users. They can generally improve users’ overall experience using the active transportation network. The location of network amenities should be placed strategically throughout Clarington to enable users to engage with the active transportation networks safely and securely. The implementation of network amenities could enhance connectivity throughout the Municipality and the surrounding areas, as well as draw in more users from the surrounding areas to support Clarington's local economy. Table 5.3 provides a summary of recommended amenities, their spacing/placement and general location throughout the network. Amenities along the active transportation network should be provided in a context-sensitive manner that reflects surrounding land use, user volumes, accessibility needs, and long-term maintenance considerations. The guidance below provides recommended placement frequency and priority locations to support consistent application across the Municipality. Table 5.3: Amenity Types Amenity Description Priority Locations Typical Spacing Wayfinding Wayfinding can be incorporated throughout the network to offer navigation guidance to users. Guidelines on wayfinding placement will be provided through the Wayfinding System Strategy. Decision points, trailheads, network intersections, major destinations, and Urban areas: at all major intersections and key nodes Trails / rural routes: at Active Transportation Master Plan | 90 Amenity Description Priority Locations Typical Spacing transitions between facility types trailheads, junctions, and key access points Washrooms Washrooms can be portable or permanent structures. Providing gender neutral washrooms with floor to ceiling stall coverage is recommended to allow for all users to feel comfortable. Provision of permanent washroom infrastructure is subject to operational constraints, including servicing, maintenance responsibilities, seasonal use, and capital costs, and is to be evaluated based on site-specific context. Major destinations, trailheads, community facilities, parks, waterfronts, and town centres Urban / high-use areas: every 1–2 km, where feasible Trails / rural routes: at trailheads and major rest areas only Potable Water Potable water access along the active transportation network may be provided through a combination of municipally installed infrastructure (such as hose bibs or bottle-filling stations at parks, trailheads, and community facilities) and voluntary participation by local businesses through established refill programs. Bottle-filling stations are recommended over traditional drinking fountains based on current sanitary and maintenance practices. Encouraging local businesses to provide free tap-water refills is Trailheads, parks, community hubs, schools, recreation facilities, and key destinations Urban areas: every 1–2 km along high-use routes Trails / rural routes: at trailheads and major rest areas Active Transportation Master Plan | 91 Amenity Description Priority Locations Typical Spacing intended as guidance rather than a formal municipal program and may be supported through participation in recognized third-party initiatives that promote public access to potable water (such as the Blue W program). Under this approach, businesses voluntarily agree to allow members of the public to refill reusable water bottles during regular business hours, typically identified through window decals and online mapping tools. Municipal involvement is limited to promotion and awareness, with no responsibility for operation, maintenance, or water quality at participating locations. This combined approach has been successfully implemented in other Ontario municipalities, including the Region of Waterloo and the City of Guelph, where public bottle-filling stations are complemented by business-based refill networks to expand access while minimizing municipal infrastructure and maintenance requirements. Waste and Recycling Bins The containers provided can range from standard barrel bins to more innovate models with restricted lids and sensors to indicate when emptying is required. Typically provided at the start of infrastructure and rest stops. At least 1 meter of Trailheads, rest areas, major destinations, and high-use urban corridors Urban areas: every 400– 800 m Trails / rural routes: trailheads Active Transportation Master Plan | 92 Amenity Description Priority Locations Typical Spacing space should be provided both horizontally and laterally from the bin to allow for standing room. Both bins should be placed in periphery to and facing the route, mounted on hard surfaces that are cane-detectable and on visually contrasting material. They should only be placed in areas where Municipal staff that are responsible for emptying them can access them. and designated rest areas only Bicycle parking (e- bikes, e- scooters) E-bikes and e-scooters are generally allowed and can be accommodated where conventional bicycles can park. E-bikes that fall outside of the Highway Traffic Act definition of ‘power-assisted’ bicycle must park on the street like motorcycles do. These areas are usually designated with paint and parking symbols. Electric kick-style e-scooters are governed under Ontario’s provincial pilot program, which requires municipalities to pass a by-law to permit their operation and regulate where they may operate and park. The accommodation and parking of e-scooters within Clarington is therefore subject to current and future municipal and regional by-laws, and may include designated parking areas identified through pavement markings or signage where permitted. Commercial areas, community facilities, transit stops, schools, parks, and trailheads Urban areas: at destinations and every 300–500 m along commercial or mixed-use corridors Trails / rural routes: trailheads and major nodes Active Transportation Master Plan | 93 Amenity Description Priority Locations Typical Spacing Bicycle Repair Stands Bicycle repair stands commonly include tools for conducting basic maintenance and minor repairs, such as fixing a flat tire. Key elements to consider include: • Allowing for the bike to be hung for ease of use • Using durable construction and providing weather protection • Securely attaching tools and air pump to prevent theft Trailheads, major destinations, transit hubs, and high-use cycling corridors Urban areas: every 3–5 km on primary cycling routes Trails: at major trailheads and rest areas only Micromobility Charging Stations Standard charging outlets are appropriate for e-bikes, e-scooters and compatible mobility devices. Adequate, even and smooth space should be provided adjacent to the outlets to allow for at least two devices to charge at the same time. Community facilities, transit hubs, major destinations, and accessible rest areas Urban areas: every 2–5 km on high-use routes Trails / rural routes: select hubs only Mobility Device Charging Station In 2021, Clarington committed to enhancing accessibility by installing public mobility device charging stations, which can charge specific devices such as mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs. These charging stations differ from standard outlets that can charge micromobility devices such as e-bikes and e-scooters. Adequate, even and smooth space should be provided adjacent to the Community facilities, transit hubs, major destinations, and accessible rest areas Urban areas: every 2–5 km on high-use routes Trails / rural routes: select hubs only Active Transportation Master Plan | 94 Amenity Description Priority Locations Typical Spacing outlets to allow for at least two devices to charge at the same time. Public Art Can exist in a wide variety of forms. Furniture at minor and major hubs can provide opportunities for public art. Using shelters, benches, other furniture, and wayfinding posts. Public art should not compromise functionality or safety of the active transportation infrastructure. Major hubs, trailheads, town centres, and gateways Lighting Lighting should be provided throughout the network as it offers a level of safety and comfort to minimize potential hazards due to obscured visibility. Appropriate illumination levels for cycling and pedestrian facilities are based on the level of pedestrian or cyclist activity as outlined by TAC Guide for Design of Roadway Lighting and OTM Book 18 guidance on amenities such as lighting. If a path cannot be entirely lit, then focus on illumination of only the entrances, exits, and intersections should be considered If possible, signage should be present indicating if a route is or isn’t fully lit in areas with low volume and out of sight lines (such as trails through parks, rural areas, back streets etc.) Urban routes, town centres, intersections, trailheads, and key destinations Urban areas: continuous lighting along primary routes Trails / rural routes: lighting focused at entrances, exits, crossings, and nodes Active Transportation Master Plan | 95 Amenity Description Priority Locations Typical Spacing Rest and Refuge Area Formal bench seating or seating areas that include elements like tables are preferred, especially within settlement areas and in areas where accessibility is of greater need. In areas with a lower density of destinations, providing less formal seating options is possible. Using natural material, such as flat-topped stones or grass seating areas with trees for shade. It is preferred that benches or seats remains even on both sides of the path to eliminate crossing over. In exterior locations providing a concrete pad directly adjacent to a bench is crucial to allow for mobility users to sit beside the bench and or use the bench if it is accessible. In this scenario, no arm rest should be provided to allow transferring to and from a mobility device to the bench. Implementation is subject to site- specific constraints, including available space, environmental conditions, and maintenance considerations. Urban corridors, near destinations, trailheads, and areas with higher accessibility needs Urban areas: every 200– 400 m Trails / rural routes: every 500–1,000 m, depending on use and context Climate Protection Climate protection can include shared shelters and tree planting, which should both be outside of the lateral clearance area of an active transportation facility. The lateral clearance area is defined as the unobstructed horizontal space Active Transportation Master Plan | 96 Amenity Description Priority Locations Typical Spacing adjacent to the travelled portion of an active transportation facility that is required to provide safe operating width, recovery space, and maintenance access. Where applicable, trees, shelters, and other fixed elements should be placed beyond the minimum lateral clearance identified in OTM Book 18, with additional setbacks provided where required to account for mature tree canopy, shelter overhangs, snow storage, and maintenance operations. *Amenities should only be placed in areas that are accessible to municipal staff responsible for their maintenance. Active Transportation Master Plan | 97 Amenity Locations Throughout the Clarington Active Transportation Network, there are three (3) general locations in which amenities should be placed, as described in Table 5.4. Table 5.4: Amenity Locations Location Description Amenities Along Routes This includes all routes within the AT Network, such as neighborhood greenways, connector, spine and regional routes. As outlined above, the presence of amenities is mainly along connector and spine routes (including regional routes) and with greenways being considered in contextual cases. Minimum recommended: • Wayfinding (per Wayfinding System Strategy recommendations) • Amenity group of Rest Areas, Lighting, and Climate protection should be provided at regular intervals appropriate to the surrounding context, with closer spacing prioritized in high-demand urban locations, such as town centres, main streets, transit-oriented areas, and locations with a high concentration of people with disabilities or mobility challenges. In these high-volume pedestrian environments, amenity group spacing of approximately 75-150 metres is recommended where feasible. In lower-density or lower-use contexts, amenities should be focused at key destinations, nodes, trailheads, and rest areas, Active Transportation Master Plan | 98 Location Description Amenities rather than applied at uniform intervals Additional considerations: • Public Art • Dedicated Mobility Device charging stations (at popular rest locations) Minor Hubs Located at/as close as possible to where two Spine Routes meet, as they are excellent locations for amenities due to high volumes of active transportation users. To not interfere with ideal sightline zones, minor hubs should be kept along the edge of the intersection. Minimum recommended: • Bike parking (short-term) • Waste and recycling bins • Rest Areas • Lighting • Public Art • Climate protection • Dedicated Mobility Device charging stations Additional considerations: • Washrooms and potable water (where utilities and space allows) • Bicycle repair stands • Micromobility Device charging stations Major Hubs Strategically located at existing municipal facilities where servicing is provided for potable water and Minimum recommended: • Bike Parking (short and long-term) • Wayfinding Active Transportation Master Plan | 99 Location Description Amenities charging or where servicing could be provided. Major hub locations should include parks, major trail heads, libraries, community centres, schools and higher order transit stations. • Washrooms and potable water • Waste and recycling bins • Rest Areas • Bicycle repair stands • Lighting • Public Art • Climate protection • Dedicated Mobility Device charging stations • Micromobility Device charging stations Active Transportation Master Plan | 100 The policies below are based on current standards and best practices regarding amenities for on and off-road active transportation routes. In order to enhance the existing and proposed AT network, recommendations in Table 5.5 have been established to help guide the Municipality’s amenity placement, supporting the active transportation network within Clarington. Table 5.5: Amenity Policies Policy Statement Policy Objectives 2.1 Adopt recommended guidelines for amenity spacing and placement Adopt the recommendations for the placement of amenities along routes and at minor and major hubs as defined in Table 5.3. Placement and spacing should be refined through detailed design, capital planning, and coordination with other agencies, particularly at major hubs and transit-adjacent locations. 2.2 Bicycle Parking Provide safe and secure bicycle parking at key destinations through a combination of municipal investment within the public realm and developer-led provision on private lands, consistent with the Clarington Official Plan and Zoning By-law. In most cases, bicycle parking at commercial, institutional, employment, and private destinations is to be provided by developers and landowners through the development approvals process, in accordance with the requirements of the Clarington Official Plan (Sections 5.4.13 and 19.5) and Zoning By-law 84-63 (Subsection 3.16(l)). This Plan does not propose changes to those requirements, but reinforces their application in support of active transportation. The Municipality will focus its role on providing bicycle parking within the municipal public realm, including along on-street corridors, at public facilities, parks, trailheads, and transit-adjacent locations, and will coordinate with partner agencies such as Metrolinx, Durham Region, and Durham Active Transportation Master Plan | 101 Region Transit to support bicycle parking at major transportation hubs where appropriate. 2.3 Review Bicycle Parking Minimums Update the Zoning By-law with minimum recommended bicycle parking rates and end-of-trip facilities. Clarington’s Zoning By-law 84-63 includes limited bicycle parking requirements, and only for certain high-density residential zones. Bicycle parking for non-residential uses is not explicitly regulated and is only occasionally addressed through Site Plan Control discretion, not enforceable standards. The bicycle parking rates presented in Table 5.2 are intended to serve as recommended target ranges to inform future updates to the Zoning By-law and to guide development review through the Site Plan Control process. Implementation of these rates may be phased and refined over time, with consideration given to land use context, development scale, and surrounding active transportation and transit infrastructure. 2.4 Bike Parking at Municipal Facilities Support active transportation use and improve the user experience by providing appropriate bicycle parking and end-of-trip facilities at municipal facilities, where feasible. This policy applies to: • New municipal buildings and facilities, where end-of-trip considerations should be incorporated at the design stage; and • Existing municipal buildings, where opportunities to enhance bicycle parking and end-of-trip facilities may be pursued through renovations, retrofits, or capital improvement projects, subject to feasibility, building constraints, and available resources. The type, scale, and location of bicycle parking and end-of-trip facilities should be determined on a case-by-case Active Transportation Master Plan | 102 basis, taking into account building function, anticipated demand, accessibility considerations, retrofit feasibility, and operational capacity. Facilities may include, but are not limited to, secure bicycle parking, weather protection, repair amenities, or other features that support active transportation use. Active Transportation Master Plan | 103 5.3 Policy #3: Maintaining the Active Transportation Network Maintenance is imperative to supporting high quality routes and facilities, and encouraging and promoting comfortable, safe and convenient use of an active transportation network all year-round. The maintenance of active transportation facilities help leverage capital investments, mitigate a user’s exposure to risk, minimize potential conflict between users, mitigate liability exposure for the Municipality, and maximize the lifespan of the facility. Maintenance of the active transportation network requires both frequent maintenance, including sweeping and snow clearing, and annual inspections and monitoring for damage. Policies for maintenance management are discussed below. 5.3.1 Minimum Maintenance Standards Minimum maintenance standards for active transportation facilities may be developed from the Ontario Minimum Maintenance Standards (MMS) for Municipal Highways. The same maintenance activities that apply to roads will be applied to on-road active transportation facilities. In-boulevard separated active transportation facilities, including cycle tracks and multi-use paths, should be held to higher standards to create a consistently comfortable cycling facility for those who rely on active transportation facilities. The MMS establishes the applicable maintenance requirements for sidewalks and may be applied, where appropriate, to in-boulevard active transportation facilities. Under the MMS, a sidewalk is considered to be in a state of repair where vertical surface discontinuities are less than two centimetres. Accessibility requirements for active transportation facilities in Ontario are governed by the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA) and its associated standards, which establish requirements related to barrier-free access and the identification and removal of accessibility barriers. While the MMS provide a provincially regulated maintenance benchmark, it is recognized that surface discontinuities can still present accessibility challenges for some users. Accordingly, maintenance and rehabilitation of sidewalks and in-boulevard active transportation facilities should be undertaken in a manner that is consistent with MMS requirements and supports the intent of AODA, without establishing service levels that exceed current provincial standards unless directed through future policy, Council approval, or capital programming. Active Transportation Master Plan | 104 The recommended maintenance standards for in boulevard facilities (multi -use paths and cycle tracks) are included in Table 5.6. Table 5.6: Recommended Maintenance Service Levels for In-boulevard Active Transportation Facilities Activity Service Level Patrol Conduct visual inspections on a periodic basis, typically monthly to seasonally, and in response to complaints, service requests, or observed issues. Patrol frequency may increase in higher-use urban areas or following major weather events. Sweeping Seasonal sweeping (typically spring and fall), with additional spot sweeping following major construction activities, storm events, or where debris accumulation is identified through inspection or public reporting. Surface Discontinuities Consistent with Ontario MMS, surfaces are considered to be in a state of repair where vertical discontinuities are less than 2 cm. Identified deficiencies should be addressed as part of routine maintenance or scheduled rehabilitation, subject to prioritization and available resources. Signage and Pavement Markings Maintained and refreshed as required based on condition, visibility, and operational need, typically coordinated with roadway or corridor maintenance programs. Cracking Cracks are monitored through routine inspections. Progressive or safety-related cracking is addressed through scheduled maintenance or rehabilitation, rather than reactive thresholds. Potholes Potholes that present a safety concern are addressed within a reasonable timeframe after identification, consistent with municipal maintenance response practices and resource availability. Active Transportation Master Plan | 105 Surface Drop-off at Shoulders Edge drop-offs are monitored and corrected where they present a safety risk, typically through grading, asphalt wedging, or surface repair during routine maintenance cycles. Vegetation Management Routine mowing and vegetation control to maintain clear widths, sightlines, and accessibility, including daylight triangles at intersections. Tree and shrub trimming conducted on a cyclical or as-needed basis. Ontario Minimum Maintenance Standards require sidewalks to be cleared to a maximum snow depth of 8 cm within 48 hours after a snowfall and to be treated for ice where practicable. Winter maintenance of in-boulevard active transportation facilities is not currently required under Ontario MMS and represents an enhanced service level. Expansion of winter maintenance activities should therefore be phased and prioritized, taking into account: • available staffing, equipment, and storage capacity; • coordination with roadway winter maintenance operations; • environmental considerations related to salt and material use; and • user demand, safety, and accessibility needs. The Municipality may consider expanding winter maintenance over time by focusing first on spine routes, transit connections, and urban areas, with any changes subject to Council direction, budget approval, and ongoing monitoring. The service levels in Table 5.7 are intended to guide priority routes where year-round use is desired, subject to available resources and operational capacity. Table 5.7: Enhanced Winter Maintenance Service Levels for In-boulevard Active Transportation Facilities Activity Spine Network Connector Network Snow Clearing Snow clearing targeted to support year-round use, with a response goal of within 48 hours following the end of a snowfall event, where feasible. Snow clearing considered on a case-by-case basis, with priority given to key connections, transit-adjacent Active Transportation Master Plan | 106 segments, and areas with higher pedestrian activity. Ice Treatment Spot ice treatment applied as part of routine winter operations, with priority to hills, curves, intersections, and accessibility-sensitive locations. Ice treatment undertaken as resources permit, focusing on known problem areas and safety-related concerns. Ice Prevention Proactive anti-icing may be applied on select priority segments where operationally feasible and where it aligns with municipal winter control practices. Generally not applied, except in limited, high-risk locations. The policies in Table 5.8 are based on current standards and best practices regarding maintenance of on and off-road active transportation routes. In order to enhance maintenance of the existing and proposed active transportation network, recommendations have been established to help guide the Municipality in maintaining and operating active transportation infrastructure within Clarington. Table 5.8: Maintenance Policies Policy Statement Policy Objective 3.1 Adopt the Recommended Minimum Maintenance Standards for the Active Transportation Network Ontario Minimum Maintenance Standards (MMS) are the baseline for maintenance service levels across the Active Transportation Network. Maintenance activities for active transportation facilities shall be undertaken in a manner that is consistent with MMS requirements and current municipal maintenance practices, recognizing variations by facility type, location, Active Transportation Master Plan | 107 and use. This policy does not establish enhanced or year-round maintenance service levels beyond MMS, nor does it imply continuous winter maintenance of all active transportation facilities. Any consideration of maintenance practices beyond MMS requirements may be evaluated separately through future policy direction, operational planning, or capital programming, subject to Council approval and available resources. 3.2 Accessible Sidewalk Maintenance Standards Maintain sidewalks in a manner that is consistent with the Ontario Minimum Maintenance Standards (MMS) and supports the objectives of the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA). For the purposes of maintenance, sidewalks shall be considered to be in a state of repair where surface discontinuities meet MMS requirements, including the MMS threshold for vertical surface discontinuities. Accessibility considerations for sidewalks and pedestrian facilities shall be addressed in accordance with AODA requirements and applicable municipal accessibility policies, without establishing maintenance service levels that exceed provincially legislated standards. This policy does not introduce enhanced or alternative maintenance thresholds beyond MMS. Any future consideration of accessibility-related enhancements beyond MMS requirements would be subject to separate policy direction, operational review, and Council approval. 3.3 Implement Sidewalk Winter Maintenance for Residential Properties Maintain the current approach of providing winter maintenance on selected municipal sidewalks, and consider phased expansion to additional priority locations where winter sidewalk maintenance provides the greatest public benefit. Priority locations may include: • school routes and sidewalks adjacent to schools; Active Transportation Master Plan | 108 • sidewalks serving key community destinations such as transit stops, community centres, libraries, and commercial areas; and • high pedestrian volume areas, particularly where sidewalks support vulnerable users. Any expansion of sidewalk winter maintenance beyond current service levels shall be implemented on a phased and prioritized basis and is subject to operational review, available staffing and equipment, financial capacity, and Council approval. This policy does not establish or imply network-wide winter maintenance of all municipal sidewalks. 3.4 Develop Monitoring Program for Winter Maintenance Support the Municipality’s broader monitoring framework by using existing municipal data sources to inform winter maintenance prioritization for active transportation facilities. Monitoring related to winter maintenance should be undertaken as part of the network-wide monitoring and reporting program described in Chapter 4, and may include the use of: • existing pedestrian and active transportation counts, where available; • service requests and complaints related to winter conditions; and • winter maintenance records, including response activities and operational constraints. This information should be used to periodically review and refine winter maintenance priorities, particularly for high-use locations and priority routes, without establishing new or standalone monitoring programs within the maintenance framework. Active Transportation Master Plan | 109 5.4 Policy #4: Supporting Micromobility Active transportation includes a range of travel modes that support short-distance, low-speed trips and provide alternatives to private automobile use. Micromobility refers to small, lightweight vehicles operated by an individual user, generally at lower speeds, and intended for use on active transportation and street networks where permitted by legislation and municipal by-laws. For the purposes of this Plan, micromobility devices include: • Conventional bicycles; • Power-assisted bicycles (e-bikes), as defined under the Ontario Highway Traffic Act (HTA); and • Electric scooters (e-scooters), where permitted through provincial pilot programs and municipal by-laws. Other devices, such as electric skateboards or self-balancing devices, are not currently regulated or widely permitted for use on municipal infrastructure in Ontario and are therefore not included within the scope of this policy. Sales and use of e-bikes, including cargo and pedal-assist models, have increased significantly across Ontario, reflecting growing interest in alternatives that support longer trips, goods movement, and mobility for a broader range of users. Research and municipal experience indicate that e-bikes can expand participation in cycling, particularly for older adults, people with mobility limitations, and medium -distance commuters. Cargo bikes, in particular, offer households and businesses new options for transporting people and goods, with potential benefits for congestion and emissions reduction. E-scooters have also emerged as a first- and last-mile travel option in many jurisdictions, typically through time-limited pilot programs that allow municipalities to determine appropriate operating conditions, locations, and safety requirements. Their use and regulation vary across Ontario and are subject to municipal discretion. While micromobility devices can provide important mobility benefits, their use, particularly on shared facilities such as multi-use trails and paths, has raised concerns related to speed differentials, user comfort, and safety, including for people with Active Transportation Master Plan | 110 disabilities. These considerations underscore the importance of context-sensitive design, appropriate operating rules, and clear communication regarding permitted devices and behaviours. This Plan supports the development of active transportation infrastructure that can safely accommodate permitted micromobility devices, while recognizing that: • device types, operating rules, and permitted locations are governed by provincial legislation and municipal by-laws; and • any expansion of micromobility permissions or infrastructure design responses should be informed by pilot programs, monitoring, and public and stakeholder consultation, including with accessibility advocates. It is important to consider that these e-bikes are typically less expensive than a pedal- assist e-bikes (those that are often permitted on MUTs and MUPs). Completely restricting their access on shared trails can be limiting for people who cannot pedal the entire time, or for those who are looking for a more affordable option. What is clear is the objective of planning and designing active transportation infrastructure that can, where feasible, better accommodate a range of permitted micromobility options while safely serving the community’s diverse needs. The ability to support additional micromobility devices is subject to available right-of-way, cost, competing priorities, and operational considerations. Where opportunities exist, infrastructure design can play a supporting role in managing speed and user interactions; however, effective management of user behaviour requires a combination of design, regulation, education, and enforcement . Design approaches— such as providing adequate space for passing or addressing uphill and downhill operating conditions—may help influence behaviour in certain contexts, but should be applied selectively and in conjunction with appropriate operating rules and enforcement, rather than relied upon as a standalone solution. As active transportation infrastructure is improved over time, and where supported by clear regulations and enforcement practices, some facilities may be better positioned to safely accommodate a wider range of permitted micromobility devices. This should be pursued in a context-sensitive manner, recognizing practical limitations related to facility type, user mix, and municipal capacity. Active Transportation Master Plan | 111 5.4.1 E-Bikes and E-Scooters in Ontario Transport Canada transferred responsibility for defining e ‑bikes, referred to in Ontario as power‑assisted bicycles, to provinces and territories in February 2021. In Ontario, the existing definition of power‑assisted bicycles remains in effect; however, the Province has since established regulation‑making authority under the Highway Traffic Act to redefine e‑bikes through future regulations, following the decision not to proceed with earlier proposed e‑bike classifications. In parallel, Ontario has implemented pilot programs for specific micromobility devices, including cargo power‑assisted bicycles, to better understand where and how they may operate. The provincial cargo e‑bike pilot program has been extended to March 1, 2031, with participating municipalities responsible for determining local operating conditions through municipal by‑laws. Currently, there is no unified Federal law in Canada that directly addresses e -scooter use, and they are not classified as motorized vehicles under Ontario’s Highway Traffic Act (HTA). They are expected to adhere to the HTA rules of the road such as where pedestrians or bicycles are prohibited, and general safety standards that apply to bicycles such as having lights, reflectors etc. Like that of specific e -bike regulations, it is provinces and territories, and further municipalities, that dictate what is l egally allowed and or required for e-scooter use. Based on a review of applicable provincial legislation and local regulations, the operation of e-bikes and e-scooters in Clarington is governed by a combination of Ontario regulations, Region of Durham by-laws, and local municipal policies. Electric kick-scooters (e-scooters) are currently permitted in Ontario only through a provincial pilot program under the Highway Traffic Act, which has been extended to November 27, 2029. Within Durham Region, the use of e-scooters is regulated through the Region of Durham Electric Kick-Scooter By-law, which has been amended to remain in effect for the duration of the provincial pilot program. The Regional by-law establishes where and how e-scooters may operate on Regional roads and properties, while local municipalities retain authority over infrastructure and facilities under their jurisdiction. Accordingly, any discussion in this Plan regarding micromobility reflects: • current legal permissions and restrictions established by the Province and the Region of Durham; and Active Transportation Master Plan | 112 • proposed policy directions for Clarington, which are advisory in nature and intended to guide future decision-making, subject to Council approval and alignment with applicable legislation. This Plan does not establish new regulatory permissions for micromobility devices. Table 5.9: E-bike and E-Scooter Classifications Classification Minimum User Age Helmet Requirement Typical Assisted Speed Typical Maximum Weight Typical Maximum Power Type 1 E- Bike: Bicycle-style e-bike (pedal- assist or ‘pedelecs’) 14* Yes Up to 32 km/h 55 kg 500 Watts Type 2 E- Bike: Motor scooter-style e-bike (with a throttle) 16* Yes Up to 32 km/h 120 kg 500 Watts Type 3 E- Bike: Motorcycle- style e-bike 16* Yes Up to 32 km/h 120 kg 500 Watts Electric Kick E-Scooter 16* Yes (under 18) Up to 24 km/h 45 kg 500 Watts * Ages and requirements shown reflect typical Ontario rules or pilot conditions and may vary by device type, regulation, or by-law. They are provided for contextual planning purposes only. The categories identified as Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 are proposed municipal planning classifications only and do not represent legal classes established under Ontario legislation. Ontario did not proceed with the 2024 proposal to redefine e -bikes into subclasses. The Province has instead established regulation -making authority to redefine e-bikes through future regulations. Active Transportation Master Plan | 113 All legal definitions, permissions, and operating requirements for e-bikes and electric kick-scooters are governed by the Highway Traffic Act, applicable provincial pilot programs, and municipal or regional by-laws, as applicable. This table is intended to support policy discussion and infrastructure planning and does not create or imply regulatory permission. Table 5.10: E-bike and E-scooter Permitted Use Classification Permitted Not Permitted Type 1: Bicycle-style e- bike (pedal-assist or ‘pedelecs’) * On all facilities where standard bicycles are permitted. Including conventional bicycle lanes, cycle tracks, multi-use paths and paved trails. On provincial controlled-access highways (e.g., 400-series highways and other highways where bicycles are prohibited). On sidewalks, boardwalks, beaches, and waterfront promenades where bicycles are prohibited under municipal or regional by-laws. On park pathways, multi-use trails, or off-road paths where bicycles are prohibited by municipal by-law or restricted by posted signage. Type 2: Motor scooter- style e-bike (with a throttle) * Conventional bicycle lanes and multi-use paved paths adjacent to the roadway with a minimum width of 2.4 m. The shoulder of a highway (where speeds are under In all locations where Type 1 e-bikes and bicycles are prohibited, including sidewalks, boardwalks, beaches, and park pathways subject to bicycle bans. Active Transportation Master Plan | 114 Classification Permitted Not Permitted 60 km/h), within the roadway if no shoulder or facilities present and the speed is under 60 km/h following the same rules of the road as bicycles. On cycle tracks or multi-use paths within parks or open spaces unless explicitly permitted by municipal signage or by-law. On narrow multi-use paths or facilities where throttle-equipped devices are restricted through municipal regulation or posted rules. Type 3: Motorcycle-style e-bike* Conventional bicycle lanes. The shoulder of a highway (where speeds are under 60 km/h), within the roadway if no shoulder or facilities present and the speed is under 60 km/h following the same rules of the road as bicycles. In all locations where bicycles and Type 1 or Type 2 e-bikes are prohibited. On all multi-use trails, park pathways, boardwalks, waterfront trails, and off-road paths, regardless of width or surface. On sidewalks or other pedestrian-only facilities under any circumstances. E-scooter** Conventional bicycle lanes and multi-use paved paths adjacent to the roadway with a minimum width of 2.4 m. The shoulder of a highway (where speeds are under On sidewalks, boardwalks, beaches, park pathways, and waterfront promenades where bicycles are prohibited under municipal or regional by-laws. Active Transportation Master Plan | 115 Classification Permitted Not Permitted 60 km/h), within the roadway if no shoulder or facilities present and the speed is under 60 km/h following the same rules of the road as bicycles. On trails, paths, or park facilities unless explicitly permitted through applicable provincial pilot regulations and municipal or regional by-laws. On facilities or roads where e-scooters are restricted or prohibited by posted signage or local regulation. *Based on current definitions and operational permittance outlined by the province of Ontario, The Moving Ontarians Safely (MOMS) Act, The Region of Durham, City of Guelph, the Town of Ajax, the City of Mississauga, the City of Ottawa, the Province of Nova Scotia, Halifax Regional Municipality and the City of Calgary. **Based on current definitions and operational permittance outlined by the Ontario electric kick-scooter pilot, The Region of Durham, City of Guelph, the Town of Ajax, the City of Mississauga, the City of Ottawa, the Province of Nova Scotia, Halifax Regional Municipality and the City of Calgary. Permissions and prohibitions shown in this table reflect existing provincial legislation, Regional by-laws, and municipal by-laws governing bicycle use. Where micromobility devices are referenced, they are intended to follow the same location-based permissions and prohibitions that apply to bicycles, unless otherwise authorized through a specific provincial pilot or municipal by-law. This table does not establish new regulatory permissions. Adjacency to the roadway is used as a distinguishing criterion because facilities that are immediately adjacent to the roadway typically: • support a more consistent user mix aligned with cycling and vehicular traffic; • provide greater visibility and predictability for all users, including motorists; • are subject to existing traffic controls, signage, and enforcement practices; and Active Transportation Master Plan | 116 • are designed to accommodate higher operating speeds and interactions consistent with on-road cycling. In contrast, non-road-adjacent paths, such as park trails, waterfront pathways, boardwalks, and recreational multi-use paths, generally serve a higher proportion of pedestrians and vulnerable users, have more variable sightlines and operating conditions, and are not designed for higher-speed or motor-assisted devices. As a result, more restrictive permissions are applied to these facilities to support safety, comfort, and accessibility. Active Transportation Master Plan | 117 The following policies are recommended for Clarington to adopt in order to address E- bike and E-scooter use, such as where they should be permitted and how they should be operated. Table 5.11: Micromobility Policies Policy Statement Policy Objectives 4.1 Adopt the recommended classification system Adhere to all terms defined in the Highway Traffic Act and Region of Durham guidelines on permitted e-bike (‘power- assisted’ bicycle) travel and classification. Adopt the recommended e-bike and e-scooter classification system. 4.2 Participate in the Cargo E-bike Pilot Subject to Council direction, consider participation in the Ontario Cargo E-Bike Pilot Program, which has been extended to March 1, 2031, to support data-driven decision-making regarding the safe and appropriate use of cargo e-bikes within Clarington. Participation in the pilot requires the enactment of a municipal by-law or other formal municipal authorization, consistent with provincial regulations. Where participation is authorized, the Municipality would be responsible for determining local operating conditions, including: • permitted routes and facility types; • vehicle weight and size considerations appropriate to local infrastructure; Active Transportation Master Plan | 118 • restrictions on use within parks, trails, and other sensitive or pedestrian-oriented environments; and • monitoring and reporting requirements, as applicable under the provincial pilot. This policy does not establish permission for cargo e -bikes to operate within the Municipality. Any participation in the pilot would be limited in scope, subject to operational feasibility, and implemented in accordance with applicable provincial requirements and municipal by-laws. 4.3 Participate in the Electric Kick- style Scooter Pilot Recognize and align with Durham Region’s participation in the Provincial Electric Kick-Scooter Pilot Program, which has been extended to November 27th, 2029, and the Region of Durham Electric Kick-Scooter By-law, which governs the operation of electric kick-style scooters on Regional roads and properties for the duration of the provincial pilot. Subject to Council direction, develop a Clarington-specific micromobility framework and/or municipal by-law to address the operation of electric kick-style scooters on municipal roads, trails, and multi-use paths, consistent with applicable Provincial regulations and Regional by-laws. The Clarington framework should: • clearly define where electric kick-style scooters are permitted or prohibited on municipal infrastructure; • establish local operating conditions, including facility type, speed management, and restrictions in pedestrian-oriented or sensitive environments; • align with Provincial pilot requirements and Regional regulations, without duplicating or conflicting with them; and • be informed by best-practice guidance, jurisdictional experience, and local context, recognizing that any recommended classifications or operating rules are Active Transportation Master Plan | 119 advisory and non-regulatory unless adopted through a municipal by-law. This policy does not establish permission for electric kick-style scooters to operate on municipal infrastructure. Any authorization would require formal municipal approval and be implemented in accordance with Provincial and Regional regulations. Attachment 2 to Report PDS-038-26 401 401 401 401 418 BowmanvilleAvenue Bo w m a n v i l l e A v e n u e Li b e r t y S t r e e t S Olive Avenue Li b e r t y S t r e e t N Co u r t i c e Ro a d Bloor Street RegionalHighway2 RegionalHighway2 To w n l i n e R o a d S To w n l i n e R o a d N Regional Highway 2 Regional Highway 2 Co u r t i c e R o a d Adelaide Avenue E Courtice Road Bloor Street E Regional Highway2 Be n n e t t R o a d Ho l t R o a d Prestonvale Road Prince William Boulevard Scugog Street Energy Drive King Street E Sandringham Drive Va r c o e R o a d Northglen Boulevard Nash Road Fenning Drive Farmington Drive Si m p s o n A v e n u e Moyse Drive Meadowglade Road Wa v e r l e y R o a d BrookhillBoulevard West ScugogLane So l i n a R o a d Longw o r t h A v e n u e Concession Street W Baseline Road Cl a r i n g t o n B o u l e v a r d Bons Avenue AspenSpringsDrive Mi d d l e R o a d Rustwood Street Edwin Carr Street Rob e r t A d a m s Driv e Boswell Drive George ReynoldsDrive Port DarlingtonRoad Strathallan Drive Southfield Avenue Quee n S t r e e t Green Road Sprucewood Crescent AvondaleDrive Mcbride Avenue Bingham Gate Rosswell Drive West SideDrive Ni d d e r y St r e e t Apple BlossomBoulevard Hayman Street Gi m b l e t t St r e e t Ce n t e r f i e l d Dr i v e Concession Street E Harry Gay Drive King Street W GuildwoodDrive ChurchStreet Freeland Avenue Concession Rd 3 Me a r n s A v e n u e Glenabbey Drive Tr u l l s R o a d Adelaide Avenue Ea s t S h o r e Dr i v e To o l e y Ro a d LakeRoad Stevens Road Roenigk Drive La m b s R o a d Ha n c o c k R o a d Ha i n e s S t r e e t Pr o v i d e n c e R o a d 14 57 57 57 22 22 55 55 14 34 2 58 59 14 14 2 2 34 34 2 2 2 2 M U N I C I P A L I T Y O F C L A R I N G T O N A C T I V E T R A N S P O R T A T I O N M A S T E R P L A N A P R I L 2 0 2 6 MAP 2.1a Existing Conditions Courtice & Bowmanville 0 1 20.5 Kilometers ± Data retrieved from the Municipality of Clarington, Durham Region Open Data, and Ontario Geohub. Existing Cycling Network Railway Future Trails Existing Trails Dedicated Bike Lane Marked Shared Use Lane Painted Urban Shoulder Paved Path Rural Paved Shoulder Future Dedicated Bike Lane Future Marked Shared Use Lane Future Painted Urban Shoulder Future Paved Path Future Rural Paved Shoulder Destinations Schools Musuems Healthcare Facilities Community Services Libraries BowmanvilleCourtice 35 35 115 115 401 401 401 Regional H i g h w a y 2 Man v e r s Roa d Mi l l S t r e e t S King Avenue W No r t h S t r e e t King Avenue E Da r l i n g t o n - C l a r k e T o w n l i n e R o a d Re g i o n a l R d 1 7 Be n n e t t R o a d LakebreezeDrive Concession Street E Grady Drive Pedwell Street PortOfNewcastleDrive Brookhouse Drive Concession Rd 3 Edward Street W Toronto Street Edward Street E Ru d e l l R o a d Ar t h u r S t r e e t Pr o v i d e n c e Ro a d 2 2 2 17 17 2 42 42 35 35 35 115 115 115 Taunton Road Taunton Road Ma i n S t r e e t StationStreet Mil l S t r e e t ConcessionRd 517 17 4 4 4 M U N I C I P A L I T Y O F C L A R I N G T O N A C T I V E T R A N S P O R T A T I O N M A S T E R P L A N A P R I L 2 0 2 6 MAP 2.1b Existing Conditions Newcastle & Orono 0 1 20.5 Kilometers ± Data retrieved from the Municipality of Clarington, Durham Region Open Data, and Ontario Geohub. Existing Cycling Network Railway Future Trails Existing Trails Dedicated Bike Lane Marked Shared Use Lane Painted Urban Shoulder Paved Path Rural Paved Shoulder Future Dedicated Bike Lane Future Marked Shared Use Lane Future Painted Urban Shoulder Future Paved Path Future Rural Paved Shoulder Destinations Schools Musuems Healthcare Facilities Community Services Libraries Orono Newcastle 0 1 20.5 Kilometers 35 35 115 115 115 401 401 401 407 418 Winchester Road E Ha r m o n y Ro a d S Ha r m o n y R o a d N Taunton Road Li b e r t y St r e e t N Ganaraska Road Bloor Street E Olive Avenue To w n l i n e Ro a d N Regiona lHighway 2 Taunton Road Gra n d v i e w Ro a d N Columbus Road E Taunton Road E Regional Highway 2 Shirley Road Regiona lHighwa y 2 Co u r t i c e Ro a d Regional Rd 3 Re g i o n a l Rd 5 7 Da r l i n g t o n - C l a r k e To w n l i n e R o a d En f i e l d Ro a d Bo w m a n v i l l e A v e n u e Re g i o n a l R d 1 8 Regional Rd 20 Be n n e t t R o a d Ho l t R o a d Bloor Street EnergyDrive Darlington-Clarke Townline Road Bethesda Road To w n l i n e R o a d S Nash Road Concession Rd 4 Concession Rd 6 So l i n a R o a d Concession Street E Ar t h u r St r e e t Concession Rd 3 To w n l i n e R o a d N Tooley Road Pebblestone Road La m b s Ro a d Ha n c o c k Ro a d Concession Rd 7 Baseline Road Pr o v i d e n c e Ro a d Li b e r t y St r e e t N 9 9 3 3 22 58 14 59 55 2 19 4 44 2 2 2 34 57 57 57 42 34 18 18 20 20 M U N I C I P A L I T Y O F C L A R I N G T O N A C T I V E T R A N S P O R T A T I O N M A S T E R P L A N A P R I L 2 0 2 6 MAP 2.2 OTM Book 18 Compliance 0 4 82 Kilometers ± Legend Railway Municipal Trails Compliant with OTM Book 18 Non-compliant with OTM Book 18 Data retrieved from the Municipality of Clarington, Durham Region Open Data, and Ontario Geohub. Bowmanville Refer to Map 2.2a Courtice Refer to Map 2.2a Orono Refer to Map 2.2b Newcastle Refer to Map 2.2b Destinations Schools Musuems Healthcare Facilities Community Services Libraries 401 401 401 401 418 Li b e r t y S t r e e t N Regional Highway 2 To w n l i n e R o a d N To w n l i n e R o a d S Li b e r t y S t r e e t S Adelaide Avenue E OliveAvenue RegionalHighway 2 Co u r t i c e R o a d Bloor Street E Bow m a n v i l l e Ave n u e Co u r t i c e R o a d Bo w m a n v i l l e A v e n u e RegionalHighway 2 Region a lHighw a y 2 Bloor Street Be n n e t t R o a d Ho l t R o a d Prestonvale Road Prince William Boulevard Scugog Street Bloor Street Energy Drive King Street E Sandringham Drive Va r c o e R o a d To w n l i n e R o a d S Northglen Boulevard Nash Road Fenning Drive Si m p s o n A v e n u e Moyse Drive Meadowglade Road Wa v e r l e y R o a d BrookhillBoulevard West ScugogLane So l i n a R o a d Longw o r t h A v e n u e Concession Street W Baseline Road Cl a r i n g t o n B o u l e v a r d Bons Avenue AspenSpringsDrive Mi d d l e R o a d Rustwood Street Edwin Carr Street Rob e r t Ada m s D r i v e George Reynolds Drive Port Darlington Road Strathallan Drive Southfield Avenue Quee n S t r e e t Green Road SprucewoodCrescent AvondaleDrive Mcbride Avenue Bingham Gate Rosswell Drive West SideDrive Ni d d e r y St r e e t AppleBlossom Boulevard Courtice Road Hayman Street Gi m b l e t t St r e e t Ce n t e r f i e l d Dr i v e Concession Street E Harry Gay Drive King Street W Guildwood Drive ChurchStreet Boswell Drive Freeland Avenue Concession Rd 3 Me a r n s A v e n u e Glenabbey Drive Trulls Road Adelaide Avenue Ea s t S h o r e Dr i v e To o l e y Ro a d LakeRoad Stevens Road Roenigk Drive La m b s R o a d Ha n c o c k R o a d Ha i n e s S t r e e t Pr o v i d e n c e R o a d 2 14 2 2 55 55 14 58 14 59 2 2 57 34 22 57 22 34 34 57 2 22 M U N I C I P A L I T Y O F C L A R I N G T O N A C T I V E T R A N S P O R T A T I O N M A S T E R P L A N A P R I L 2 0 2 6 MAP 2.2a OTM Book 18 Compliance Courtice & Bowmanville 0 1 20.5 Kilometers ± Data retrieved from the Municipality of Clarington, Durham Region Open Data, and Ontario Geohub. Legend Railway Municipal Trails Compliant with OTM Book 18 Non-compliant with OTM Book 18 Destinations Schools Musuems Healthcare Facilities Community Services Libraries 35 35 115 115 401 401 401 Man v e r s R o a d Mi l l St r e e t S Mi l l St r e e t N King Avenue EKing Avenue W No r t h St r e e t Regional High w a y 2 Regional Highway 2 Re g i o n a l R d 1 7 Da r l i n g t o n - C l a r k e To w n l i n e R o a d Mi l l S t r e e t S LakebreezeDrive Grady Drive Pe d w e l l S t r e e t Port OfNewcastleDrive Brookhouse Drive Concession Rd 3 Edward Street W To r o n t o S t r e e t Edward Street E Ru d e l l R o a d Ar t h u r S t r e e t Concession Street E 17 17 17 2 2 2 2 2 42 42 35 35 35 115 115 115 Ma i n S t r e e t Taunton Road Ma i n S t r e e t StationStreet Mil l S t r e e t ConcessionRd 5 17 4 4 17 M U N I C I P A L I T Y O F C L A R I N G T O N A C T I V E T R A N S P O R T A T I O N M A S T E R P L A N A P R I L 2 0 2 6 MAP 2.2b OTM Book 18 Compliance Newcastle & Orono 0 1 20.5 Kilometers ± Data retrieved from the Municipality of Clarington, Durham Region Open Data, and Ontario Geohub. Legend Railway Municipal Trails Compliant with OTM Book 18 Non-compliant with OTM Book 18 Destinations Schools Musuems Healthcare Facilities Community Services Libraries 401 401 401 401 418 Bo w m a n v i l l e A v e n u e Li b e r t y S t r e e t S Olive Avenue Li b e r t y S t r e e t N Co u r t i c e Ro a d Bloor Street RegionalHighway2 To w n l i n e R o a d S To w n l i n e R o a d N Regional Highway 2 Regional Highway 2 Co u r t i c e R o a d Adelaide Avenue E Co u r t i c e R o a d Bloor Street E Regional Highway2 Be n n e t t R o a d Ho l t R o a d Prestonvale Road Prince William Boulevard Scugog Street Energy Drive King Street E Sandringham Drive Va r c o e R o a d NorthglenBoulevard Nash Road FenningDrive Si m p s o n A v e n u e Moyse Drive Meadowglade Road Wa v e r l e y R o a d Brookhill Boulevard WestScugogLane So l i n a R o a d Longw o r t h A v e n u e Concession Street W Baseline Road Cl a r i n g t o n B o u l e v a r d Bons Avenue AspenSpringsDrive Mi d d l e R o a d Edwin Carr Street RobertAdams Drive Boswell Drive George Reynolds Drive PortDarlington Road Strathallan Drive Southfield Avenue Quee n S t r e e t Green Road Sprucewood Crescent AvondaleDrive Mcbride Avenue Bingham Gate Rosswell Drive West SideDrive Ni d d e r y S t r e e t Apple BlossomBoulevard HaymanStreet Centerfield Drive Concession Street E Harry Gay Drive King Street W GuildwoodDrive ChurchStreet Freeland Avenue Concession Rd 3 Me a r n s A v e n u e GlenabbeyDrive Tr u l l s R o a d Adelaide Avenue EastShore Drive LakeRoad Stevens Road RoenigkDrive La m b s R o a d Ha n c o c k R o a d Ha i n e s S t r e e t Pr o v i d e n c e R o a d 14 57 57 57 22 22 55 55 14 14 34 2 58 59 14 2 34 34 2 2 2 2 M U N I C I P A L I T Y O F C L A R I N G T O N A C T I V E T R A N S P O R T A T I O N M A S T E R P L A N A P R I L 2 0 2 6 MAP 3.1a Active Transportation Network Hierarchy Courtice & Bowmanville 0 1 20.5 Kilometers ± Data retrieved from the Municipality of Clarington, Durham Region Open Data, and Ontario Geohub. Candidate Active Transportation Network Spine Route Connector Route Greenway Rural Route Regional Spine Future Active Transportation Protected Corridor Major Projects (Additional Feasibility Study Required) Existing Road and Trail Network Provincial Highway Regional Road Local Road Railway Future Trails Existing Trails BowmanvilleCourtice 35 35 115 115 401 401 401 RegionalHighway2 Mi l l St r e e t N Man v e r s R o a d Mi l l S t r e e t S King Avenue W No r t h S t r e e t Regional Highway 2 King Avenue E Da r l i n g t o n - C l a r k e T o w n l i n e R o a d Re g i o n a l R d 1 7 Be n n e t t R o a d LakebreezeDrive Concession Street E Grady Drive Pedwell Street PortOfNewcastleDrive Concession Rd 3 Edward Street W Toronto Street Edward Street E Ru d e l l R o a d Ar t h u r S t r e e t Pr o v i d e n c e R o a d 2 2 2 17 17 2 42 42 35 35 35 115 115 115 Taunton Road Ma i n S t r e e t StationStreet Mil l S t r e e t ConcessionRd 5 17 17 4 4 4 M U N I C I P A L I T Y O F C L A R I N G T O N A C T I V E T R A N S P O R T A T I O N M A S T E R P L A N A P R I L 2 0 2 6 MAP 3.1b Active Transportation Network Hierarchy Newcastle & Orono 0 1 20.5 Kilometers ± Data retrieved from the Municipality of Clarington, Durham Region Open Data, and Ontario Geohub. Existing Road and Trail Network Provincial Highway Regional Road Local Road Railway Future Trails Existing Trails Candidate Active Transportation Network Spine Route Connector Route Greenway Rural Route Regional Spine Future Active Transportation Protected Corridor Major Projects (Additional Feasibility Study Required) Orono Newcastle 0 1 20.5 Kilometers 401 401 401 401 418 Bo w m a n v i l l e A v e n u e Li b e r t y S t r e e t S Olive Avenue Li b e r t y S t r e e t N Co u r t i c e R o a d Bloor Street RegionalHighway2 To w n l i n e R o a d S To w n l i n e R o a d N Regional Highway 2 Co u r t i c e R o a d Adelaide Avenue E Ramp Co u r t i c e R o a d Bloor Street E Regional Highway2 Be n n e t t R o a d Ho l t R o a d Prestonvale Road Prince William Boulevard Scugog Street Energy Drive King Street E Sandringham Drive Va r c o e R o a d NorthglenBoulevard Nash Road FenningDrive Si m p s o n A v e n u e Moyse Drive Meadowglade Road Wa v e r l e y R o a d Brookhill Boulevard WestScugogLane So l i n a R o a d Longw o r t h A v e n u e Concession Street W Baseline Road Cl a r i n g t o n B o u l e v a r d Bons Avenue AspenSpringsDrive Mi d d l e R o a d Edwin Carr Street RobertAdams Drive Boswell Drive George Reynolds Drive PortDarlington Road Strathallan Drive Southfield Avenue Quee n S t r e e t Green Road Sprucewood Crescent AvondaleDrive Mcbride Avenue Bingham Gate Rosswell Drive West SideDrive Ni d d e r y S t r e e t Apple BlossomBoulevard HaymanStreet Centerfield Drive Concession Street E Harry Gay Drive King Street W GuildwoodDrive ChurchStreet Freeland Avenue Concession Rd 3 Me a r n s A v e n u e GlenabbeyDrive Tr u l l s R o a d Adelaide Avenue EastShore Drive LakeRoad Stevens Road RoenigkDrive La m b s R o a d Ha n c o c k R o a d Ha i n e s S t r e e t Pr o v i d e n c e R o a d 14 57 57 57 22 22 55 55 14 14 34 2 58 59 14 2 34 34 2 2 2 2 M U N I C I P A L I T Y O F C L A R I N G T O N A C T I V E T R A N S P O R T A T I O N M A S T E R P L A N A P R I L 2 0 2 6 MAP 4.1a Proposed Active Transportation Facilities Courtice & Bowmanville 0 1 20.5 Kilometers ± Data retrieved from the Municipality of Clarington, Durham Region Open Data, and Ontario Geohub. Active Transportation Facilities Bicycle Lane Multi-use Path Separated Bicycle Lane Cycle Track Greenway Signed Paved Shoulder Paved Shoulder with Buffer Future Active Transportation Protected Corridor Existing Road and Trail Network Local Road Railway Future Trails Existing Trails BowmanvilleCourtice 35 35 115 115 401 401 401 RegionalHighway2 MillStreet N Man v e r s R o a d Mi l l S t r e e t S King Avenue W No r t h S t r e e t King Avenue E Da r l i n g t o n - C l a r k e T o w n l i n e R o a d Re g i o n a l R d 1 7 Be n n e t t R o a d LakebreezeDrive Concession Street E Grady Drive Pedwell Street PortOfNewcastleDrive Concession Rd 3 Edward Street W Toronto Street Edward Street E Ru d e l l R o a d Ar t h u r S t r e e t Pr o v i d e n c e R o a d 2 2 2 17 17 2 42 42 35 35 35 115 115 115 Taunton Road Ma i n S t r e e t StationStreet Mil l S t r e e t ConcessionRd 5 17 17 4 4 4 M U N I C I P A L I T Y O F C L A R I N G T O N A C T I V E T R A N S P O R T A T I O N M A S T E R P L A N A P R I L 2 0 2 6 MAP 4.1b Proposed Active Transportation Facilities Newcastle & Orono 0 1 20.5 Kilometers ± Data retrieved from the Municipality of Clarington, Durham Region Open Data, and Ontario Geohub. Active Transportation Facilities Bicycle Lane Multi-use Path Separated Bicycle Lane Cycle Track Greenway Signed Paved Shoulder Paved Shoulder with Buffer Future Active Transportation Protected Corridor Existing Road and Trail Network Local Road Railway Future Trails Existing Trails Orono Newcastle 0 1 20.5 Kilometers