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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2025-05-30Clarbgton Electronic Council Communications Information Package Date: May 30, 2025 Time: 12:00 PM Location: ECCIP is an information package and not a meeting. Description: An ECCIP is an electronic package containing correspondence received by Staff for Council's information. This is not a meeting of Council or Committee. Alternate Format: If this information is required in an alternate format, please contact the Accessibility Coordinator, at 905-623-3379 ext. 2131. Members of Council: In accordance with the Procedural By-law, please advise the Municipal Clerk at clerks@clarington.net, if you would like to include one of these items on the next regular agenda of the appropriate Standing Committee, along with the proposed resolution for disposition of the matter. Items will be added to the agenda if the Municipal Clerk is advised by Wednesday at noon the week prior to the appropriate meeting, otherwise the item will be included on the agenda for the next regularly scheduled meeting of the applicable Committee. Members of the Public: can speak to an ECCIP item as a delegation. If you would like to be a delegation at a meeting, please visit the Clarington website. May 30, 2025 Electronic Council Communications Information Package (ECCIP) Pages 1. Region of Durham Correspondence 1.1 Sole Source Procurement for the preparation of the GO Lakeshore East 3 Extension Transit Station Charge Background Study - May 28, 2025 1.2 Energy from Waste —Waste Management Advisory Committee 2025 — 15 2026 Workplan (2025-WR-3)- May 28, 2025 1.3 MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement — Government -to -Government 24 Collaboration between the Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation (MSIFN) and the Region of Durham (2025-COW-18) - May 28, 2025 1.4 Courtice Transit -Oriented Community District Energy System — 33 Recommended Business Model and Governance Framework to Enable Implementation (2025-COW-19) - May 28, 2025 1.5 Region of Durham Response to Bill 5, Protect Ontario by Unleashing the 105 Economy Act, 2025 (2025-CG-7) - May 29, 2025 2. Durham Municipalities Correspondence 3. Other Municipalities Correspondence 4. Provincial / Federal Government and their Agency Correspondence 4.1 Jennifer Keyes, Director, Development and Hazard Policy Branch, 119 Ministry of Natural Resources - Reintroduction of the Geologic Carbon Storage Act - May 27, 2025 5. Miscellaneous Correspondence Page 2 May 28, 2025 June Gallagher Clerk Municipality of Clarington 40 Temperance Street Bowmanville, ON, L1 C 3A6 The Regional This Letter Has Been Forwarded To The Eight Area Clerks Sent Via Email Municipality of Dear J. Gallagher: Durham Corporate Services RE: Sole Source Procurement for the preparation of the GO Department — Lakeshore East Extension Transit Station Charge Legislative Services Division Background Study (2025-COW-20), Our File: T05 605 Rossland Rd. E. Council of the Region of Durham, at its meeting held on May 28, Level 1 2025, adopted the following recommendations of the Committee of PO Box 623 the Whole: Whitby, ON L1 N 6A3 Canada "A) That a sole source contract for the preparation of the Transit 905-668-7711 Station Charge Background Study be awarded to a consultant 1-800-372-1102 team led by N. Barry Lyon Consultants (NBLC), including durham.ca Watson & Associates Economists Limited, with an upset limit Alexander Harras of $175,000, to be funded from the anticipated Transit Station M.P.A. Charge (TSC), with interim financing to be sourced at the Director of discretion of the Commissioner of Finance; Legislative Services & Regional Clerk B) That authorization be provided to proceed with the Transit Station Charge Background Study as soon as possible as per the GO Transit Station Funding Act, 2023; C) That the Region advise the Province that it will contribute all the funds it collects from the Transit Station Charge over 30 years following approval of the TSC by-law after deducing financing and any other related costs, toward the cost of the four new GO Train Stations; If you require this information in an accessible format, please contact Legislative Services at clerks@durham.ca or at 1-800-372-1102 ext. 2097. Page 3 D) That the Commissioner of Finance be authorized to execute the necessary agreements and contracts to implement the above -noted actions; and E) That a copy of Report #2025-COW-20 of the Commissioners of Finance and Community Growth and Economic Development be forwarded to the area municipalities for their information." Please find enclosed a copy of Report #2025-COW-20 for your information. Alexander Harras, M.P.A. Director of Legislative Services & Regional Clerk AH/tf c: N. Taylor, Commissioner of Finance L. Lovery, Director, Rapid Transit and Transit Oriented Development Page 4 If this information is required in an accessible format, please contact 1-800-372-1102 ext. 2564 The Regional Municipality of Durham Report To: Committee of the Whole From: Commissioner of Finance and Commissioner of Community Growth and Economic Development Report: #2025-COW-20 Date: May 14, 2025 Subject: Sole Source Procurement for the preparation of the GO Lakeshore East Extension Transit Station Charae Backaround Studv Recommendation: That the Committee of the Whole recommends to Regional Council: A) That a sole source contract for the preparation of the Transit Station Charge Background Study be awarded to a consultant team led by N. Barry Lyon Consultants (NBLC), including Watson & Associates Economists Limited, with an upset limit of $175,000, to be funded from the anticipated Transit Station Charge (TSC), with interim financing to be sourced at the discretion of the Commissioner of Finance; B) That authorization be provided to proceed with the Transit Station Charge Background Study as soon as possible as per the GO Transit Station Funding Act, 2023; C) That the Region advise the Province that it will contribute all the funds it collects from the Transit Station Charge over 30 years following approval of the TSC by-law after deducing financing and any other related costs, toward the cost of the four new GO Train Stations; D) That the Commissioner of Finance be authorized to execute the necessary agreements and contracts to implement the above -noted actions; and Page 5 Report #2025-COW-20 Page 2of7 E) That a copy of Report #2025-COW-20 be forwarded to the area municipalities for their information. Report: 1. Purpose 1.1 The purpose of this report is to seek Council authorization to award a sole source contract to N. Barry Lyon Consulting (NBLC) and Watson & Associates to undertake the TSC Background Study under the Transit Station Funding Act (the Act). 1.2 This report complements the resolution passed unanimously at the Regional Council meeting held on March 26, 2025, requesting the province to expedite the release of the regulations to the Act. 2. Background 2.1 The GO Lakeshore East Extension to Bowmanville has been a long-standing priority for Durham Region, the City of Oshawa, the Municipality of Clarington, and the province. It proposes a 20-kilometre extension of rail service from its current terminus in Oshawa, along the CP Rail line, with four new GO Train stations, two in the City of Oshawa and two the Municipality of Clarington. 2.2 In 2018, the Province announced that while it would continue to pay for the cost of extending rail infrastructure, but that it would no longer pay for the design and construction of new GO stations. As there is no scenario in Durham Region whereby a single developer will come forward to pay for/build these new GO Train stations, the Region must take the initiative to ensure four new stations are operational on the opening day of service. 2.3 On December 4, 2023, the Transit Station Funding Act (Bill 131) received Royal Assent, which enables municipalities to support the delivery of new GO Stations by paying for the costs of station design and construction upfront, and collecting a transit station charge levied on new development surrounding the proposed GO Stations. To implement a TSC, the Act requires the completion of a "Background Study", and a by-law to establish the amount of the charge, which must also be approved by the Minister of Infrastructure. 2.4 The requirements for the prescribed Background Study will be detailed in the impending regulations to the Act. The Province has not indicated an anticipated date of release at this time. While awaiting the release of the regulations for the Act, N. Report #2025-COW-20 Page 3of7 Barry Lyons Consulting (NBLC) was engaged in April 2024 to conduct a preliminary Economic Study to identify land value capture potential using current and future market projections, and assess the financial feasibility of a TSC as a funding tool for the proposed stations. Watson & Associates was retained as a subconsultant to NBLC to undertake financial testing using growth forecasts and identify projected transit station charge revenues. 3. Previous Reports and Decisions 3.1 On March 26, 2025, Regional Council unanimously endorsed a motion requesting the Province to expedite the release of the regulations to enable the Region to proceed with a TSC by-law (Attachment 1). 3.2 On September 25, 2024, Regional Council received a confidential briefing on the Durham Station Implementation Strategy and the interim findings of the GO Lakeshore East Transit Station Charge Economic Study. 3.3 In April 2024, Committee of the Whole and Council considered Report #2024-COW-14 which recommended the Region's response to the Ontario Regulatory Registry posting related to the "Proposal to create regulation to support implementation of the GO Transit Station Funding Act, 2023". 3.4 In April 2024, Committee of the Whole and Council considered Report #2024-COW-13 which recommended the sole source procurement for the Economic Study to undertake the analysis necessary to prepare the Region for the future prescribed Bill 131 Background Study. 4. Importance of Being in a State of Readiness 4.1 Regional staff continue to advance efforts towards implementing a TSC under the Act, including assessing the financial feasibility of a TSC as a funding tool for four new stations through a preliminary TSC Economic Study. However, the Province has yet to release the necessary regulations under the Act that allow the Region to proceed with the Background Study, public consultation process, and other requirements necessary to adopt a TSC by-law. 4.2 During this interim period, there have been several residential and mixed -use development applications brought forward to the City of Oshawa and the Municipality of Clarington proposing significant new units adjacent to the planned GO Station sites. To ensure the viability and effectiveness of the Region's station funding program, it is essential that commitments from the developers of these Page 7 Report #2025-COW-20 Page 4 of 7 projects are obtained in the absence of a TSC by-law. It is critical that the province expedite the release of the regulations under the Act, and that the Region remain in a state of readiness to proceed with next steps upon their release. 4.3 While the regulations are necessary to complete the Background Study, staff, in consultation with NBLC and Watson & Associates, have identified early portions of the work, including the economic components and analyses, that can be completed during the interim period, considering the active development applications. Proceeding with these early components will ensure that the Region is prepared to advance other requirements of the Background Study upon the release of the regulations, as well as the public consultation process and the TSC by-law. 5. Financial Implications 5.1 The Region's Purchasing By-law #16-2020, Sec. 7.2 Limited Tendering (sole/single source purchases) permits the acquisition of goods and services through limited tendering under specific circumstances outlined in Appendix C of the By-law. Section 1.1 of Appendix "C" permits sole source purchases where the goods or services can be supplied only by a particular supplier, to ensure compatibility with existing goods, or to maintain specialized goods that must be maintained by the manufacturer of those goods or its representative. 5.2 NBLC was initially engaged in 2019 to review and recommend a rail alignment that would generate the best outcomes from a development perspective and in 2021 to assist the Region in creating a modified, market -driven Station Implementation Strategy. NBLC has continued to work with the Region, providing the foundational research and analysis for the strategy that was used as the basis for the Economic Study to examine the efficacy of a TSC for the GO Lakeshore East Extension. Through their research and analysis not just within Durham Region but across other municipalities in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, NBLC and Watson & Associates have gained extensive knowledge, relationships, and strategic insights to enable this work to proceed and would be difficult to replace through an alternative source. Continuing the project with the same consultants will give the project the best chance for positive outcomes as well as meeting project timelines. 5.3 Staff recommend that a sole -source contract be awarded to NBLC including Watson & Associates, with an upset limit of $175,000 to undertake the Background Study, in order to ensure the Region's preparedness to advance the TSC program and minimize risks to the TSC program and development activity timelines. Report #2025-COW-20 Page 5 of 7 5.4 Potentially, the Region will be required to undertake long term debt to cover the upfront contribution to the costs of the new GO Train stations, which will trigger associated financing costs. Debt is likely required due to the unpredictable timing of revenues from the TSC over the 30-year period, and the contribution amount from the Region will be the net revenue after accounting for financing and other administrative costs associated with the debt. 5.5 It is recommended that the Commissioner of Finance be authorized to use interim financing to cover the $175,000 necessary for the TSC Background Study. As the project proceeds, the interim financing could be restructured to become part of the long-term debt to upfront the cost of the four new GO stations with recovery through the new TSC. However, in the unlikely event the project does not advance, the Region would be unable to recover the interim financing. 6. Relationship to Strategic Plan 6.1 The GO Lakeshore East Extension to Bowmanville will improve mobility and travel options, supports transit -oriented development and in particular, housing, and aligns with/addresses the following Strategic Direction(s) and Pathway(s) in the Region's 2025-2035 Strategic Plan- a) Connected and Vibrant Communities • C1. Align Regional infrastructure and asset management with projected growth, climate impacts, and community needs. • C2. Enable a full range of housing options, including housing that is affordable and close to transit. • C3. Improve public transit system connectivity, reliability, and competitiveness. • C4. Improve road safety, including the expansion and connection of active transportation networks to enhance the range of safe mobility options. • C6. Continue to revitalize and transform downtowns into hubs of economic, social, and cultural connection. • C7. Create accessible, lively, and culturally welcoming public spaces, including opportunities to access nature. b) Environmental Sustainability and Climate Action • E2. Collaborate with partners on the low -carbon transition to reduce community greenhouse gas emissions across Durham Region. Report #2025-COW-20 c) Strong Relationships Page 6of7 • S1. Enhance inclusive opportunities for community engagement and meaningful collaboration. • S2. Build and strengthen respectful relationships with First Nations, Inuit, Metis, and urban Indigenous communities. • S3. Collaborate across local area municipalities, with agencies, non- profits, and community partners to deliver co-ordinated and efficient services. • S4. Advocate to the federal and provincial government and agencies to advance regional priorities. • S5. Ensure accountable and transparent decision -making to serve community needs, while responsibly managing available resources. 6.2 This report aligns with/addresses the following Foundation(s) in the Region's 2025- 2035 Strategic Plan: a) People: Making the Region of Durham a great place to work, attracting, and retaining talent. b) Processes: Continuously improving processes to ensure we are responsive to community needs. 7. Conclusion and Next Steps 7.1 The preliminary TSC Economic Study found that land value capture is a viable approach to financing transit stations. However, there are active developments seeking to proceed in the interim period, prior to the enactment of the TSC by-law. 7.2 To ensure the success of the station funding program through the TSC, it is critical that the Region remain in a state of readiness to proceed with the Background Study and TSC by-law immediately following the release of the regulations to the Act. As such, it is critical that the Region to embark on the early stages of the Background Study as soon as possible. Regional staff will continue to collaborate with area municipalities, the province, Metrolinx, and other stakeholders in the development of the preliminary components of the Background Study. 7.3 Upon the release of the regulations to the Act, Regional staff will undertake the necessary public consultation and draft a by-law for Regional Council's consideration to implement the TSC. Page 10 Report #2025-COW-20 Page 7 of 7 7.4 This report was prepared in consultation with staff from Legal Services and the CAO's Office. 8. Attachments Attachment #1: Resolution adopted at the Regional Municipality of Durham Council meeting held on March 26, 2025, requesting the Province of Ontario to Expedite Release of the Regulations for the GO Transit Station Funding Act, 2023. Respectfully submitted, Original signed by Brian Bridgeman, MCIP, RPP, PLE Commissioner of Community Growth and Economic Development Original signed by Nancy Taylor, BBA, CPA, CA Commissioner of Finance Recommended for Presentation to Committee Original signed by Elaine C. Baxter-Trahair Chief Administrative Officer Page 11 Attachment 1 The Regional Municipality of Durham Corporate Services Department — Legislative Services Division 605 Rossland Rd. E. Level 1 PO Box 623 Whitby, ON L1 N 6A3 Canada 905-668-7711 1-800-372-1102 durham.ca Alexander Harras M.P.A. Director of Legislative Services & Regional Clerk SENT VIA EMAIL March 26, 2025 The Honourable Doug Ford Premier of Ontario Legislative Building, Queen's Park Toronto, ON M7A 1A1 Dear Premier Ford, RE: Request to the Province of Ontario to release the regulations to enable the Region of Durham to proceed with a background study on Transit Station Charge(s) to support the funding and delivery of four new GO stations and Transit - Oriented Communities along the GO Lakeshore East Extension to Bowmanville, Our File: D21 Council of the Region of Durham, at its meeting held on March 26, 2025, passed the following resolution: "WHEREAS residents, workers, and businesses in the Region of Durham rely on regional transportation to connect with one another, commute to and from work, and reach new customers; AND WHEREAS current economic uncertainty reinforces the need to invest in our communities, invest in public infrastructure, build more homes, and strengthen the connections between residents, workers and businesses in the region; AND WHEREAS the Region of Durham identifies the GO Lakeshore East Extension as a priority project that can drive economic development, transform and connect our communities and help achieve a more sustainable future; AND WHEREAS the Province of Ontario committed to build and fund the GO Lakeshore East Extension in the 2022 provincial budget; If you require this information in an accessible format, please contact 1-800-372-1102 extension 2097. Page 12 AND WHEREAS the Region of Durham and the Province of Ontario have worked collaboratively together on an innovative approach to transit -oriented community development; AND WHEREAS the Province of Ontario introduced and passed the GO Transit Station Funding Act, 2023, to enable more GO stations, spur more housing and mixed -use communities around transit, and help make it more convenient to travel across the Greater Toronto Area and surrounding regions; AND WHEREAS the Region of Durham estimates that the GO Transit Station Funding Act, 2023 will enable up to 16,000 new homes across four new transit -oriented communities in the next 30 years, providing much needed housing options in the Region of Durham; AND WHEREAS the Region of Durham wishes to expeditiously pass a transit station charge by-law under the GO Transit Station Funding Act, 2023 to support the funding of the four new GO stations along the GO Lakeshore East Extension; AND WHEREAS there are current development applications in the City of Oshawa and Municipality of Clarington that are within the area of future GO stations where a transit station charge would apply. NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED: THAT the Council of the Regional Municipality of Durham hereby requests that the Province of Ontario expedite the release of regulations under the GO Transit Station Funding Act, 2023 to enable the Region of Durham to proceed with a background study and pass a Transit Station Charge By-law to support the funding of four new GO stations and Transit -Oriented Communities along the GO Lakeshore East Extension to Bowmanville. AND THAT a copy of this resolution be sent to the Honourable Doug Ford, Premier of Ontario, the Minister of Transportation, the Minister of Infrastructure, all local Durham MPPs, and all Durham local area municipalities." A Y cwi-a4- Alexander Harras, Director of Legislative Services & Regional Clerk AH/sr Page 13 C. Hon. Prabmeet Singh Sarkaria, Minister of Transportation Hon. Kinga Surma, Minister of Infrastructure Hon. P. Bethlenfalvy, Minister of Finance, MPP, Pickering/Ajax R. Cerjanec, MPP, Ajax L. Coe, MPP, Whitby Hon. T. McCarthy, Minister of Environment, Conservation and Parks, MPP, Durham J. French, MPP, Oshawa L. Scott, MPP, Haliburton/Kawartha Lakes/Brock Hon. D. Piccini, Minister of Labour, Immigration, Training and Skills Development , MPP, Northumberland/Peterborough South Town of Ajax Township of Brock Municipality of Clarington City of Oshawa City of Pickering Township of Scugog Township of Uxbridge Town of Whitby Page 14 SENT VIA EMAIL DURHAM REGION The Regional Municipality of Durham Corporate Services Department — Legislative Services Division 605 Rossland Rd. E. Level 1 PO Box 623 Whitby, ON L1 N 6A3 Canada 905-668-7711 1-800-372-1102 durham.ca Alexander Harras M.P.A. Director of Legislative Services & Regional Clerk May 28, 2025 June Gallagher Clerk Municipality of Clarington 40 Temperance Street Bowmanville ON L1 C 3A6 Dear J. Gallagher: RE: Energy from Waste —Waste Management Advisory Committee 2025 — 2026 Workplan (2025-WR-3), Our File: C14 Council of the Region of Durham, at its meeting held on May 28, 2025, adopted the following recommendations of the Works Committee: "A) That the Energy from Waste -Waste Management Advisory Committee's 2025 — 2026 Workplan, as outlined in Attachment #1 to Report #2025-WR-3 of the Commissioner of Works, be approved; and B) That a copy of Report #2025-WR-3 be forwarded to the Municipality of Clarington for information." Please find enclosed a copy of Report #2025-WR-3 for your information. ACexander Harras Alexander Harras, Director of Legislative Services & Regional Clerk AH/sc c: R. Jagannathan, Commissioner of Works If you require this information in an accessible format, please contact 1-800-372-1102 extension 2097. Page 15 If this information is required in an accessible format, please contact 1-800-372-1102 ext. 3540. The Regional Municipality of Durham Report To: Works Committee From: Commissioner of Works Report: #2025-WR-3 Date: May 7, 2025 Subject: Energy from Waste -Waste Management Advisory Committee 2025 - 2026 Workplan Recommendations: That the Works Committee recommends to Regional Council: A) That the Energy from Waste -Waste Management Advisory Committee's 2025 — 2026 Workplan, as outlined in Attachment #1, be approved; and B) That a copy of this report be forwarded to the Municipality of Clarington for information. Report: 1. Purpose 1.1 The Energy from Waste -Waste Management Advisory Committee (EFW-WMAC) has developed a proposed 2025 — 2026 EFW-WMAC Workplan (Attachment #1) to guide EFW-WMAC activities for the remainder of 2025 and 2026. Details of the proposed Workplan are provided herein for approval by Works Committee and Regional Council. 2. Background 2.1 The EFW-WMAC was established pursuant to a stipulation within the Host Community Agreement between the Regional Municipality of Durham (Region) Page 16 Report #2025-WR-3 Page 2 of 5 and the Municipality of Clarington (Clarington), and in accordance with Regional Council directives. 2.2 The Terms of Reference for this committee was approved by both the Region and Clarington Councils and includes the following mandate: a. The EFW-WMAC will serve in an advisory capacity to the Region's Works Committee on issues or concerns related to waste diversion, waste management, environmental performance or monitoring of the EFW facility, including the construction and operational phases. b. The EFW-WMAC will be comprised of volunteers from Durham Region appointed by Regional Council and Clarington Council in accordance with the Terms of Reference. 3. Previous Reports and Decisions 3.1 Report #2025-WR-1 recommended that five applicants selected by the Region's Works Committee be appointed for a two-year term on the EFW-WMAC. The remaining four EFW-WMAC members were appointed by Clarington. Report #2025-WR-1 was approved by Regional Council on February 26, 2025. 4. 2025 — 2026 Workplan 4.1 The purpose of the attached 2025-2026 EFW-WMAC Workplan (Workplan) is to focus on tasks that will facilitate the implementation of waste to energy and waste diversion initiatives and to provide input on innovative approaches to waste reduction. 4.2 The key elements of the Workplan align with the guiding principles endorsed by Regional Council for the development of the Long-term Waste Management Plan 2022-2040. The key elements of the EFW-WMAC Workplan are: a. Emphasize rethink, reduce, and reuse principles as the first steps in reducing waste generation. b. Deliver cost effective waste management services to a rapidly growing and diverse population. C. Apply innovative approaches to the Region's waste streams to manage them as resources in a Circular Economy. Page 17 Report #2025-WR-3 Page 3of5 4.3 The proposed Workplan identifies key tasks to be addressed during the current term, including: • Supporting the implementation of Waste Management Division plans and programs including the Long-term Waste Management Plan, Extended Producer Responsibility programs and expanding organics diversion programs. • Reviewing and assessing opportunities for the Region to optimize and increase diversion opportunities within Durham Region. • Increasing understanding of key technologies employed by the Region for landfill methane mitigation, and increasing knowledge on the Durham York Energy Centre, its associated technologies and environmental performance. 4.4 The EFW-WMAC will also assume a supportive role in participating in community outreach programs aimed at enhancing awareness of waste reduction and energy from waste initiatives in Durham Region. 4.5 The EFW-WMAC will also broaden its knowledge of waste management and waste diversion technologies by reviewing presentations and engaging in discussion on Regional Waste Management strategies. 5. Relationship to Strategic Plan 5.1 This report aligns with/addresses the following Strategic Direction(s) and Pathway(s) in Durham Region's 2025-2035 Strategic Plan: a. Environmental Sustainability and Climate Action • E1. Reduce corporate greenhouse gas emissions to meet established targets. • E2. Collaborate with partners on the low -carbon transition to reduce community greenhouse gas emissions across Durham Region. • E4. Lead the transition to sustainable living through waste management, diversion, and the circular economy. Page 18 Report #2025-WR-3 Page 4 of 5 • E5. Respect the natural environment, including greenspaces, waterways, and agricultural lands. b. Strong Relationships • S1. Enhance inclusive opportunities for community engagement and meaningful collaboration. 5.2 This report aligns with/addresses the following Foundation(s) in Durham Region's 2025-2035 Strategic Plan: a. Processes: Continuously improving processes to ensure we are responsive to community needs. b. Technology: Keeping pace with technological change to ensure efficient and effective service delivery. 6. Conclusion 6.1 The EFW-WMAC Workplan includes tasks to support waste diversion and community education in Durham Region. These tasks are complementary to Durham Region's approved objectives of the Long-term Waste Management Plan and will support its implementation. 6.2 For additional information, contact: Andrew Evans, Director Waste Management Services, at 905-668-4113 extension 4102. Page 19 Report #2025-WR-3 7. Attachments Attachment #1: 2025 — 2026 EFW-WMAC Workplan Respectfully submitted, Original signed by: Ramesh Jagannathan, MBA, M.Eng., P.Eng., PTOE Commissioner of Works Recommended for Presentation to Committee Original signed by: Elaine C. Baxter-Trahair Chief Administrative Officer Page 5 of 5 Page 20 Attachment #1 to Report #2025-WR-3 Energy from Waste -Waste Management Advisory Committee (EFW-WMAC) Workplan (2025-2026) 1. Purpose 1.1. The Regional Municipality of Durham's (Region) Energy from Waste -Waste Management Advisory Committee (EFW-WMAC) requires preparation of a Workplan for the current term (2025-2026). 1.2. The purpose of the EFW-WMAC Workplan is to focus on tasks that will assist with waste diversion, Circular Economy initiatives and advise on innovative approaches for waste reduction. 2. Vision 2.1. Reduce the amount of waste created in Durham Region and manage the generated waste as a resource. Build an innovative waste -to -energy (WtE) and waste diversion system, balancing financial needs and environmental sustainability. 3. Waste Diversion Background 3.1. The Region and our communities provide services to over 225,000 households, 203,000 single-family households, and 22,000 multi -family households according to January 2024 records. Durham Region is one of the fastest growing regions in Canada. By 2041, Durham Region's population is expected to almost double, increasing to approximately 1.2 million people. This also means there will be a need for increased waste management services by 2041. 3.2. In July 2024, the Region launched an Enhanced Green Bin Program, which allows for the addition of materials, including diapers and pet waste. 3.3. Regional Council has also approved the investigation of the potential to establish a multi - resident organics program, which is scheduled for launch starting in June 2025. 3.4. Management of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from legacy closed landfills through innovative approaches is also part of the Region's Waste Management and WtE Programs. An important prior decision by Regional Council is that no new landfills will be created. This prior decision was one of the reasons for establishing the Durham York Energy Centre (DYEC). Page 21 Attachment #1 to Report #2025-WR-3 EFW-WMAC Workplan (2025-2026) Page 2 of 3 3.5. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is implemented via the Resource Recovery and Circular Economy Act (RRCEA), 2016 (the Act). The Act, and its regulations are in force to ensure Producers of products become more responsible for managing recycling and minimize product packaging. The Region's operations transitioned to EPR on July 1, 2024. Transition within the remainder of Ontario is ongoing through the end of 2025. Starting in 2026, Circular Materials, as the operator of the program, may make additional changes to how materials are collected and managed within the Province. 3.6. The Hazardous and Special Products (HSP) regulations were released in February 2021 and have been in effect since October 1, 2021. At that time, most materials managed in the existing program were transitioned to the new producer responsibility. 4. Workplan Elements • Emphasize rethink, reduce, and reuse principles as the first steps in reducing waste generation. • Deliver cost effective waste management services to a rapidly growing and diverse population. • Apply innovative approaches to the Region's waste streams to manage them as resources in a Circular Economy. 5. EFW-WMAC Workplan 2025-2026 Workplan Overview 5.1. Given the EFW-WMAC committee resources and two-year time horizon for the Workplan, tasks are defined below: Workplan Tasks 5.2. Plan and Program Implementation a) Waste Management Plan Implementation i) Support the implementation of the first five-year action plan, provide input, ideas and track progress for the term, and assist in development of future action plans. b) Extended Producer Responsibility i) Provide input on programs, promotion and education Page 22 EFW-WMAC Workplan (2025-2026) Page 3 of 3 c) Increased Organics Diversion i) Assist with communication to raise awareness and educate community about organics diversion. 5.3. Diversion Program Assessment a) Review and assess opportunities for the Region to optimize and increase diversion opportunities within Durham Region including: i) Additional waste/hazardous waste recycling efforts that may have value for the Region such as small propane bottles, batteries, spent printer cartridges and brainstorm other reuse/reduce options. ii) Assess optimization of existing waste diversion programs in key growth areas and assist in optimization of existing transfer stations. iii) Research diversion opportunities for other potential programs such as mattress recycling or others. iv) Research opportunities for renewed communication strategies 5.4. Technology and Facility Review a) Landfill Management: Assist and advise on the implementation of landfill remediation technologies and strategies (mining, biocover systems, small flares). b) DYEC: EFW-WMAC to increase knowledge of DYEC, energy from waste and associated technologies, environmental performance. 6. EFW-WMAC Supporting Activities 6.1. The Committee also participates in community outreach programs that support waste reduction and energy from waste awareness and appreciation in Durham Region. Examples are in -person events, education, and outreach, combining EFW-WMAC community activities at the same time as other Regional events. 6.2. Expanding knowledge of waste management and waste diversion technologies and principles by reviewing presentations and engaging in discussion on Regional Waste Management Strategies. 7. Community Outreach and Stewardship (potential actions) 7.1. Presentation to community on some aspects of recycling, WtE, waste diversion (example: the source of microplastics and their effect on the environment, composting, organics diversion, with a requirement to notify Works staff beforehand). Page 23 Sent Via Email May 28, 2025 Carole Saab Chief Executive Officer Federation of Canadian Municipalities 24 Clarence St. Ottawa, ON K1 N 5P3 Dear C. Saab: The Regional Municipality RE: MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement — Government -to - Durham Government Collaboration between the Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation (MSIFN) and the Region of Corporate Services Durham (2025-COW-18), Our File: C00 Department — Legislative Services Division Council of the Region of Durham, at its meeting held on May 28, 2025, adopted the following recommendations of the Committee of 605 Rossland Rd. E. the Whole: Level 1 PO Box 623 "A) That the MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement (Appendix 1 to Whitby, ON L1 N 6A3 Canada Report #2025-COW-18 of the Chief Administrative Officer) be endorsed for signature; 905-668-7711 1-800-372-1102 B) That staff be directed to plan for a signing ceremony to occur durham.ca at a mutually -agreed upon date; and Alexander Harras C) That a copy of the MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement be M.P.A. forwarded to local area municipalities in Durham Region, and Director of the Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO) and the Legislative Services & Regional Clerk Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM), for their information." Please find enclosed a copy of the MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement for your information. Alexander Harras, M.P.A. Director of Legislative Services & Regional Clerk AH/tf If you require this information in an accessible format, please contact Legislative Services at clerks@durham.ca or at 1-800-372-1102 ext. 2097. Page 24 c: B. Rosborough, Executive Director, Association of Municipalities of Ontario J. Grossi, Clerk, Town of Ajax F. Lamanna, Clerk, Township of Brock J. Gallagher, Clerk, Municipality of Clarington M. Medeiros, Clerk, City of Oshawa S. Cassel, Clerk, City of Pickering B. Labelle, Clerk, Township of Scugog D. Leroux, Clerk, Township of Uxbridge C. Harris, Clerk, Town of Whitby S. Austin, Executive Director, Strategic Initiatives Page 25 Appendix 1- MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement COLLABORATION AGREEMENT (the "Agreement") BETWEEN THE MISSISSAUGAS OF SCUGOG ISLAND FIRST NATION ("MSIFN") AND THE REGION OF DURHAM (the "Region") 1. Introduction This Agreement forms the foundation for government -to -government collaboration between the Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation (MSIFN) and the Region of Durham ("Durham", or the "Region"). These are herein referred to as the "Parties", which are described as follows. MSIFN is member of the Williams Treaties First Nations (WTFNs), with reserve, traditional, and treaty territory lands that are within what is now known as Durham. Since time immemorial, Michi Saagiig (Mississauga) people have secured their needs from the surrounding environment. However, the cumulative impacts of development across the entire WTFN territory have greatly reduced the opportunities available for MSIFN's rights and practices. Implementation of the 1923 Williams Treaties by the Crown resulted in the denial of rights, including harvesting rights, and lack of proper compensation and additional lands. In 2018, the WTFNs negotiated a Settlement Agreement with the Crown that recognizes pre-existing rights, including treaty harvesting rights, for WTFN members, and facilitates the addition of up to 11,000 acres to each of the seven WTFNs' reserve land base. Decisions that occurred in the Region prior to 2018 may not have recognized these pre- existing rights, which has exacerbated the cumulative impacts. Decisions subsequent to Page 26 Appendix 1- MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement the Settlement Agreement may support, or extinguish, MSIFN's ability to secure an additional 11,000 acres of reserve land. Durham Region covers a diverse landscape that includes urban centres and rural communities, as well as natural spaces and agricultural lands. These are the lands and waters with which Indigenous Peoples have had a relationship of reciprocity since time immemorial. Within the Region of Durham there are eight local area municipalities, including the Town of Ajax, Township of Brock, Municipality of Clarington, City of Oshawa, City of Pickering, Township of Scugog, Township of Uxbridge, and the Town of Whitby. Currently home to more than 750,000 residents, Durham Region continues to be one of the fastest growing communities in Canada. Durham supports the 2018 Settlement Agreement and looks forward to a positive future of respect and collaboration. 2. Purpose This Agreement will help to further reconciliation between the Parties, while opening new opportunities to advance mutual goals. The Parties are committed to: 2.1.1 Developing and maintaining a long-term relationship that encourages trust and respect. 2.1.2 Learning more about one another, including each other's goals for their communities and the lands and waters within the Region. 2.1.3 Protecting, caring for, and restoring lands and waters for mutual benefit of their communities and support of MSIFN rights, including harvesting rights. 2.1.4 Collaborating on clean energy and infrastructure economic development opportunities to the mutual benefit of the Parties, the climate and natural environment, and economic reconciliation. 2.1.5 Considering opportunities for joint investment in revenue -generating infrastructure services where MSIFN's ability to secure low-cost capital may assist the Region in advancing and accelerating necessary infrastructure. 2 Page 27 Appendix 1- MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement 2.1.6 Upholding and furthering principles of reconciliation that are outlined in the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada's Report, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), and Canada's United Nations Declaration on the federal United Nations Declaration on Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act (UNDRIPA). 3. Working Together 3.1 Communications and Confidentiality The following provisions will provide the guiding communication principles for collaboration between the Parties during the implementation of this Agreement. 3.1.1 The Parties will engage in open, honest, meaningful, and transparent communications on matters of mutual interest or concern. Discussions can be informal, and agreements reached during discussions will be documented. 3.1.2 The Parties will maintain confidentiality in mutual communications when appropriate, while recognizing the nature of governance and applicable legislation, including the Municipal Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act that relates to the Parties, and the First Nations Principles of Ownership, Control, Access, and Possession, (OCAP). When OCAP principles are not in contravention of MFIPPA, they will be applied. In cases where OCAP principles contravene MFIPPA, the Region must conform to MFIPPA. 3.1.3 Durham will deploy resources to seek to reduce the administrative burden on MSIFN. This will include: a) Engaging MSIFN on matters of interest as early as possible. b) Moving away from a fragmented approach to consultation files and towards approaches that are more coordinated and collaborative in nature (see 3.2.3). The Region will engage in consultation beyond the files on which it has been delegated the constitutional Duty to Consult. c) Summarizing key impacts and opportunities for files provided to MSIFN (e.g., clean energy partnership opportunities, impacts on key environmental features). 3 Page 28 Appendix 1- MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement 3.1.4 The Parties will meet at least quarterly, but more as needed to review matters of interest under this Agreement. Specifically: a) Meetings will begin with general updates from both Parties and will then focus on project -specific matters with support from key project team members. b) The Region will provide consistency in staff to build institutional memory and support relationship building. c) Attendees will include at least two appointees made by each Party. 3.1.5 Within 90 days of signing, the Parties will meet to begin preparing an annual work plan. 3.1.6 The Parties will collaboratively establish key decision points on matters that could have irreversible impacts on the lands and waters that are critical for current and future practice of Indigenous rights. 3.1.7 The Region will investigate the establishment of an Indigenous Advisory Committee, similar to existing Committees of Council that provide insight and advice. 3.2 Collaboration Opportunities The Parties agree to advance the following opportunities for collaboration: 3.2.1 Ecological Protection and Restoration The parties commit to working together to protect lands and waters within the Region, while advancing ecological restoration opportunities that also support cultural connections to restored ecosystems, recognizing that: a) The Region contains lands that have historically provided sustenance and cultural connections of critical importance to MSIFN members. However, the extensive development of the Region means that many members are no longer, or have never, been able to practice their rights that depend on healthy lands and waters. b) Protection of remaining natural areas and their health is critical to prevent exacerbated cumulative impacts on MSIFN rights. As a shared responsibility, protection of ecosystems should occur in a manner that upholds MSIFN rights, interests, and equally values Indigenous Knowledge alongside western science/assessments. 0 Page 29 Appendix 1- MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement c) The high magnitude of cumulative impacts of past decisions at all levels means that restoration of lands and waters is crucial. Restoration should aim to support MSIFN member's cultural connections, while healing ecosystems that both Parties' community members rely on. d) Ontario's policies and programs will be treated as a minimum, the Parties will strive to higher standards whenever possible. 3.2.2 Economic Development, Partnerships, Arts and Culture This Agreement will support economic reconciliation and climate change mitigation by: a) Facilitating clean energy development and partnerships, while also supporting First Nation procurement opportunities. b) Ensuring opportunities for the Region to learn about MSIFN businesses, to inform MSIFN with respect to the types of contractors the Region engages, and to identify and reduce barriers to entry for First Nation participation. c) Exploring opportunities for joint economic development initiatives, land use or acquisition or joint infrastructure investments on mutually beneficial priorities, including through participation in the Durham Economic Development Partnership (DEDP) table, and as a permanent member of the Durham Economic Task Force (DETF). d) Leveraging MSIFN community connections for input into art, design, and cultural opportunities, including placemaking and the identification of spaces to host community work. 3.2.3 Consultation, Accommodation and Collaboration Within Durham, local area municipalities now provide planning files to MSIFN for consultation. To the extent possible, the Parties commit to improving the process to support MSIFN's rights and interests, including: a) Establishing consultation and accommodation protocols that allow for a coordinated approach that proactively considers the cumulative impacts of decisions. b) Approaching the creation and review of key strategic and corporate documents (e.g., infrastructure and service planning) through a lens that examines potential connections to MSIFN reserve and fee simple lands. G� Page 30 Appendix 1- MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement c) Servicing considerations (e.g. public transportation, Regional roads, waste management, etc.) will include the potential for MSIFN partnerships. d) Durham will help identify and support opportunities for MSIFN to acquire lands under the fee simple process outlined in the WTFN Settlement Agreement. 3.3 Terms and Conditions The Parties agree to abide by the following terms and conditions: a) Reasonable capacity funding will be provided to facilitate MSIFN participation in this Agreement. b) This will be a living document that can be revised from time -to -time with mutual agreement of the Parties. The parties will review the Agreement annually to ensure that it is serving its intended purpose. c) The Agreement will have an initial five-year term that can be extended by mutual agreement, in writing. d) The Agreement can be terminated with 30 days written notice by either Party, which should include reasoning for termination. Prior to issuing written notice, the Parties agree to meet and work towards resolution of any concerns. During the 30-day written notice period, the Parties will meet and attempt to address the reasoning for termination given in the notice. e) Any disputes will be elevated to MSIFN's Chief and/or assigned Councillor, along with Durham's Regional Chair. f) This Agreement does not constitute consultation, and does not superseded MSIFN's inherent, Aboriginal, or Treaty rights. n Page 31 Appendix 1- MSIFN-Durham Bilateral Agreement SIGNED THE day of MISSISSAUGAS OF SCUGOG ISLAND FIRST NATION Chief Kelly LaRocca Councillor Sylvia Coleman Councillor Jeff Forbes 2025. REGION OF DURHAM Regional Chair and CEO John Henry Signatory 2 Signatory 3 7 Page 32 The Regional Municipality of Durham Corporate Services Department — Legislative Services Division 605 Rossland Rd. E. Level 1 PO Box 623 Whitby, ON L1 N 6A3 Canada 905-668-7711 1-800-372-1102 durham.ca Alexander Harras M.P.A. Director of Legislative Services & Regional Clerk Sent Via Email May 28, 2025 Josef Filipowicz Executive Director of Policy Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing College Park 777 Bay Street, 171" Floor Toronto, ON M7A 2J3 Dear J. Filipowicz: RE: Courtice Transit -Oriented Community District Energy System — Recommended Business Model and Governance Framework to Enable Implementation (2025-COW-19), Our File: D00 Council of the Region of Durham, at its meeting held on May 28, 2025, adopted the following recommendations of the Committee of the Whole: "A) That Regional Staff be directed to collaborate with staff from the Municipality of Clarington to prepare the comprehensive business case study and conduct the public consultation required under the Municipal Act and the regulations to allow the municipalities to create a Joint Municipal Services Board (JMSB) to govern the delivery of a district energy system (DES) in the Courtice Transit Oriented Community (CTOC), and a jointly owned Municipal Services Corporation (MSC) with a mandate to develop, own, and operate the CTOC DES; B) That staff be directed to take necessary steps to submit a preliminary funding application to the Federation of Canadian Municipalities' Green Municipal Fund Community Energy Systems Capital Project Stream for a combined grant and loan up to a maximum of $10 million to support the first phase of the proposed CTOC DES project; If you require this information in an accessible format, please contact Legislative Services at clerks@durham.ca or at 1-800-372-1102 ext. 2097. Page 33 C) That staff be directed to explore opportunities for public and private sector financing partnerships to support the implementation of the proposed CTOC DES, including grant funding from the federal and provincial governments, as well as project financing opportunities through the Canada Infrastructure Bank, Infrastructure Ontario, and other institutions; D) That staff be directed to undertake a non -binding Request for Expressions of Interest (RFEOI) to identify potential private sector partners to enable the provision of necessary infrastructure, operational support, and expertise in DES delivery in the CTOC; E) That staff be directed to report back to Council before the end of Q1 2026 with a comprehensive business case study for a jointly -owned Municipal Service Board and MSC between the Region and Clarington for final approval to create both entities, including key recommendations on how the entities are proposed to be governed and managed, sources of capital to enable project implementation, available preliminary business case updates, key partnerships with third parties for project implementation and operations, as well as a detailed project implementation plan that shows how the infrastructure will be delivered in time for the high density development planned around the future Courtice GO Station; and F) That a copy of Report #2025-COW-19 of the Chief Administrative Officer be forwarded to local area municipalities in Durham Region, GTHA upper -tier Regional Municipalities, the Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO), the Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, the Ontario Ministry of Energy and Mines, Natural Resources Canada, the Durham Region Home Builders' Association (DRHBA), and the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM), for their information." Please find enclosed a copy of Report #2025-COW-19 for your information. Alexander Harras, M.P.A. Director of Legislative Services & Regional Clerk AH/tf Page 34 c: D. Androusenkov, Deputy Chief of Staff/Director, Stakeholder Relations, Ministry of Energy and Electrification The Honourable T. Hodgson, Minister of Energy and Natural Resources J. Grossi, Clerk, Town of Ajax F. Lamanna, Clerk, Township of Brock J. Gallagher, Clerk, Municipality of Clarington M. Medeiros, Clerk, City of Oshawa S. Cassel, Clerk, City of Pickering B. Labelle, Clerk, Township of Scugog D. Leroux, Clerk, Township of Uxbridge C. Harris, Clerk, Town of Whitby G. Milne, Regional Clerk, Regional Municipality of Halton A. Adams, Regional Clerk, Regional Municipality of Peel C. Raynor, Regional Clerk, Regional Municipality of York Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO) Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) Durham Region Home Builders' Association S. Austin, Executive Director, Strategic Initiatives I. McVey, Manager of Sustainability Page 35 If this information is required in an accessible format, please contact 1-800-372-1102 ext. 3803 77M77D))) DURHAM REGION The Regional Municipality of Durham Report To: Committee of the Whole From: Chief Administrative Officer Report: #2025-COW-19 Date: Mav 14. 2024 Subject: Courtice Transit -Oriented Community District Energy System — Recommended Business Model and Governance Framework to Enable Implementation Recommendation: That the Committee of the Whole recommends to Regional Council: A) That Regional Staff be directed to collaborate with staff from the Municipality of Clarington to prepare the comprehensive business case study and conduct the public consultation required under the Municipal Act and the regulations to allow the municipalities to create a Joint Municipal Services Board (JMSB) to govern the delivery of a district energy system (DES) in the Courtice Transit Oriented Community (CTOC), and a jointly owned Municipal Services Corporation (MSC) with a mandate to develop, own, and operate the CTOC DES. B) That staff be directed to take necessary steps to submit a preliminary funding application to the Federation of Canadian Municipalities' Green Municipal Fund Community Energy Systems Capital Project Stream for a combined grant and loan up to a maximum of $10 million to support the first phase of the proposed CTOC DES project. C) That staff be directed to explore opportunities for public and private sector financing partnerships to support the implementation of the proposed CTOC DES, including grant funding from the federal and provincial governments, as well as project financing opportunities through the Canada Infrastructure Bank, Infrastructure Ontario, and other institutions. D) That staff be directed to undertake a non -binding Request for Expressions of Interest (RFEOI) to identify potential private sector partners to enable the provision of necessary infrastructure, operational support, and expertise in DES delivery in the CTOC. Page 36 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 2 of 15 E) That staff be directed to report back to Council before the end of Q1 2026 with a comprehensive business case study for a jointly -owned Municipal Service Board and MSC between the Region and Clarington for final approval to create both entities, including key recommendations on how the entities are proposed to be governed and managed, sources of capital to enable project implementation, available preliminary business case updates, key partnerships with third parties for project implementation and operations, as well as a detailed project implementation plan that shows how the infrastructure will be delivered in time for the high density development planned around the future Courtice GO Station. F) That a copy of this report be forwarded to local area municipalities in Durham Region, GTHA upper -tier Regional Municipalities, the Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO), the Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, the Ontario Ministry of Energy and Mines, Natural Resources Canada, the Durham Region Home Builders' Association (DRHBA), and the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) for their information. Report: Purpose 1.1 The purpose of this report is to: a. Provide a high-level update to the preliminary business case for the CTOC DES since the last update provided to Regional Council through Report 2024- COW-1. b. Respond to Council direction to evaluate ownership and governance models for the proposed CTOC DES and provide a recommendation. C. Obtain Council direction to staff to undertake critical next steps, including: • Conducting detailed analysis in support of the creation of a JMSB to govern the proposed CTOC DES, and a jointly owned Municipal Services Corporation (MSC) with a mandate to develop, own and operate the proposed CTOC DES. • Conducting formal engagement with potential funding partners (including grant funding and other financing) in support of the development of a detailed capital plan for the proposed CTOC DES MSC. • Conducting market sounding to solicit interest from third parties to facilitate future project design, and potential construction, operations, finance and maintenance. • Conducting public consultation required under the Municipal Act to establish an MSC. Page 37 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 3 of 15 Developing a Comprehensive Business Case Study for a DES MSC, including a proposed organizational structure, in addition to capital financing plan, operations plan, and implementation plans, including consideration of partnership opportunities identified. 2. Background 2.1 In 2019, through the recommendations of Report #2019-A-18, Regional Council approved in in principle the Durham Community Energy Plan (DCEP). DCEP identified district energy as one of the top decarbonization strategies for Durham Region. This finding is backed up by more recent analysis from the RBC Climate Action Institute which in a report released in August 2024 entitled "A Smart Heating Solution For Canada's Fiscally -Strained Municipalities" estimated that scaling district heating systems could lower building sector emissions in Canada's largest cities by 36% while providing a significant new revenue stream in the case of municipally owned systems. 2.2 In addition to enabling decarbonization, district energy can provide a wide range of benefits including energy efficiency, fuel flexibility, simplified building operations and maintenance, and decreased costs for building owners/occupants, while also serving as critical infrastructure, that supports high quality local employment. 2.3 District energy is generally most cost effective when deployed in high -density mixed -use developments where infrastructure costs can be shared across many end -use customers, and where there is variability in heating demand throughout the day. It is particularly cost effective in greenfield developments where district energy can be planned and implemented alongside other infrastructure and utility connections in a coordinated manner. 2.4 Seven of Durham's Major Transit Station Areas (MTSAs) along the Lakeshore East GO Train corridor are seen as key opportunity areas for district energy given the high -density mixed -use development planned for these areas. Regional staff have focused initial efforts on exploring the feasibility of a DES serving the high - density areas planned around the future Courtice GO station (e.g. Courtice Transit Oriented Community, or CTOC) for the following key reasons: a. The CTOC MTSA is projected to see significant new population density and commercial floor area over the coming decades; b. The CTOC MTSA is a greenfield development area where new infrastructure is yet to be implemented (e.g. roads, water supply, sanitary sewer). This provides the opportunity to coordinate district energy implementation with overall site servicing to realize economies of scope and scale while minimizing future disruption; and C. The CTOC MTSA is strategically located within proximity to the Durham York Energy Centre (DYEC) which is governed by a Host Community Agreement between Durham Region and Clarington that commits to "strongly encourage Page 38 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 4 of 15 and promote development within the Clarington Energy Park and other areas of Clarington to utilize district heating and cooling provided by the energy from waste facility". 2.5 A 2022 pre -feasibility study co -led by Clarington and the Region found that conditions in South Courtice were favourable to the implementation of a DES given proximate sources of low carbon heat, and the planned high -density development surrounding the future Courtice GO Station. Following the 2022 pre - feasibility study Region and Clarington staff developed a preliminary business case focused on serving the Courtice MTSA with waste heat from Regionally - owned infrastructure in the Energy Park immediately to the south of Highway 401. That preliminary business case study was presented to Regional Council and Clarington Council in early 2024, and the CTOC project concept was unanimously endorsed in principle with staff directed to: a. work with staff from the Municipality of Clarington to incorporate the DES concept into the CTOC Secondary Plan to support the future implementation of a DES focused on serving new development in the CTOC Major Transit Station Area (MTSA). b. evaluate potential grant and low -interest financing options that might be available to support the proposed CTOC DES project concept. C. evaluate ownership and governance models for the CTOC DES in collaboration with the Municipality of Clarington, landowners in the area, as well as potential energy utility partners d. report back to Council with a recommended ownership and governance model as well as an updated and refined preliminary business case, identifying Regional financial, business planning and budget implications, opportunity costs and assessment of risk and potential mitigation strategies based on refined project timing and implementation strategies. 2.6 This report primarily focuses on presenting a recommended ownership and governance model for the CTOC DES. It also presents high-level updates to the underlying preliminary business case based on input from the CTOC Landowner Group (LOG). Regional staff continue to work with staff from the Municipality of Clarington to develop an enabling policy framework for the CTOC DES, including through the CTOC Secondary Plan. Council endorsement of the recommended ownership and governance model will enable Regional staff to advance due diligence around potential financing options, and identification of Regional financial implications and risk mitigation strategies. 3. CTOC DES Preliminary Business Case 3.1 The preliminary business case study referred to in Section 2 assessed technical feasibility, costs, and GHG reduction potential of leveraging waste heat from Regional infrastructure, such as the DYEC and the Courtice Water Pollution Page 39 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 5 of 15 Control Plant (CWPCP). The study found that a heating -only DES leveraging waste heat from DYEC is the most cost-effective DES option. 3.2 Following Council endorsement of the CTOC DES concept project in principle, Regional staff have worked with the Municipality of Clarington and the CTOC Landowner Group (LOG) to update and refine the preliminary business case with a focus on an initial Phase 1 implementation concept (e.g. to 2035). Key updates to the preliminary business case (Attachment #2 to this report) include: a. Increased floor area forecast: the prior update to the preliminary business case was based on a conservative density scenario, which translates into approximately 700,000 m2 of floor area by 2057. Through engagement with the CTOC LOG, staff have learned that developers in the area have plans to build significantly more housing units and overall floor area than initially considered, totalling up to 2 million m2. As such, the revised preliminary business case is based on a still -conservative estimate of 1 million m2 over a 30-year build -out starting in 2029. In terms of Phase 1 DES implementation, this translates into nine multi -unit residential buildings connected to the system by 2035. b. Removal of CWPCP as an anchor -DES load: the prior update to the preliminary business case included the CWPCP as an anchor DES load, based on the assumption that the CWPCP could meet its plant heating demands from DES, which would free up the biogas produced on site to be upgraded to renewable natural gas (RNG) and injected into the Enbridge distribution network. While the RNG opportunity at CWPCP continues to be explored by Regional staff in collaboration with Enbridge Gas, initial assessments suggest that projected biogas production volumes at CWPCP are not expected to be high enough in the near -term to warrant the inclusion of the CWPCP in the refined preliminary business case focused on Phase 1 DES implementation. The opportunity for RNG utilization strategies and inclusion of the CWPCP as a key DES customer may be revisited through ongoing evaluation work as additional data becomes available, and as the proposed DES connection to DYEC progresses. 3.3 Key findings from the updated preliminary business case are summarized below: a. Lower GHG emissions: —70% lower GHG emissions compared to a business - as -usual (BAU) scenario where each building meets its heating demand through on -site natural gas systems. b. Lower lifecycle costs: Overall capital costs are estimated at $67 million (in 2023 dollars) which compares favourably against alternative decarbonization strategies, namely electrified heating systems on -site at each building on a lifecycle cost basis. These costs will be incurred over time as the DES is built - out, and will be subject to escalation. However, there are potential grant and low -interest financing opportunities which could help cover upfront capital Page 40 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 6 of 15 costs and further reduce overall lifecycle costs relative to alternative strategies. C. Energy cost stability: In addition to reduced lifecycle costs, the DES provides potential for greater energy cost stability for CTOC MTSA residents, relative to building electrification, due to reduced exposure to escalating electricity rates. In a scenario where electricity rates escalate higher than historical averages, CTOC DES users will see substantially lower monthly heating costs than a fully electrified decarbonization strategy. d. Competitive rates and connection fees: CTOC DES preliminary utility rates compare favourably against rate benchmarks from regulated DES systems in British Columbia, where thermal energy is regulated by the BC Utilities Commission and data on DES utility rates is publicly available. There is limited publicly available data on DES utility rates across Canada outside of British Columbia. e. Flexibility for future heat utilization and low carbon energy production: DYEC has a project agreement and an electricity generation contract (i.e. Power Purchase Agreement selling net electricity generated to the Ontario electrical grid) with the Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO) that expires in 2036. That contract limits the amount of heat that can be economically extracted to serve the CTOC DES. Future agreements may provide opportunities to enhance returns on investment from the DYEC, with a potential increase in heat extraction relative to electricity production. The DES may also enable opportunities for future RNG production at the CWPCP as biogas production volumes increase because of planned increases in wastewater treatment capacity. 4. De -risking District Energy Deployment in the Courtice Transit Oriented Community 4.1 Establishing a DES requires a secure base load of end -use customers to justify the initial upfront capital investment. The first phase of a DES is often the most challenging as significant capital needs to be deployed to serve a small portion of the anticipated development. Underpinning the updated preliminary business case outlined in Section 3 is an assumption that all new high -density development in the CTOC connects to the proposed DES. The preliminary business case demonstrates that there are potential benefits to all stakeholders if universal connection among high density development is realized, however there are two major categories of risk that need to be further assessed and addressed through policy and governance frameworks: a. Connection risk: A lack of certainty regarding customer connection undermines the business case for a new DES, therefore it is crucial that customers within a defined DES service area be connected to the system to make the system viable. Page 41 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 7 of 15 b. Timing risk: The timing of new building construction and occupancy can be unpredictable, impacting when buildings can connect to the DES and potentially delaying the investment returns due to reduced revenues. 4.2 Municipalities across North America are implementing a range of policy tools and strategies to reduce connection and timing risks for new district energy systems, including: a. Conditional Rezoning — where a rezoning is required (e.g. from residential to employment), a municipality can consider requiring the creation of a DES as a condition. See the River District Energy System Case study in Attachment #1 for an example of this. The CTOC Secondary Plan area is already zoned residential, so this approach is not seen as a viable strategy to reduce connection risk. b. Joint Development Agreement — where a site is municipally -owned, and the municipality wishes to partner with private sector entities to develop the site, the municipality has greater leverage to ensure that all buildings connect to a DES through development agreements. This approach was used by the City of Toronto in the Etobicoke Civic Centre Project (see case study in Attachment #1). However, this approach is not seen as viable in the CTOC Secondary Plan area as there is limited municipal land ownership and no immediate plans for joint development of these lands. C. Limits on new natural gas service connections — some municipalities across Canada and the US (including, for example, New York City, Montreal, and Vancouver), are implementing bans on natural gas connections in new homes. However, initial legal analysis completed by Regional staff indicate that Ontario municipalities do not have the authority to deny building permits based on choice of fuel source, so this option is not seen as a viable approach to reduce connection risk. d. Green Development Standards - GHG limits on new buildings are an emerging municipal policy tool in Ontario, initially implemented by the City of Toronto through the Toronto Green Standard (TGS). Such policies can incentivize customers to connect to a low -carbon DES. Several local area municipalities in Durham have similar programs (Whitby, Ajax and Pickering), however there is considerable uncertainty over the ability of municipalities to impose GHG requirements for new buildings given provincial legislative changes (e.g. Bill 23) and an active legal challenge by the Residential Construction Council of Ontario (RESCON) against the City of Toronto for its TGS. While Clarington is in the process of developing its own Green Development Standard program, this on its own is not seen as a potential strategy to fully reduce connection risk. e. Mandatory connection policies — mandatory connection can be limited to specific areas, specific types of connections, or specific time periods. Page 42 Report #2025-COW-19 Paae 8 of 15 Connections outside a designated service area remain voluntary and at the discretion of a DES Utility. Mandatory connection may be used temporarily as a tool to support new system development by promoting an efficient layout and helping achieve adequate scale to launch the utility. For example, the City of Vancouver has a mandatory connection by-law covering new construction and major renovations with a designated service area for its False Creek Neighbourhood energy utility (see Case Study in Attachment #1). The aforementioned RBC Climate Action Institute report "A Smart Heating Solution For Canada's Fiscally -Strained Municipalities" lists the introduction of mandatory connection by-laws as a key policy support to speed up the adoption of district energy systems. 4.3 Analysis of the policy tools and strategies outlined above indicates that a mandatory connection policy is the most viable approach to reducing connection risk to the proposed CTOC DES and realizing the multi -faceted benefits outlined in the preliminary business case update. Municipalities have authority under the Municipal Act to pass by-laws relating to public utilities, which include district energy systems. 4.4 The mandatory connection policy approach does not address the timing risk noted above. The preliminary business case update addresses timing risk through a phased implementation of DES infrastructure to minimize early investment in the system, and by assuming staged expansion to match projected growth within the CTOC high -density neighbourhood. Initial heating demand could be served using temporary energy centres located within the CTOC (fuelled by natural gas), and only once sufficient development in the area is underway would the utility invest in the infrastructure to interconnect with the DYEC for heat supply. It is important to note that the DYEC is not part of the DES itself but is connected to the DES to supply waste heat. 4.5 These findings have significant implications for the proposed ownership model for the CTOC DES, which will be discussed in the following sections. 5. District Energy Ownership Models 5.1 Generally, there is no universal ownership model for district energy although most DES fall along a spectrum from fully public to fully private (see Figure 1 below), with a range of hybrid models possible in between: a. Public Ownership — this is the most common model globally, often in the form of municipal ownership, providing control over objectives and means of district energy development. This offers low-cost financing, access to grants and other contributions, and aligns affordability with local energy security and decarbonization objectives. Private sector partners can reduce demands on municipal capacity and capital, provide expertise and services (ranging from design, construction, operations and maintenance), and offer risk transfer opportunities. Municipal ownership is beneficial in early stages to mitigate Page 43 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 9 of 15 connection risk through coordination with municipal planning or mandatory connection policies. b. Private ownership — Privately -owned district energy utilities are less common globally. Some private systems emerged out of previously publicly owned systems (e.g., the Enwave district heating system in downtown Toronto). Private systems serve primarily commercial interests: competitive rates, reliability and investor profits, but can also evolve in response to policies and incentives such as green development standards, carbon pricing or other environmental regulation. C. Hybrid ownership — many of the benefits of public (municipal) ownership can be secured through private -sector delivery although this requires a high degree of cooperation between municipalities and the private sector. Hybrid governance models can reduce capital and organizational demands on municipalities, while also transferring risk. However, governance can be more complicated, and private ownership tends to increase financing costs and constrain the typical trade-offs between financial returns and public benefits that are possible under direct public ownership. Figure 1: Spectrum of DE Ownership Models Fully Public (Municipal, regional, Part of public administration or senior Wholly owned subsidiaries government) Joint ventures (various legal structures) Split assets (separate ownership of assets/ functions with contractual relationships) Strategic partnerships (private ownership with public cooperation) Hybrid Concessions (permanent or temporary private ownership with public mandate and oversight) Design Build Operate Finance and Maintain service contracts for publicly owned infrastructure Cooperatives (customer ownership) Fully Private Not for profit For profit 5.2 In addition to mitigating connection risk as discussed in Section 4, common ownership model considerations for municipalities establishing new DES include: a. Investment required — a wholly municipally owned and delivered utility will require the municipality to fund all capital costs. However, municipal ownership with private sector partnerships can offload some or all the financing requirements to a third -party utility company. Municipal ownership with private sector partners may unlock access to grants directed at public Page 44 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 10 of 15 sector agencies which are not available to a private sector owner. Fully private systems would typically require no municipal capital contributions. b. Influence over end user rates and affordability — Municipal ownership provides the greatest degree of control over rates and affordability, as the municipalities can determine how best to manage competing priorities such as customer affordability, cost recovery and overall environmental performance. 5.3 Municipal ownership can include joint ownership by two or more municipalities, and municipal ownership does not preclude partnerships (in the form of service contracts) with private sector service providers to support design, construction, operation, maintenance and financing of the utility. 5.4 Regardless of the ownership model, most successful business models for DES involve a municipality to some degree, typically through policy, planning, and/or partial or full ownership. 6. Courtice DES Ownership and Governance Model Evaluation and Recommendation 6.1 Building on the policy analysis in Section 4 and ownership model considerations outlined in Section 5 above, staff conducted an options -oriented analysis of ownership and governance structures ranging from fully municipal ownership to fully private ownership models. This evaluation points to an arms -length municipal -ownership model via a municipal services corporation (MSC) as the preferred ownership model for the following key reasons: a. Municipal ownership places the DES in the best position to manage connection risk and ensure building connections within the CTOC. Ensuring building connections is critical to the preliminary business case outlined in Section 3, and will be critical in enabling the DES to attract grant funding and low-cost capital through public and private sources which in turn supports overall affordability of energy delivered; b. Municipal ownership provides the Region and Clarington with control over the end user rates and connection fees charged by the utility, which provides transparency and accountability to ratepayers, and supports affordability objectives for landowners and district energy customers in CTOC; and C. Given that the CTOC DES is ultimately based on a future energy supply from jointly -owned infrastructure between Durham and York, namely, the Durham York Energy Centre (DYEC), any matters related to connection, heat sales agreements, or energy supply will presumably require coordination with York Region. As the DES also contemplates municipal infrastructure and facilities in the Clarington Energy Park and CTOC as customers, municipal ownership allows the Region and Clarington to control costs and ensure reliable service delivery. Page 45 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 11 of 15 6.2 Building on the ownership model considerations, and associated legislative analysis, Regional Staff propose development of a DES ownership and governance model consisting of two entities as shown in Figure 2, and described below: a. A Joint Municipal Services Board (JMSB) with delegated authority over the services required to operationalize the CTOC DES. The JMSB acts like an extension of the municipalities and will include representatives appointed by the respective Councils of both the Region and the Municipality of Clarington. The JMSB would provide governance over a jointly owned Municipal Services Corporation (MSC), including approving annual budgets and the user rates that the MSC charges to customers in the DE service area. The JMSB would be delegated the authority to implement a district energy mandatory connection by-law for high density development in the CTOC MTSA. b. A Municipal Services Corporation (MSC) jointly owned by the Region and Clarington would be responsible for delivery, ownership, and operations of the DES. It would hire staff for its operations and establish contracts with private sector partners needed for construction, operations, maintenance, etc. Figure 2: Recommended CTOC DES Ownership and Governance Model Joint Municipal Services Board --------------------------------- i (J MSB) Control and Management of Respective Services Delegated by Municipalities • Governed by Board appointed by Municipalities • Provides Governance of Municipal Services Corporation • Passes District Energy Bylaw (Incl. Connection Requirement) • Sets Rates and Connection Fees Municipal Services Corporation (MSC) • Shareholders: Region of Durham and Municipality of Clarington • MSC delivers, owns and operates DE Infrastructure • MSC enables access to debt financing • MSC provides billing and rate collection on behalf of JMSB Page 46 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 12 of 15 6.3 Establishment of an MSC is permitted under Ontario Regulation 599/60 which requires the Region and Clarington to: a. Develop a business case study for the MSC (Section 6); b. Consult with the community about the plan to create the MSC; C. Adopt and maintain policies with respect to the transfer of assets; and d. Obtain Council approval in the form of a resolution or by-law. 6.4 The MSC would function as a subsidiary corporation of, and therefore operate as a separate legal entity from, the corporations of the Region and Clarington. This model is recommended as it permits a greater degree of autonomy from ongoing municipal operating processes, providing the increased organizational agility necessary to achieve the DES goals and objectives more efficiently and expeditiously. 6.5 Moving forward with the MSC, an important consideration is that only municipalities may be owners. In the result, the sole shareholders would be the Region and Clarington. As per Section 196 of the Municipal Act, it is up to the discretion of the municipal owner to determine the initial composition of the Board of Directors. In terms of keeping Council informed as the shareholder, it is up to the owner municipalities to determine whether they will be informed through regular reporting, or if they would prefer to have Council member(s) on the Board of Directors to act as the informative link between the MSC and Council. In addition, the Chair of the Board will be selected by the Shareholder, and the Board will play a role in decision making and governance. Staff from the Region and Clarington will collaborate to develop business recommendations on these issues. 6.6 The MSC will develop a Board of Directors that will be responsible for governance of operations, and as mentioned above, the municipal owners will decide if a Council member is part of the Board. The municipal owner will be responsible for deciding the number of members they would like on the Board initially; it will likely be recommended that an uneven number of members are selected in order to break any voting ties. Some general policies that should be adopted and developed for the MSC include: • Financial policies • Human Resource Practices/regulations • Operations and Programs • Asset Management Strategies • Standard Operating Procedures The implementation of these policies occurs after the incorporation of the MSC and staff from the Region and Clarington will undertake to develop them in draft now, for subsequent Council consideration. Page 47 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 13 of 15 6.7 It is anticipated that the MSC will work with experienced third parties to support implementation of the CTOC DES, including: obtaining financing, construction of the necessary infrastructure, operations and maintenance of the district energy service including customer billing services. Regional staff propose to conduct an initial Request for Expressions of Interest (RFEOI) in Q3 2025 to understand options for third party partnerships to mitigate risks and support project implementation. 7. Potential Funding Sources for CTOC DES 7.1 The proposed DES could potentially be supported by a variety of funding and financing sources to enhance its overall financial viability. These include: a. FCM Green Municipal Fund (GMF): offering up to $10 million comprised of a mix of grants and low -interest loans under the Community Energy Systems stream. b. Canada Infrastructure Bank (CIB): provides low -interest debt financing, with over $1 billion already allocated to DES utilities over the last two years although it should be recognized that there is inherent political risk and uncertainty associated with the future availability of this funding source. 7.2 Through this report Regional Staff are seeking direction to explore the potential for grant and low -interest debt financing options to support the business case and overall financial viability for the CTOC DES. 8. Tentative Project Development Timeline 8.1 The critical path for the CTOC DES calls for the proposed DES and related service to be available in time for the first buildings in the CTOC high density core to connect, which is currently forecasted to be 2029. 8.2 Initial steps over the period of 2025-2026 focus on establishing the CTOC DES policy and governance framework as outlined in this report. Key immediate next steps include: a. Inclusion of DES supportive policy in the CTOC Secondary Plan b. Establish a Joint Municipal Services Board (JMSB) and Municipal Services Corporation (MSC) through completion of a comprehensive business case study, including development of a capital financing strategy, and engagement with potential private sector DE operating partners; and C. Continued engagement with CTOC LOG to refine district energy service area and phasing plan 8.3 Building on the initial steps outlined above, Phase 1 of DES design, procurement and construction is forecasted to begin in 2027 to enable service delivery in 2029 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 14 of 15 when initial high -density buildings are expected to be completed. Initial DES demand will be served by a temporary energy centre in the CTOC. 8.4 The utility will closely monitor development in CTOC in collaboration with the LOG to ensure appropriate phasing of investment in subsequent district energy infrastructure, including the design and construction of the DYEC heat recovery system and transmission piping system which is forecasted to be in place by the early to mid-2030's based on current development projections. 9. Conclusions and Recommended Next Steps 9.1 The updated preliminary business case for the CTOC DES reaffirms the potential feasibility and benefits of leveraging waste heat from DYEC. The refined financial model, increased projected floor area, and phased implementation strategy assist in strengthening the case for a municipal -led ownership model. To mitigate connection risk and ensure project viability, a mandatory connection policy is recommended. 9.2 In undertaking next steps, staff seek Council direction to: a. Conduct a detailed analysis to establish a Joint Municipal Services Board (JMSB) and a Municipal Services Corporation (MSC) to govern and operate the proposed CTOC DES. b. Engage potential funding partners to develop a comprehensive capital financing plan. C. Conduct market sounding and issue RFEOI to assess third -party interest in project development and operation. d. Conducting public consultation required under the Municipal Act to establish an MSC. e. Develop a comprehensive business case study outlining governance, financial, and operational strategies for the DES MSC. 10. Relationship to Strategic Plan 10.1 This report aligns with/addresses the following strategic goals and priorities in the Durham Region Strategic Plan: a. Goal #2 — Environmental Sustainability and Climate Action Goal E1 — Reduce corporate greenhouse gas emissions to meet established targets. Page 49 Report #2025-COW-19 Page 15 of 15 • Goal E2 - Collaborate with partners on the low carbon transition to reduce community greenhouse gas emissions; • Goal E4 — Lead the transition to sustainable living through waste management, diversion, and the circular economy; and b. Goal #4 — Resilient Local Economies • Goal R1 - Attract and retain quality employers that strengthen key economic sectors, including energy and technology. 10.2 For additional information, contact: Ian McVey, Manager of Sustainability at 905- 668-7711, extension 3803. Approved by: Sandra Austin, Executive Director, Strategic Initiatives 11. Attachments Attachment #1: District Energy Ownership Models — Briefing Report — Reshape Strategies Attachment #2: Courtice District Energy System Preliminary Business Case Overview Respectfully submitted, Original Signed by Elaine C. Baxter-Trahair Chief Administrative Officer Page 50 District Energy Ownership Models Briefing Report R2 Reshape Project Number P808 January 16, 2025 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Statement of Limitations This report has been prepared by Reshape Infrastructure Strategies ("Reshape") and its partners for the exclusive use and benefit of the Region of Durham ("Client"). This document represents the best professional judgment of Reshape and our partners, based on the information available at the time of its completion and as appropriate for the scope of work. Services were performed according to normal professional standards in a similar context and for a similar scope of work. Copyright Notice These materials (text, tables, figures and drawings included herein) are copyright of Reshape Infrastructure Strategies Ltd. The Client is permitted to reproduce the materials for archiving and distribution to third parties only as required to conduct business specifically related to the scope of this study. Any other use of these materials without the written permission of Reshape Infrastructure Strategies Ltd. is prohibited. Page 52 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 ERA APE TEGIES Table of Contents Tableof Contents............................................................................................................................. ii Figures............................................................................................................................................. I I I Tables.............................................................................................................................................. I I I 1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 4 2 District Energy Ownership Models..........................................................................................4 2.1 Public Ownership........................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Private Ownership.......................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Hybrid Ownership Models............................................................................................. 7 2.3.1 Concessions....................................................................................................7 2.3.2 Strategic Partnerships....................................................................................7 2.3.3 Joint Ventures.................................................................................................8 2.3.4 Split Asset Ownership.....................................................................................8 3 Ownership Model Considerations for New DE Systems......................................................... 9 4 Case Studies........................................................................................................................... 14 4.1 Markham District Energy............................................................................................. 14 4.2 Zibi Community Utility................................................................................................. 16 4.3 Lakeview Village District Energy System...................................................................... 19 4.4 City of Guelph District Energy...................................................................................... 21 4.5 Enwave Toronto........................................................................................................... 22 4.6 River District Energy / Metro Vancouver Waste -to -Energy Facility ............................ 25 4.7 City of Vancouver False Creek Neighbourhood Energy Utility .................................... 29 4.8 Lulu Island Energy Company........................................................................................31 5 Report Submission.................................................................................................................37 Page 53 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Figures Figure 1: Spectrum of DE Ownership Models................................................................................. 5 Figure 2: Example of Split Asset Ownership between Generation and Distribution ...................... 9 Figure 3: ZCU System Map (Zibi.ca)............................................................................................... 18 Figure 4: Lakeview Village Rendering (Lakeview Community Partners Limited) .......................... 20 Figure 5: Etobicoke Civic Centre Development............................................................................. 24 Figure 6: Rendering of River District at Build -out (Wesgroup Properties) .................................... 25 Figure 7: Thermal Energy Transmission Line from WTEF.............................................................. 27 Figure 8: Construction of the Olympic Village, Vancouver............................................................ 30 Tables Table 1: Summary of Key Considerations for New DE Utilities..................................................... 12 Table 2: Overview of DE Policies in Canadian Jurisdictions........................................................... 13 Table 4: Markham District Energy— Key Data............................................................................... 14 Table 5: Zibi Community Utility-- Key Data.................................................................................. 17 Table 6: Lakeview Village — Key Data............................................................................................. 20 Table 7: MVRD / RIDE — Key Data................................................................................................... 26 Table 8: False Creek NEU — Key Data............................................................................................. 30 Page 54 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 iii RESHAPE STRATEGIES 1 Introduction This report provides information on common district energy ownership models, typical ownership considerations for municipalities when establishing new district energy utilities, and case studies of new and evolving district energy systems in Canada. The purpose of this report is to inform subsequent discussions and decision making regarding a preferred ownership model for the proposed Courtice Transit Oriented Community District Energy System in Durham Region. 2 District Energy Ownership Models There is no universal ownership model for district energy. Ownership models vary greatly by country and by region, as well as technology and stage of market development. Ownership models are as much a function of local history and cultural preferences as explicit public policy. For many utilities, ownership has evolved overtime with changes in market maturity, system size, technology, public sector priorities, and other considerations. The presence and form of economic regulation of district energy can also influence or constrain ownership models in a jurisdiction. Most DE systems fall along a spectrum from fully public to fully private (Figure 1) Between fully public and fully private there are many types of hybrid models with varying degrees of shared ownership or governance. Fully Public (Municipal, regional, Part of public administration or senior Wholly owned subsidiaries government) Joint ventures (various legal structures) 101 Split assets (separate ownership of assets/ functions with contractual relationships) Hybrid Strategic partnerships (private ownership with public cooperation) Concessions (permanent or temporary private ownership with public mandate and oversight) Cooperatives (customer ownership) Fully Private Not for profit For profit Page 55 P808—Region of Durham - DE Ownership Models— R2 PAGE 4 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Figure 1: Spectrum of DE Ownership Models 2.1 Public Ownership At one end of the ownership spectrum is full public ownership. This is still the most common model globally for DE. It often takes the form of municipal ownership but can also include ownership by other public sector entities such as regional governments, state/provincial agencies, or social housing agencies. Municipal ownership provides the greatest opportunity for control over both the objectives and means of DE development. Outcomes important to the public sector go beyond commercial goals of affordability, reliability, and profitability, and often include climate, environmental, equity, resilience, and economic development considerations. Municipal ownership allows governments to determine an acceptable balance across multiple objectives and to select the specific means of achieving the desired outcomes (e.g., service areas, technologies, financing model, rate structures, rates, etc.). Municipal ownership provides greater opportunities for low-cost financing (e.g., 100% debt financing and lower -cost sources of debt), access to grants and other direct contributions for public benefits, which can help to reduce the tension between affordability and other policy objectives. Municipal ownership and financing require municipalities to have access to adequate capital for investment. It can also create new commercial or reputational risks as well as demands on organizational capacity and expertise. Further, unlike typical municipal services which cover the entire community, a new DE service will typically only cover a small area, at least initially. This can pose novel investment, governance, and accountability challenges for municipalities. There are also examples of municipal DE systems that secure services from the private sector without transferring ownership or control of DE systems. These services can include design, construction, operations or maintenance. These may even include financing support. Outsourcing of services can help reduce demands on organizational capacity or capital; provide access to industry -specific expertise; and create opportunities for some risk transfer while retaining municipal ownership and control. Municipal ownership can be very helpful in the early stages of DE development, as well as in periods of major technological change such as the transition from conventional to low -carbon energy sources. Municipal ownership may enhance public trust and acceptance of new DE systems and during periods of transition (such as decarbonization). Public ownership can enable more direct control over risks which may hinder private sector investment or increase private sector financing costs. Connection risk can be a major impediment to setting up DE networks or transitioning existing networks to low -carbon energy, particularly in the absence of other supporting policies. Municipalities can reduce connection risk through close coordination of DE development with municipal policy/planning or mandatory connection policies. Municipal ownership may increase public acceptance and legal support for mandatory connection policies. Municipal ownership may also reduce development or transition risks by Page 56 P808—Region of Durham - DE Ownership Models— R2 PAGE 5 RESHAPE STRATEGIES bringing low-cost financing or lowering upfront capital costs through strategies such as coordinating the installation of DE infrastructure with other municipal infrastructure. The benefits of and need for municipal ownership can decline over time with increased scale and maturity of systems. This has led some municipalities to divest of mature systems. Nevertheless, early municipal ownership can have lasting impacts on the layout of networks, the mix of technologies, and the design of contracts or rates long after divestment. Case studies of municipally owned systems are provided for Markham District Energy, the City of Guelph's district energy program, and the City of Vancouver False Creek NEU. 2.2 Private Ownership At the other end of the ownership spectrum is full private ownership.' Privately -owned DE utilities are less common globally. This model is more common in markets with little or no economic regulation of private DE systems, particularly in the United States, but also parts of Canada and Europe. Private owners can include dedicated DE utilities, gas and electric utilities with DE subsidiaries, and property developers (e.g., large master -planned developments which include DE systems). Pension and infrastructure funds are active investors in private DE systems. Some private systems emerged out of previously publicly owned systems (e.g., the Enwave district heating system in downtown Toronto). Others have emerged in response to unique commercial opportunities to provide competitive energy services through economies of scale and efficiency. For example, the Creative Energy system in downtown Vancouver was developed by private interests starting in the late 1960s at a time when natural gas was less common and district energy offered a strong value proposition to the consumer, as well as air quality benefits. Many of the oldest DE systems in the United States were developed by electric utilities and relied on waste heat from electric power plants located in urban areas. As electricity generation moved towards larger power plants located farther from urban centres, many electric utilities divested their DE systems, although there are examples of continued ownership, such as the Manhattan Steam System owned by Con Edison. Though less common, there are also cooperative or community ownership models which can be categorized as private ownership in that they do not involve direct municipal ownership or governance. However, municipal governments may still lead the formation of these models and also participate indirectly in their governance. 1 The discussion in this section focuses on utilities which serve external customers. Many institutional campuses such as hospitals, universities and military bases have DE systems serving their own facilities; while they are technically DE systems, they do not have the same issues and challenges. Page 57 P808—Region of Durham - DE Ownership Models— R2 PAGE 6 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Regardless of how they came about, most private systems now serve primarily commercial interests: competitive rates, reliability, and investor profits. Private systems can also evolve in response to policies and incentives such as new building standards, carbon pricing or other environmental regulations. This is the case for some new private DE systems in master planned communities facing higher environmental standards (an example of this is the River District Energy system case study). These systems are commercial responses to new policies — they are not necessarily pursuing these public benefits as ends in and of themselves. 2.3 Hybrid Ownership Models Many of the benefits of municipal ownership can, in theory, be secured through private -sector delivery with the right ownership or governance models. However, this requires a high level of trust and cooperation between municipalities and the private sector or other community organizations. These hybrid ownership models can reduce or eliminate capital and organizational demands on municipalities, while also transferring risk and securing additional expertise. But public sector influence in hybrid ownership models may be more indirect and necessarily more oriented to ends (such as GHG outcomes) rather than to specific means (such as technology selection). Governance can also be more complicated and nuanced in these other models. Private ownership tends to increase financing costs and constrain the kinds of trade- offs between financial returns and public benefits that are possible under direct public ownership. However, these trade-offs may also be reduced by greater efficiency or transfer of risks under private sector delivery. 2.3.1 Concessions In some cases, there is strong public governance of private systems beyond or in lieu of traditional economic regulation. This may be the granting of concessions or through strategic partnerships between municipalities and private companies to support the creation, transition, or expansion of private systems in support of new policy objectives. Neither of these approaches involve direct ownership by municipalities, but they can provide indirect control over outcomes and operations to secure public benefits over and above private benefits. 2.3.2 Strategic Partnerships Strategic partnerships do not involve ownership by municipalities but rather strategic consideration in exchange for public benefit. For example, in exchange for securing public benefits (such as GHG reductions), a municipality may provide support to a private DE utility such as: • Providing access to land, resources, and infrastructure (possibly on favourable terms); • Contributing land or infrastructure paid for by the municipality on favourable terms; • Committing to connect municipal buildings or to include connection requirements as a condition in the sale of municipal land to developers; Page 58 P808—Region of Durham - DE Ownership Models— R2 PAGE 7 RESHAPE STRATEGIES • Committing to align policies to encourage connection to DE (e.g., green building policies, accelerated permitting processes for developments connecting to DE; property tax rebates for buildings connected to DE); • Coordinating installation of municipal and DE infrastructure; • Accelerating permitting process for DE projects; or • Providing property tax rebates for DE systems (where private DE systems are required to pay property taxes) or for properties that connect to approved DE systems. Private systems may be incented to work with municipalities on strategic partnerships in order to protect their existing assets or to secure and de -risk new investment opportunities. 2.3.3 Joint Ventures Joint ventures are playing an increasing role in the DE sector, particularly in large European cities. In a joint venture, a special purpose vehicle is formed, with shared ownership between the public and private partners. Governance is shared, with municipal control proportional to their representation on the board of directors. The Zibi Community Utility is an example of a joint venture with municipal participation via Hydro Ottawa. 2.3.4 Split Asset Ownership Another form of public -private partnership is the split asset model, where private companies control some assets and public companies control the remaining assets, with contracts governing the relationships between assets and owners. For example, a municipality may own a distribution piping system (and be responsible for setting retail rates and governance of the DPS), while a partner may own and operate the energy centre and sell heat to the municipal DPS at a wholesale rate (or vice versa). This concept is illustrated in Figure 2. As an example of a split asset model, Metro Vancouver, which owns an existing waste -to -energy plant, is building new heat recovery and transmission infrastructure to sell heat under a long- term supply contract to an existing private DE utility in Vancouver. Metro Vancouver is also exploring the possibility of extending transmission infrastructure and selling heat to a new municipally owned DE system in Burnaby, BC (this example is described in greater detail in the River District / Meto Vancouver case study in Section 4). Page 59 P808—Region of Durham - DE Ownership Models— R2 PAGE 8 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Distribution Assets Generating Assets ownership demarcation ntre i Energy Transfer Stations (one per building) Figure 2: Example of Split Asset Ownership between Generation and Distribution 3 Ownership Model Considerations for New DE Systems Common ownership model considerations for municipalities establishing new district energy systems include: • Municipal Investment Required • Municipal Ability to Reduce Connection Risk • Municipal Influence over Rates and Affordability • Municipal Control over GHG Outcomes. These considerations are discussed below and summarized in Table 1. Municipal Investment Required This is the most straightforward; a fully municipally owned and delivered utility will require the municipality to fund all capital costs. Municipal ownership with a design -build -operate -finance - maintain (DBOFM) contract can offload some or all of the financing requirements to a third party utility company. Hybrid models may require some municipal financing depending on how the project is structured. Fully private systems would typically require no municipal capital contributions. P808—Region of Durham - DE Ownership Models— R2 Page 60 PAGE 9 RESHAPE STRATEGIES A potential benefit of municipal ownership is that it may unlock access to grants directed at public sector agencies, which a private -sector owner may not be able to access. Municipal Ability to Reduce Connection Risk Connection risk is usually the most critical risk faced by a new district energy utility. A lack of connected customers is fatal to the success of a new system, and the nature of district energy infrastructure means that any DE assets can only serve buildings within a relatively short distance, making it crucial that target customers are connected to the system. Perhaps the simplest and strongest tool available is a mandatory connection policy. Mandatory connection can be limited to specific areas, specific types of connections or specific time periods. Outside these parameters, connections or renewals can be voluntary. For example, the City of Vancouver has a mandatory connection bylaw covering new construction and major renovations within a designated service area for its False Creek Neighborhood Energy Utility (see Section 4 for further information on the False Creek NEU). Connections by existing buildings, or by buildings outside the service area, remain voluntary. Mandatory connection may be used temporarily as tool to support new system development by promoting an efficient layout and helping achieve adequate scale to launch the utility. There are no examples we are familiar with in Canada where a municipality has passed a mandatory connection bylaw compelling connection to a privately held district energy system. There are open questions whether this would be legally permissible or politically acceptable in Ontario. There are cases where municipalities have ensured connection to private DE systems through other means. The River District Energy system (described in Section 4) is one example. River District Energy is owned by the master developer of a large brownfield site. City of Vancouver required the creation of a district energy system as a condition of the site's rezoning from industrial to residential uses. The Etobicoke Civic Centre project (also described in Section 4) shows another approach to ensuring connection to a privately -held DE utility. The site is largely owned by the City of Toronto, and through its Joint Development Agreement with Enwave, the City and Enwave worked collaboratively to ensure that the site would be served by low -carbon district energy and that all buildings would be connected to the system. Given that the Courtice GO station area has multiple developers, not a single master developer, and municipal government is not a major landowner, these two approaches may not be viable. Other tools can indirectly incentivize buildings to connect to district energy. Any connection incentive policies must be reasonably credible to support private investment, and private investors may also want assurance that such policies will continue for a sufficient period. These incentives can be financial or non -financial. P808—Region of Durham - DE Ownership Models— R2 Page 61 PAGE 10 RESHAPE STRATEGIES For example, limits on new gas connections or strong green building standards that allow compliance through DE connections can help de -risk new system development, though these tools are not currently available to the Region of Durham. Expedited rezoning and development application approvals for buildings connecting to low -carbon DE can also incentivize connection. In general, there are fewer examples of these types of indirect tools leading to successful development of new systems, particularly in the context of sites with multiple landowners. Municipal Influence over Rates and Affordability Municipal ownership likely provides the greatest degree of control over rates and affordability. With municipal ownership, municipalities can determine how best to manage competing priorities such as affordability, cost recovery, and environmental performance. Municipal Control over GHG Outcomes Greenhouse gas intensity limits (GHGi) on new buildings are an emerging policy tool in Canada. Initially implemented by the City of Vancouver and the City of Toronto, they are now being deployed by other communities, though the ability of municipalities in Ontario to impose GHGi requirements on new buildings is somewhat uncertain given the potential for the province to limit municipal powers under Bill 23. Greenhouse gas intensity limits on new construction can indirectly impose a low -carbon requirement on district energy utilities by requiring them to provide service to a certain standard if they are going to connect customers. Some municipalities also provide separate compliance pathways which incentivize customers to connect to low -carbon district energy systems by allowing buildings served by low -carbon DE to meet less stringent thermal energy demand standards. Alternatively, with municipal ownership, municipalities can directly manage the GHG intensity of a district energy system as part of their ownership and operation of the system. The City of Vancouver's False Creek NEU has operated in this manner for many years. The City has had a longstanding target to supply 70% of the utility's energy from renewable sources. Council has now directed the utility to evaluate options to increase the share of renewables to 100%. P808—Region of Durham - DE Ownership Models— R2 Page 62 PAGE 11 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Table 1: Summary of Key Considerations for New DE Utilities in Ontario by Ownership Model OwnershipMunicipal Investment Municipal Ability to Municipal Influence over Municipal Control Municipal Highest Highest (potential for Highest Highest mandatory connection) Municipal with High (potential for Potentially same as full Potentially same as DBFOM or Similar Potentially none mandatory connection) municipal ownership full municipal ownership Hybrid Models (JV, Depends on Depends on Depends on details of Likely requires GHG Split Asset) arrangement arrangement — high agreement regulation via green degree of uncertainty building policy Private Ownership Limited Best suited to projects Likely requires GHG with Strategic Typically none with municipally -owned Limited regulation via green Partnership land building policy P808—Region of Durham - DE Ownership Models — R2 Page 63 PAGE 12 RESHAPE STRATEGIES An overview of DE policies from other Canadian jurisdictions is provided in Table 2. Although the list is not exhaustive, it illustrates that municipal ownership with a mandatory connection bylaw is a very common strategy for overcoming connection risk when establishing new DES. Table 2: Overview of DE Policies in Canadian Jurisdictions Mandatory City-wide Informal / Connection DE City Green Economic "Encouraged" City (Province) to Requirement Buildings Building Incentives in Development Municipally in Site as Anchor Policy for Application Owned Rezoning Loads with Connection Approvals System GHGI Process City • Edmonton .; City of Calgary .; City • Vancouver City of Surrey ==mom= (BQ City of North Vancouver City • Richmond MMMEMM (BQ City ==mom= Toronto (ON) City • arkha Page 64 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 13 ERA APE TEGIES 4 Case Studies 4.1 Markham District Energy Markham District Energy (MDE) is a utility company owned by the City of Markham. MDE operates two geographically independent district energy systems: The Markham Centre system, the first system developed by MDE, which serves Markham's main business and retail centre, and • the Cornell Centre system, which is anchored by the regional hospital. The Markham Centre system began operations in 2000. The Cornell Centre system began operation in 2012 as part of an expansion of the hospital campus. In total, MDE operates four energy plants within Markham, providing hot water and chilled water. Heat is generated from a combination of combined heat -and -power engines and natural gas -fired boilers, while cooling is provided by chiller plants. Table 3: Markham District Energy— Key Data Markham District Energy Location Markham, ON Ownership Model Owned by the City of Markham Governance Board of Directors Economic Regulation Not regulated by the Ontario Energy Board Year Established 2000 Services Heating and Cooling Current Service Area 1.2 million mz (13 million ft2) Low Carbon Energy Supply Several projects in the planning phase Connection Incentives / Requirements No mandatory connection bylaw. System History and Development Page 65 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 14 RESHAPE STRATEGIES MDE was established by the City in the late 1990s due to two main drivers. The first driver was resiliency concerns in response to the 1998 ice storm in eastern Ontario and Quebec. The storm did not significantly impact the City of Markham, but the event raised awareness of the potential impacts from a major weather event. The second driver was economic development. District energy was seen as a differentiating factor which the City could use to attract high -value business such as IBM which, at the time, was canvassing cities to locate a major new facility. Recent legislative changes had opened up the opportunity for municipalities to invest in new utility operations (including thermal energy systems), and MDE was born. Ownership, Governance and Operation MDE is owned by Markham Enterprises Corporation, a holding company entirely owned by the City of Markham. Markham Enterprises Corporation is also one of the owners of Alectra Utilities. The Board of Directors is made up of four members of Markham City Council (including the mayor) plus five independent directors. All operational resources are internal to MDE, and the City has no role in MDE, other than governance via the Board. MDE has a total of 35 staff, including operations and management. MDE was initiated with loans from the City of Markham and Markham Enterprises, as well as funding from provincial gas tax revenues. Subsequent financing was provided by Infrastructure Ontario and Manulife Financial. MDE now has a relatively high debt -to -equity ratio, but as a mature system with many long-term contracts it has a low risk profile for lenders. Connection Incentives, Rates and Regulation Thermal energy utilities in Ontario are not economically regulated by the Ontario Energy Board. Rates are generally established via long-term contracts between utilities and their customers. The City of Markham does not intervene in the rate setting process for MDE. Instead, customer rates are negotiated with individual customer buildings to be commercially competitive with a comparable on -site alternative. MDE has not historically charged connection fees to private developers connecting new buildings to the system. MDE does not have a mandatory connection bylaw and all customers have been secured through negotiation. The City does not offer density bonuses for connection to MDE. Nevertheless, MDE claims to have signed every new building in their service areas, and credits their success to offering competitive terms, as well as providing the qualitative benefits of a district energy connection (reliability, additional space, etc.). The absence of a connection fee (sometimes referred to as a developer contribution) is likely a strong connection incentive, as it reduces the building's construction cost (though more costs must be recovered through rates). Page 66 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 15 RESHAPE STRATEGIES MDE's contracts typically have terms of 20-30 years. As the Markham Centre system began operation in 2000, many of MDE's original customers are in the process of renewing their contracts. Renewal language is typically included in existing contracts; most contracts include two 10-year extension terms.2 According to the terms of the contracts, renewal rates must be in line with rates recently offered to similar customers at the time of renewal. System Decarbonization The City has not directly regulated MDE's greenhouse gas emissions. MDE has announced a commitment to reducing GHG emissions in line with the City of Markham municipal targets and aims to achieve zero -carbon operations by 2050. MDE has secured $135M in low-cost financing from the Canada Infrastructure Bank to fund low - carbon projects. This amount has been matched by CIBC for a total of $270M in available low- cost financing. MDE has also been successful in securing grants from the Federation of Canadian Municipalities and the federal Low -Carbon Economy Fund. The funding and financing noted above will provide capital for three major low -carbon projects to decarbonize MDE's systems. These initiatives include a large-scale wastewater heat recovery project, a pilot biomass plant, and a heat recovery chiller to recover heat from IT and healthcare loads that require cooling in the winter. These planned projects are forecast to reduce MDE's GHG emissions by —80%. Although older customer contract rates are based on an avoided cost of natural gas heating, the avoided cost benchmark used to negotiate rates with new customers is based on lower GHG- intensity heating, typically using a heat pump. Costs for system decarbonization will be recovered through renegotiated rates with existing customers (as contracts are renewed) and through contracts with new connections. 4.2 Zibi Community Utility The Zibi Community Utility (ZCU) District Energy System will provide net -zero carbon heating and cooling for all buildings in a new 34-acre development in Ottawa and Gatineau on a former industrial site on the Ottawa River. To provide heating, the system recovers low-grade waste heat from the neighboring Kruger tissue mill. In summer, cooling is provided by rejecting heat into the Ottawa river, either through direct river water heat exchange or via chillers. The energy centre currently services six buildings totaling 57,000 m2 but will service 370,000 m2 at full buildout in 2032. ZCU is integral to helping Zibi be the region's first zero -carbon emission community. 2 The primary source for this case study is an interview with Bruce Ander (President & CEO) and Peter Ronson (Chief Operating Officer) of MDE carried out over Zoom on October 23, 2023. Page 67 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 16 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Table 4: Zibi Community Utility — Key Data Zibi Community Utility Location Ottawa, ON and Gatineau, QC Ownership Model Equal Partnership between Hydro Ottawa & Dream Governance Board of Directors Economic Regulation Thermal networks not regulated in Ontario or Quebec Year Established 2021 Services Heating and Cooling Current Service Area / Load Current: 57,000m2 (613,000 ft2) Future: 370,000 m2 (4 million ft2) at full build -out Low Carbon Energy Supply Industrial waste heat recovery, river water heatexchange Connection Incentives / Requirements Utility is 50% owned by developer System Development Theia Partners, a real estate developer focused on projects with high environmental performance, led the whole Zibi development including the ZCU. Theia's vision for Zibi was to create one of the world's most sustainable and environmentally conscious communities, with a goals of being net zero carbon, and achieving 30% reduction in operational building energy use compared with a code -compliant baseline. The master planning phase was led by Theia, which later sold its share to the other investors (Dream Impact Trust and Dream Asset Management Corporation), who now own equal shares of the development. Theia continues to actively manage the Zibi Community Utility system in partnership with Hydro Ottawa and Dream.3 Hydro Ottawa became involved in Zibi because of the City of Ottawa's low -carbon development strategy that encourages Hydro Ottawa to engage in partnerships to deliver low -carbon infrastructure. Hydro Ottawa has also set a target to be net zero by 2030. 3 https://theiapartners.com/projects#district Page 68 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 17 LSRTAPE TEOIES ZCU MAP O 11 j„ O Krugeasis>ue mill aa, Usirre de susus Kaugu O O Zlbi Central D%v TM—1 Plans Cenbale sAermique de quanier zibi b Enerteugy SecorMary Died ib n Ontario O Di.Div dsi .ibur shermiqua s«mn 0ntr10 O DmVib Energy Secondary Dlatribudon 0. b,e - DistirbuE thermlque s DI-i re Duebec Figure 3: ZCU System Map (Zibi.ca) System Ownership, Governance and Operation Windmill Dream Limited Partnership (Dream) and Hydro Ottawa each have a 50% interest in the utility.' The system is operated by Ottawa Hydros and governed by a board of directors. ZCU secured a $20 million loan and $3 million grant from the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) Green Municipal fund (GMF).6 Natural Resource Canada also provided a $1 million Energy Innovation fund grant. As of 2019, approximately $10 million in partner equity has also been invested in the system. 4 Zibi Community Utility LP Financial Statements, December 31, 2019 5 https:Hhydroottawa.com/en/blog/ottawas-first-carbon-neutral-community-here 6 https://fcm.ca/en/news-media/news-release/gmf/canada-and-fcm-invest-in-national-capital-regions-first-net-zero- community/backgrounder Page 69 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 18 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Rates, Connection Incentives and Regulation As both landowner/developer of Zibi and a 50% shareholder in the Zibi Community Utility, Dream can ensure that all buildings in Zibi are connected to ZCU, making additional connection incentives or requirements unnecessary. Through Dream's role in the governance of ZCU, Dream has a degree of control over the utility's rates. As the landowner, Dream has an interest in ensuring that ZCU rates are not a deterrent to the marketability of the development.7 Since ZCU's infrastructure includes a pipeline which crosses the provincial boundary, they have required approvals from the Canada Energy Regulator (CER). CER does not regulate thermal energy rates; its regulation has focused on environmental protection and ensuring Zibi has set aside sufficient financial resources to deal with any future abandonment of the thermal energy pipeline.' Thermal energy utilities are not economically regulated by the Ontario Energy Board in Ontario or Regie de L'energie in Quebec. 4.3 Lakeview Village District Energy System Lakeview Village is a planned mixed -use waterfront community in Mississauga, on the former site of an Ontario Power Generation coal-fired power plant. Lakeview Village is expected to have up to 20,000 residents at buildout. As part of the planned redevelopment of the site, the property developer, Lakeview Community Partners (LCP), has announced their intent to include a low -carbon district energy system. The planned technical solution is to provide both district heating and district cooling via a four - pipe system (supply and return pipes for both heating and cooling). The chilled water loop will be supplied via a centrifugal chiller plant. The hot water loop will be supplied via a central heat pump using heat recovered from treated effluent at the G.E. Booth Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). The G.E Booth WWTP is owned by the Region of Peel and located immediately east of the Lakeview Village development site. Lakeview Community Partners has engaged Enwave, a Toronto -based district energy utility, to deliver the thermal energy system. The details of the LCP-Enwave arrangement are not yet public. As the master developer of the entire site, LCP is in a position to ensure that all buildings at Lakeview will connect to the thermal energy system. 7 https://dream.ca/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/DRM AnnualReport final.pdf 8 Order XC-001-2021. Canada Energy Regulator, 22 February 2021. Page 70 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 19 Figure 4: Lakeview Village Rendering (Source: City of Mississauga / Cicada Designs) The current technical concept for Lakeview DE is for thermal energy to be transferred from the treated effluent a the WWTP to a separate loop via a heat exchanger. The Region of Peel expects to own the effluent heat loop on the G.E. Booth site and potentially the heat exchanger. All downstream infrastructure such as distribution piping, the effluent heat recovery heat pump, and all chilled water infrastructure is expected to be owned by Enwave. Similar to Zibi, the Lakeview DE utility rates will not be regulated by the Ontario Energy Board. Table 5: Lakeview Village District Energy — Key Data Lakeview Village District Energy Location Mississauga, ON Ownership Model Unknown. Enwave was selected as utility partner but ownership arrangement is not yet public. Governance Unknown Economic Regulation Thermal networks not regulated in Ontario Year Established TBC Services Heating and Cooling Page 71 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 20 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Lakeview Village District Energy Service Area / Load Planned: 1,000,000 m2 (11 million ft2) at full build -out Low Carbon Energy Supply Effluent heat recovery Connection Incentives / Requirements Unknown. Property developer selected utility partner so connection requirements likely. 4.4 City of Guelph District Energy In 2013, the City of Guelph launched two separate district energy service areas, one in the downtown core and one in a business park on the periphery of the city. The initial vision was for each service area to be served by a 10 MW combined heat and power (CHP) plant. The district energy project was delivered by Envida Community Energy, a new subsidiary of Guelph Hydro, itself a subsidiary of the City -owned Guelph Municipal Holdings Incl. The City invested rapidly in these new service areas, with total investment on the order of $14 million. The City did successfully sign up several customers. However, customer growth stalled, and it eventually became apparent that the systems were far from achieving the scale required to make the CHP plants viable. The project's financial performance was poor, and the City eventually elected to dismantle the business park system entirely. The downtown Guelph DES provides heating and cooling to two customers (a convention centre, and a residential condo tower). In June 2022, Guelph announced that the downtown district energy system had been sold to Cascara Energy. Cascara had previously been engaged to operate the system on the City's behalf. According to a later Freedom of Information request, Cascara purchased the system from the City effectively for free10. Available information suggests that ultimately the City's entire $14 million investment was written off. 9 "Combined heat and power facility announced for Hanlon Creek Business Park". Ward 2 Guelph Press Release, April 10, 2014. 10 Saxon, Tony. "We finally know how much the city sold downtown district energy for (spoiler alert: $8)". GuelphToday, Dec 6 2023. Page 72 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 21 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Guelph DE Case Study Insights The experience of the Guelph district energy initiative illustrates that commitment and a willingness to invest are not sufficient to successfully establish a new district energy system. Customer connections are critical, and brand-new systems are particularly vulnerable to connection risk. Without a combination of the right circumstances (typically, a major new development area) and either enthusiastic customer participation or policy tools to drive connection, new district energy systems can face significant challenges. While there are examples of new DE systems being established by municipalities without relying on compulsory tools such as mandatory connection, those cases are relatively rare. Strong municipal policies to ensure buildings (typically new builds) connect remains the most common connection risk mitigation strategy for new district energy systems. 4.5 Enwave Toronto Enwave Toronto is Canada's largest district energy system. Enwave's Toronto system includes a steam heating system as well as an innovative chilled water system. Enwave serves approximately 180 buildings in downtown Toronto, including many landmark buildings and institutions. Enwave also owns other district energy systems in Canada, though the Toronto system is the company's largest. History The company that is now Enwave was originally established in 1969 as a non -share capital corporation to provide heat to four hospitals in downtown Toronto11. In 1980, it was merged with other steam system assets in the area. It remained a non -share corporation and the board was expanded to include representatives appointed by the City, the hospitals, the provincial government, and the University of Toronto12. The utility was converted to a share corporation in 1998, with shares issued to the City, the provincial government, the University of Toronto, and the four hospitals which founded the system 13. All of these entities owned large buildings served by the district energy system. Over time, these customers sold their shares, and ownership was eventually consolidated. Today, Enwave is owned by Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan and IFM Investors, an investment management firm. Since privatization in 1998, Enwave has continued to expand. The utility added its chilled water service in Toronto in 2004 and has subsequently purchased existing DE systems and established new systems throughout North America. 11 The Toronto Hospitals Steam Corporation Act 1969. Statutes of the Province of Ontario 1968-69, Chapter 131. 12 The Toronto District Heating Corporation Act, 1980. Statutes of the Province of Ontario 1980, Chapter 73. 13 The Toronto District Heating Corporation Act, 1998. Statutes of the Province of Ontario 1998, Chapter 15 Sched C. Page 73 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 22 RESHAPE STRATEGIES The history of Enwave illustrates how district energy ownership can evolve over time. The project, which began as a non-profit collaboration between four hospitals, expanded to include participation by the municipality, the province, and other major customers. This type of ownership evolution has also been quite common in Sweden, where the share of district energy utilities owned by municipalities declined from nearly 100% in 1990 to about 60% by 2004. Joint Development Agreement with City of Toronto In response to City policies requiring low -carbon heating systems for new buildings, Enwave has continued to work in partnership with the City of Toronto. In 2018, following a procurement process by the City to select a "revenue partner to deliver district energy systems across Toronto with little risk to the City", Enwave and the City completed a Joint Development Agreement.14 The stated objectives of the JDA are to: • Reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and improve energy resilience; • Achieve speed to market, scalability, and ability to fund projects identified for development; including attracting grants from external parties; • Foster economic development, City building, and new revenue opportunities; • Mitigate risks associated with project development and operation; and • Create balance between long term project development and the capability to initiate projects that are ready for development now.15 Following the selection of Enwave as the preferred proponent, the City of Toronto and Enwave negotiated the terms of the JDA (the full term sheet can be found on the City's website16) Under the JDA, a joint development team will "identify and propose" potential DE projects to recommend to City Council and Enwave's Board of Directors and "Council approval will be required before the City can commit resources or access to City assets to a project". The City will share in the benefits derived from approved project implementation, which may include revenue sharing and ownership of carbon credits. The City's financial contribution to individual projects may include in -kind contributions, capital in the form of grants from other levels of government, and leases/access to City assets. The first project completed under the JDA is the district energy system at Etobicoke Civic Centre in Toronto (also known as Six Points, at the intersections of Bloor Street West and Kipling Ave). This project will serve a 17-acre City -owned site, comprising seven development blocks, including the new Etobicoke Civic Centre and five blocks of residential development delivered by CreateTO as part of The City's Housing Now Initiative. The proposed DES will be a "networked" geoexchange system with the borefields located beneath the footprints of 14 https://www.toronto.ca/legdocs/mmis/2022/gl/bgrd/backgroundfile-227886.pdf 1s https://www.toronto.ca/legdocs/mmis/2017/ex/bgrd/backgroundfile-109095.pdf 16 https://www.toronto.ca/legdocs/mmis/2018/ex/bgrd/backgroundfile-112992.pdf Page 74 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 23 RESHAPE STRATEGIES buildings on the site. The networked geoexchange fields will connect to a single energy centre housed in the Etobicoke Civic Centre that will provide hot and chilled water to the district.17 The DES will enable the Six Points community to have near -zero operating emissions. As the developer of the site, the City will ensure that all buildings connect to the Enwave system, eliminating connection risk. _ EXISTING B/d 69�' snNc BUILDING � Bps m 72, . � 39 "' 1 � 331bors .� . 141# ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE '••• r Ts �. f9.32 m /�• ) . �. 30 N•dt41 31 ~' —floors • h • EXISTING BUILDING EXISTING BUILDING 1 a` � �� �~.Z.� i • i • • . • • •� 1� / ,,. B�1'• .N : EXISTING BUILDING 281 47 all ••�t �' •• %: 04 y wit •...••. •. EXISTING B • 1� yj tom • : •o • �••.•r _ EXISTING BUILDINCy Figure 5: Etobicoke Civic Centre Development 11 The Six Points site is adjacent to another CreateTO site at Bloor Street West and Islington Avenue, comprising an additional four residential towers, these buildings are not part of the Six Points DES, however the agreement does appear to allow Enwave to build DES infrastructure beyond the development site, which would enable the system to grow beyond the Six Points service area in the future, in addition to the existing large buildings that neighbour the site. Page 75 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 24 RESHAPE STRATEGIES 4.6 River District Energy / Metro Vancouver Waste -to -Energy Facility This project is a collaboration between the public and private sectors to deliver a regional -scale district heating utility. The major components include: River District Energy (RDE), a privately -held district heating utility serving new buildings within the River District development site in southeast Vancouver. RIDE has been in operation since 2012 and provides hot water service to 20 buildings using temporary gas -fired boiler plants. Metro Vancouver Regional District (MVRD), a regional government for the greater Vancouver area. It provides regional services such as water, wastewater, and solid waste management to its member municipalities. MVRD owns the Waste -to -Energy Facility (WTEF), a solid waste management facility in Burnaby, BC which currently produces 22 MW of electricity. MVRD has signed a contract to provide thermal energy to RIDE by drawing waste heat off the WTEF. City of Burnaby. The City of Burnaby is developing new district energy systems in Burnaby. It will own and operate these systems and has passed a connection bylaw requiring new buildings to connect and will seek to retrofit existing buildings for connection. The City of Burnaby and MVRD are working to finalize a contract for MVRD to sell thermal energy to a new district energy utility being developed by Burnaby.18 Figure 6: Rendering of River District at Build -out (Wesgroup Properties) is Burnaby District Energy Policy, 2023 Page 76 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 25 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Table 6: MVRD / RDE — Key Data I MetroRiver District Energy & Vancouver Waste -to -Energy I Location Vancouver, BC and Burnaby, BC Ownership Model Split asset. Includes a privately held utility and multiple publicly - owned utilities. Transmission system is separate from distribution. Governance • RIDE: investor -owned, privately held • MVRD: board made up of elected officials from member municipalities • City of Burnaby: City Council Economic Regulation • River District Energy is regulated by the BC Utilities Commission • Thermal energy sales by City of Burnaby to its customers will be unregulated • Metro Vancouver's sale of wholesale thermal energy to RIDE and the City of Burnaby is technically subject to regulation by the BCUC, however Metro Vancouver intends to request an exemption from BCUC regulation Year Established • RIDE established 2011 • MVRD district heating system to begin operations in 2027 • City of Burnaby district heating service to begin 2026 Service RIDE: Heating Only Burnaby: TBD Current Service Area / RIDE Current: 300,000 m2 (3.2 million ft2) Load RIDE Build -out: 900,000 m2 (9.7 million ft2) Burnaby: TBD Low Carbon Energy Supply Waste heat from existing MVRD-owned waste -to -energy facility Connection Incentives / Rezoning of River District area includes requirement to connect to Requirements RIDE. Burnaby has passed a connection bylaw for new buildings in Metrotown and Edmonds service areas. Funding / Financing RIDE has received commercial debt financing on favourable terms due to the project's environmental benefits. Page 77 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 RESHAPE STRATEGIES � VGIII,VUVCI Burnaby — Indicative Pipe Routing 0.75 1.5 km Figure 7: Thermal Energy Transmission Line from WTEF to River District Energy, Metrotown and Edmonds System History and Development The WTEF heat transmission system was established through close collaboration between local governments and Wesgroup, the developer of River District. Metro Vancouver and the City of Vancouver both have a longstanding interest in increasing resource recovery from the WTEF through district energy. When the WTEF was first built in the late 1980s, MVRD sold steam to an adjacent paper mill. In the early 2000s, MVRD added a turbine and generator and began generating power for sale to BC Hydro to supplement revenue from steam sales. In 2011, the paper mill closed, and since that time power sales have been the only source of energy sales revenue from the WTEF. The City of Vancouver has pushed for the development of new district energy projects since the launch of its own system, the Neighbourhood Energy Utility, in 2010. When Wesgroup, the owner of the River District site, was in discussions with the City regarding rezoning to allow the construction of multifamily residential, the City included a requirement that the River District area include district energy. As a result of this, buildings within River District have been required to connect to RIDE under the terms of the rezoning of the site since 2011. Page 78 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 27 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Wesgroup evaluated potential utility partners for River District, but ultimately chose to establish their own utility, River District Energy. RDE has been owned by Wesgroup from the system's inception and ownership has never expressed interest in divesting of the system. Later policies implemented by the City of Vancouver required that RDE add a low -carbon resource rather than rely indefinitely on natural gas. River District completed a feasibility study for low -carbon energy supply, the results of which showed that multiple low -carbon technology options were considered feasible, including purchasing thermal energy from the WTEF. The RDE study was followed by a WTEF DES Business Case study commissioned by Metro Vancouver. As part of this study, Metro Vancouver considered a range of ownership options for the heat transmission system, but ultimately decided to own it directly. Once that decision was made, MVRD and RDE worked together on a thermal energy purchase agreement. In 2021, Metro Vancouver and River District Energy concluded a thermal energy purchase agreement. MVRD is now working closely with the City of Burnaby to expand the system into major development nodes in Burnaby. As of 2024, new buildings larger than 9,293 m2 (100,000 ft2) in the Metrotown and Edmonds areas of Burnaby will be required to connect to a new DEU being established by the City of Burnaby. Ownership, Operation, Governance and System Capitalization Wesgroup will continue to own RIDE, and RDE will continue to be responsible for its own assets including its community energy center (which includes backup boilers for periods when WTEF heat is unavailable), distribution lines to customer buildings, and energy transfer stations. RDE has not received any grants towards system development costs, however it has received a commercial debt financing on favorable terms due to the project's environmental benefits. The City of Burnaby will own the Burnaby DEU. The DEU will initially be run within the City's engineering department but may be transferred to a wholly -owned subsidiary of the City. The City is pursuing grants to support system development costs. Metro Vancouver owns the WTEF and will also own the heat transmission line system to bring thermal energy to RDE's community energy centre and to planned energy centres in Burnaby. Metro Vancouver is pursuing funding from the Government of Canada to support system development costs. Page 79 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 28 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Rate Setting and Regulation RDE's thermal energy rates are regulated by the BC Utilities Commission. Metro Vancouver's thermal energy sales to RIDE and to the City of Burnaby are subject to regulation by BCUC, but Metro Vancouver intends to seek an exemption. The City of Burnaby's district energy system would not be subject to regulation by the BCUC as local governments are exempt from regulation by BCUC. Under the City of Vancouver's Zero Emissions Building Plan, buildings connecting to RIDE are required to meet increasingly stringent GHG emission limits from 2023 onwards. By the early 2030s, all new buildings connected to RIDE must have a GHG emissions intensity of zero. The City of Burnaby is implementing new policies to require low GHG emissions from new buildings, and these policies will also apply to buildings served by the Burnaby DEU.19 4.7 City of Vancouver False Creek Neighbourhood Energy Utility The False Creek Neighbourhood Energy Utility provides low -carbon heating to the False Creek service area using waste heat recovered from untreated sewage. The energy centre is co - located with a sewage pumping station. Key project statistics are provided in Table E-2. In 2005, several years after the City of Vancouver was awarded the 2010 Winter Olympics, City Council approved plans to redevelop a former industrial site at the southeast end of False Creek to house the Olympic Village. After the games, the buildings would be repurposed as housing, and the rest of the site would be built out as a sustainable, mixed -use community known as Southeast False Creek. The primary objective for the development of the False Creek Neighbourhood Energy Utility (FC NEU) was the reduction of GHG emissions, in alignment with the sustainability goals for the neighbourhood.21 In addition to GHG emission reductions, the City's goals for the creation of the NEU were to provide reliable, comfortable and cost -competitive thermal energy; and reduce the use of high - quality energy (electricity) for the provision of low-grade space and hot water heating. The City wanted to establish the FC NEU to demonstrate the commercial viability of DE, however the development timeline dictated by the 2010 Olympics meant that there was insufficient time for the City to select a private sector utility partner and obtain the necessary 19 The source of information for this case study is Reshape's direct experience supporting Wesgroup, River District Energy and Metro Vancouver throughout the development of this project since 2011, supporting sources are noted and linked throughout. 21 The utility was originally known as the Southeast False Creek NEU, but with the expansion of the system outside of Southeast False Creek, the system name was changed to the False Creek NEU. Page 80 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 29 RESHAPE STRATEGIES regulatory approvals from the BC Utilities Commission, so the City elected to develop the project as a 100% municipally owned utility. Figure 8: Construction of the Olympic Village, Vancouver Table 7: False Creek NEU — Key Data False Creek NEU Location Vancouver, BC Ownership Model Municipally owned (part of City's engineering department) Governance Governed by City Council with independent expert rate review panel. Economic Regulation Exempt from regulation by the BC Utilities Commission. Year Established 2010 System Size Current: 620,000 m2 (6,700,000 ft2) Future: 1,900,000 m2 (20,500,000 ft2) Service Heating Low Carbon Energy Supply Base -load heating is supplied by sewage heat pumps (current NEU target is 70% renewable supply) combined with natural gas boilers fueled by renewable and conventional natural gas. Connection Incentives / Mandatory connection within service area Requirements (defined in NEU bylaw) Page 81 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 30 RESHAPE STRATEGIES The City's main drivers for establishing a 100% publicly owned DE utility were: • Limited time to select private sector partner. • Public ownership enables exemption from regulation by BC Utilities Commission. • Direct municipal control over 25% of the connected floor area in the first phase of the system provided load certainty. • Ability to establish a mandatory DE connection bylaw in the NEU service area to ensure connection of future loads. • Ability to access significant grants and low-cost financing. The False Creek NEU is operated by the City of Vancouver engineering department, and is overseen by Vancouver City Council, who make decisions on capital investment, policy and customer rates. The rates are reviewed by an independent rate review panel. The rate structure of the NEU is designed to mirror a regulated private sector model; capital and operating costs are recovered through customer rates, including a return on equity.21 The rate structure was designed to demonstrate commercial viability of DE and to enable benchmarking against other DE utilities.22 The transparency of the business model would also help facilitate the sale of the NEU to the private sector in the future, if the City chose to sell the asset. 4.8 Lulu Island Energy Company Lulu Island Energy Company (LIEC) is a wholly -owned municipal corporation that provides heating and cooling services in two service areas within the City of Richmond. LIEC's energy is supplied by a mixture of low carbon and conventional energy sources. At present, LIEC provides service to approximately 600,000 m2 of connected floor area. Table 8: Lulu Island Energy Corporation — Key Data CompanyLulu Island Energy Location City of Richmond, BC Ownership Model Wholly -owned subsidiary of the City of Richmond. 30-year design, build, finance, operate and maintain (DBFOM) agreement with Corix Utilities to assist with delivery of City Centre service area (with debt financing provided by Canadian Infrastructure Bank). Governance • District Energy Service Agreement between LIEC and the City outlining roles, responsibilities, requirements and processes. • Board currently composed entirely of City managers. "Subject to a soft rate cap that prices be no more than 10% above electricity rates. 22The City chose not to include notional income taxes on the utility proforma. Page 82 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 31 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Lulu Island Energy Company • Council determines and enforces connection requirements via Service Area Bylaws and establishes retail rates, with regard to LIEC costs, contributions/grants, and conditions of any LIEC financing. Economic Regulation Excluded (municipal systems are not subject to regulation in BC) Year Established 2013 Service Heating and Cooling Service Area Current Alexandra Neighbourhood: 214,000 m2 (2.3 million ft2) Current City Centre (including Oval Village): 390,000 m2 (4.2 million ft2) Future City Centre 4.4 million m2 (47 million ft2) Low Carbon Energy Alexandra Neighbourhood: Supply Geoexchange, air source heat pump, evaporative fluid coolers, condensing boilers, renewable natural gas City Centre: Condensing boilers, chillers, sewer heat recovery (future), renewable natural gas Connection Incentives / Service Area Bylaw with Mandatory Connection Requirements System History and Development As the fourth largest city in British Columbia, Richmond has become a leader in the development of district energy to support the City's ambitious greenhouse gas reduction targets. Richmond made the initial decision to establish a fully -owned municipal system to ensure full control over its development and rates, including exclusion from onerous regulation by the BC Utilities Commission. There has been strong political support from the system throughout its history. While LIEC directs and owns all infrastructure and services (and Council has full authority over rates), LIEC has pursued innovative partnerships to assist in the delivery of the infrastructure and services, including financing. Page 83 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 32 RESHAPE STRATEGIES The explicit goals of LIEC are to: • Establish a highly efficient district energy network providing heating and, in some cases, cooling services to buildings at competitive rates; • Provide reliable, resilient local energy for the benefit of its customers; • Operate and maintain low carbon energy systems; • Position Richmond to be a national and international leader in district energy utilities; • Develop and manage effective partnerships; and • Sustain long term financial viability. LIEC was established in 2013 following the construction of the first phase of the City's very first district energy system — the Alexandra District Energy Utility (ADEU). The ADEU employs a mix of technologies including air -source heat pumps, evaporative fluid coolers, condensing boilers, and geo-exchange fields located in City lands to efficiently heat and cool connected buildings. LIEC's second service area was a new neighbourhood surrounding the Olympic Oval built for the 2010 Winter Olympics, which has since been converted to a community centre. In 2014, LIEC entered into a 30-year Concession Agreement with Corix Infrastructure to design, construct, finance, operate, and maintain the infrastructure for this new service area. LIEC retained governance and full ownership of the infrastructure, with rates set by Council. In 2022, LIEC entered into an agreement with Corix Infrastructure Inc. and the Canada Infrastructure Bank (CIB) to help design, build, finance, operate and maintain a district energy system for the entire Richmond City Centre (City Centre District Energy Utility (CCDEU)). This agreement replaces the concession agreement for the Oval Village, which is now part of the much larger CCDEU service area. The expanded utility will serve an additional 170 new buildings (an additional 4.6 million m2), representing $500 million of new capital and over one million tonnes of GHG reductions. Under the new agreement, Corix will continue to support design, construction, operation and financing of the CCDEU (including the Oval Village). The CIB will provide $175 million in debt financing for the CCDEU, facilitating waste heat recovery from the regional sewer system. The CCDEU will continue to be owned entirely by the City of Richmond through LIEC. LIEC approves all capital, operating and maintenance plans of the new special purpose entity set up by Corix, Council continues to set retail rates and enforce connection requirements. The current LIEC service areas are shown in Figure 9, below. The area outlined in red as the future service area is the new larger CCDEU service area in the agreement with Corix. Procurement Process and Agreements The current arrangement with Corix and CIB evolved incrementally for over a decade. The City of Richmond originally explored the feasibility of a district energy system around the Olympic Oval in partnership with the developer of the lands prior to the Olympics as part of the rezoning process. After determining preliminary feasibility, the City decided to pursue a district energy system under City ownership but with a third -party delivery partner. The City issued a Request for Expressions of Interest, and after evaluating responses, entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with Corix to develop a district energy system on the Page 84 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 33 RESHAPE STRATEGIES City's behalf. After further due diligence, the City and Corix entered into a concession agreement for Corix to design, build, finance, operate and maintain the system. Several years later, the City issued another RFEOI to support development of district energy in the City Centre. After reviewing responses, the City entered negotiations with Corix to develop a larger district energy system for the City Centre, including the Oval Village. During negotiations, LIEC secured a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the CIB to explore a possible role for CIB in financing an expanded system. After several years of due diligence and negations, Corix, CIB and LIEC executed a design, build, finance, operate and maintain (DBFOM) agreement for City Centre in September 2021. Ownership, Governance and Rate Setting LIEC is a wholly -owned municipal corporation. As a municipal utility, it is excluded from regulation by the BC Utilities Commission. After the incorporation of LIEC (which required approval of the Inspector of Municipalities), the City of Richmond and LIEC entered into a District Energy Utilities Agreement in 2014, which assigned LIEC the function of establishing and operating district energy systems and providing thermal energy services on behalf of the City. LIEC currently owns and operates the ADIEU and the new CCDEU. Richmond has been experiencing rapid development in these areas and LIEC has been expanding to meet this increased energy demand. LIEC is governed by a Board of Directors currently composed entirely of City staff. It is required at least once in every calendar year to have its sole shareholder, the City of Richmond, endorse consent resolutions addressing the business that would otherwise be required to be transacted at an annual general meeting. LIEC's articles of incorporation also require that the Board appoint an auditor and officers of LIEC, and that LIEC holds an annual information meeting open to the public, at which LIEC must present the audited financial statements for the previous fiscal year. Council is responsible for approving and enforcing connection requirements and for establishing retail rates under Service Area Bylaws. LIEC currently operates under three Service Area Bylaws (an artifact representing that the Olympic Oval service area preceded the larger CCDEU Service Area), with three separate rate schedules.21 In setting rates, Council must have regard to the costs of LIEC (net of any developer contributions or grants) and also any conditions of financing for LIEC. However, Council has considerable discretion to manage rates through the use of deferral accounts (which operate like lines of credit to manage discrepancies between revenues and costs over time, particularly during the early development phases of development where infrastructure is constructed in advance of development). Retail rates for end users are also managed through the use of developer contributions and external grants, when available. Developer contributions may be required as a condition of connection and may take the form of financial contributions or contributed infrastructure (e.g., 23 ADEU Bylaw, CCDEU Bylaw, OVDEU Bylaw Page 85 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 34 RESHAPE STRATEGIES energy transfer stations or interim on -site energy sources which are designed and constructed by developers under the direction of LIEC and Corix). Under the DBFOM agreement with Corix, equity financing is provided on terms similar to regulated utilities in BC, with Corix assuming certain risks and performance requirements in exchange for a return on its equity. Long-term debt financing is provided by the Canadian Infrastructure Bank on favourable terms. Council provides direction to LIEC on low -carbon energy. LIEC, in turn, is responsible for reviewing and approving Corix's annual capital and operating plans to achieve these goals. Corix is compensated for its cost of service, which includes financing, staff and other approved costs. The cost of service is calculated annually but payments may be deferred subject to limits on cumulative deferrals. Any deferred payments are subject to financing on comparable terms. Deferrals are used to ensure affordable rates as infrastructure and carbon requirements are phased.24 24 This case study is based on Reshape's first-hand experience supporting LIEC development and agreement negotiation on behalf of LIEC. Page 86 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 35 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Figure 9: LIEC Service Areas (Lulu Island Energy Company) Page 87 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 RESHAPE STRATEGIES S Report Submission RESHAPE INFRASTRUCTURE STRATEGIES Prepared By: Will Cleveland, MSc Principal Reviewed By: Sonja Wilson, PEng (AB, BC, ON) Principal Revision H 0 2024.03.08 Draft Issued for Client Review WPC 1 2024.03.13 Draft Issued for Client Review WPC 2 2024.01.16 Final Final issue WPC Filename: RPT-P808-RegionOfDurham-DEOwnership-FINAL-R2.docx Page 88 P808 - Report for Region of Durham from Reshape Strategies— R2 37 Regional Municipality of Durham Courtice DES Business Case April 2025 COURTICE DES SERVICE AREA (CONCEPTUAL ONLY) RESHAPE STRATEGIES Red outline indicates approximate DES service area (can be expanded to serve adjacent areas) CTOC 3D View Looking SW (Urban Strategies DRAFT CTOC Demonstration Plan, December 2023) Page 90 DISTRICT ENERGY OPTIONS EVALUATED RESHAPE STRATEGIES A heating -only system with heat from DYEC is the preferred DES concept and the basis of the DE business case because it: • Has the lowest capital and lifecycle cost' • Results in an 70% reduction in GHG emissions from gas boiler BAU over analysis period. • Results in the lowest cost per tonne of avoided GHG emissions. 1. Including the capital and lifecycle costs of in -building cooling systems Page 91 c 0 E V) 0 U a� U U 0 �_ J DYEC HEATING ONLY - DES BUSINESS CASE 350 325 300 275 250 225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 Lifecycle Cost of DE vs. Reference Case Reference Case 100% Electrified DE -Heating Only (DYEC) ■ Capital & Financing Costs ❑ Fuel Costs ❑ Non -Fuel O&M RESHAPE STRATEGIES • To achieve similar GHG outcomes without the DES, all buildings in the Courtice MTSA would need to have 100% electrified heating (Reference case). • The lifecycle cost of low -carbon heating in the Courtice MTSA supplied by DE is lower than electrification of heating at the building level. • In the reference case, fuel costs are —30% of the lifecycle cost, and capital is —40%. In the DE case, capital and financing costs are 57% of the total lifecycle cost and the fuel cost is 9%. — DE provides greater energy cost stability to MTSA residents, relative to building electrification, due to reduced exposure to escalating electricity rates. Page 92 LANDOWNER GROUP (LOG) DEVELOPMENT FORECAST (UPDATED JANUARY 2025) MTSA Boundary RESHAPE STRATEGIES jPa I= al Units Ownership 800 2030 900 2031 845 20320rot 9,214 0- 11,759 Tribute 9 Brookfield 12 525 550 550 3,725 5,350 Properties Louisville 15 - - - 1,625 1,625 Homes 13 - - - 5,080 5,080 Metrolinx Non - Participants NP, 32 - - - 6,401 6,401 (NP) Total Unitsl 1,325 1 1,450 1 1,395 1 26,045 1 30,215 At an estimated average unit size of 720 ft2 (67 m2), the build -out floor area in the high -density area of the MTSA is estimated to be 2 million m2 or —20 million square feet. Page 93 COURTICE DES LOAD FORECAST ASSUMPTIONS (UPDATED) 1,100,000 1,000,000 900,000 Q 700,000 0 600,000 v 500,000 400,000 u 300,000 200,000 100,000 2025 Updated Forecast ("Target" Density) M �1 M Ln I- M �1 M Ln I- M �1 M Ln I- N M M M M M Ln Ln Ln Ln O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O fV N N N N N N N N N N N N N N 2023 Prior Forecast ("Minimum" Density) 50 1,100,000 45 1,000,000 900,000 40 t N E 800,000 35 m Q 700,000 30 600,000 25 c o 500,000 20 0 400,000 15 z c U 300,000 10 200,000 5 100,000 W O C 4 :I- L.0 W O r J :I- LA W O N lzt 1Z N M M M M M Ln Ln Ln Ln O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O (V (V fV lV N lV rV N cV N N (V N fV N iii.High Rise MURB Low Rise MURB Office Retail .Advanced Manufacturing Total Connected Buildings RESHAPE STRATEGIES 50 45 W. 35 30 m 25 c 20 U 4- 15 0 z 10 Page 94 6 PHASE 1 DISTRIBUTION PIPING PLAN ASSUMPTIONS V N Cr N 2 H RESHAPE STRATEGIES • First phase of distribution piping system • Estimated to be 1400 m • Service connections to buildings not shown Page 95 PHASE 1- ENERGY CENTRE • The first phase of the DES will be heated by a —7 MW temporary energy centre (TEC). • Once sufficient development in CTOC is underway, connection to DYEC will be 24 21 18 v 15 v 2 12 v a v 9 v 0 6 3 0 Served by DYEC Waste Heat + Gas Boiler Peaking & Backup co (7 � N O N m N Ln 2029 20312033 2035 2037 2039 20412043 2045 2047 2049 20512053 2055 2057 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Temporary Energy Centre at the UBC Neighbourhood District Energy System (Corix Utilities) Page 96 UPDATED DES BUSINESS CASE (BASE CASE) Business case is presented as cost neutral from the DE Utility perspective (including return on equity) with competitive costs for DE rate payers and similar capital costs for landowners relative to the 100% electrified reference case. DE Utility Cost Recovery DE Utility Revenues Equal to Costs on PV Basis (including RoE) 140,000 0 120,000 0 0 100,000 > 80,000 v v 60,000 40,000 20,000 I Revenues Costs ❑ Capital and Financing Costs ❑ Non Fuel Operating Costs ® Fuel Costs ❑ DE Variable Rate Revenue Rate Payer Costs Monthly Heating and Cooling for Typical Residential Unit lower* with DE than with 100% Electrified Heating 300 250 = 200 c 0 150 4j"100 .. r 50 N m m m� on m m O O O O O O O O O O N N N N N N N N N N IDES Case Residential Unit Monthly Costs ......• 100% Electrified Reference Case Residential Unit Monthly Costs Business -as -Usual Reference Case Residential Unit Monthly Costs 200,000 180,000 160,000 140,000 _ 120,000 O 0 100,000 80,000 40,000 20,000 0 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Landowner Costs DE Connection Fees Similar to 100% Electric On -Site Systems DES Connection Charges On -site Cooling Sv-,tP m s Reference Case Reference Case Reference Case District Energy -100% - Green - BAU Electrified Development Standard Page 97 9 DES BUSINESS CASE - DE UTILITY CASH FLOW 30 25 20 15 0 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 RESHAPE STRATEGIES 2029 2030 20312032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 20412042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 2048 2049 2050 20512052 2053 2054 2055 2056 2057 2058 Annual Costs Annual Revenues —Net Annual Cash Flow Page 98 10 FINANCIAL RISKS AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES Connection Risk Timing Risk RESHAPE STRATEGIES Connection Risk: Will buildings connect? Timing Risk: When will buildings connect? Page 99 FINANCIAL RISKS AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES CONT. Mitigating Strategies for Connection Risk RESHAPE STRATEGIES Mitigating Strategies for Timing Risk Mandatory connection bylaw in defined service Don't build too much too soon! area. — Minimize early investment in system Supported with: — Plan expansion of DES to match growth of neighbourhood — Competitive rates — Competitive connection fees — Utilize temporary energy centres — Streamlined / accelerated permitting process — Complete cost/benefit analysis of extending — Other incentives service to new service areas (extension test). Page100 OWNERSHIP & GOVERNANCE OF COURTICE DES RESHAPE STRATEGIES Joint Municipal Services Board (JMSB) ------------------------------------------- Control and Management of Respective Services Delegated by Municipalities --------------------------------------------- • Governed by Board appointed by Municipalities • Provides Governance of Municipal Services Corporation • Passes District Energy Bylaw (Incl. Connection Requirement) • Sets Rates and Connection Fees Municipal Services Corporation (MSC) • Shareholders: Region of Durham and Municipality of Clarington • MSC delivers, owns and operates DE Infrastructure • MSC enables access to debt financing • MSC provides billing and rate collection on behalf of JMSB Page 101 POTENTIAL FOR LOW-COST FINANCING AND GRANTS • Over the past 2-3 years CIB has entered into financing agreements with three DES utilities totaling more than a billion dollars. • Many low -carbon DE projects secure lesser amounts as grants. Selection of Funding and Financing Recipients (non -exhaustive) Name of Program Canadian Infrastructure Bank (CIB) Canadian Infrastructure Bank (CIB) Green Municipal Fund (GMF) Green Municipal Fund (GMF) Green Municipal Fund (GMF) Green Municipal Fund (GMF) Low Carbon Economy Fund Markham Centre District Energy 135 Enwave Energy Corporation 600 Markham Centre District Energy 1 7.2 Zibi Community Utility 3 20 City of Vancouver NEU 1.5 15 Lonsdale Energy Corporation 2 2 Enwave Energy Corporation - PEI 3.5 RESHAPE STRATEGIES Page 102 14 Courtice DES Business Case - Confidential - Meeting with Clarington 2025.02.04 - DRAFT R2 TARGET PROJECT DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE & PROCESS •Inclusion of DE in Courtice MTSA Secondary Plan •Establish Municipal Services Corporation for DE •Establish JMSB and CTOC DES Bylaw •Engagement with financial institutions re: project financing •Phase 1 DES Design, Procurement and Construction •Phase 1 DES in service in 2029 •Heat supply from temporary gas boiler plant in MTSA •Negotiation of Phase 2 agreements •Design and construction DYEC heat recovery system and transmission piping / •Heat supply from DYEC connected to Courtice DES 2036--2050 •Connection to DYEC to decarbonize heat supply •Expansion beyond Courtice MTSA 2050+ n PEGIES • In the near term, the Municipalities will work to include DE as part of the Courtice MTSA Secondary Plan as an enabling policy for DE. • The objective is to have DE service available in time for the first buildings in the CTOC to connect (2029). • The DE Service Area and Phasing Plan will be developed in coordination with Landowner's Group. • To manage investment risk, the first phase of the DES will be served by a temporary gas boiler plant (or plant integrated with a municipal facility). • Once sufficient load is connected to the DES, the connection to DYEC will be completed, decarbonizing the heat supply to all buildings connected to the DES. • Depending on growth outside the MTSA, the DES may be expanded to serve additional areas. Page103 ESTABLISHING GOVERNANCE AND OWNERSHIP L HARATEGIES] • Following Council endorsement of proposed governance and ownership model, Regional and Clarington staff will undertake next steps as mandated by the Municipal Act to develop the proposed governance and ownership model, including: — Develop a comprehensive Business Case Study that outlines the rationale for establishing the Municipal Services Corporation, including projected costs, revenue streams, operational structure, and key benefits. The Plan will include: • Governance structure design — determine board composition, decision -making processes, and reporting mechanisms • Funding mechanisms— detail how the MSC will be funded through debt financing, connection fees, and user rates • Asset transfer policies — describe which assets will be transferred, and under what terms • Staffing and recruitment — describe the staffing plan, including management and technical personal, and how they will be recruited — Conduct public consultations — engage public through public meeting/information session to gather feedback on the proposed MSC, its services and potential impacts — Legal review — consult with legal counsel to ensure compliance with relevant provincial legislation regarding creation and operations — Council approval — Fall/winter 2025 staff will return to council to present the business case and seek approval Page104 SENT VIA EMAIL May 29, 2025 June Gallagher Clerk Municipality of Clarington 40 Temperance Street Bowmanville, ON L1 C 3A6 The Regional Municipality of Dear Ms. Gallagher: Durham Corporate Services Department — RE: Region of Durham Response to Bill 5, Protect Ontario by Legislative Services Unleashing the Economy Act, 2025 (2025-CG-7), Our File: Division C13 605 Rossland Rd. E. Council of the Region of Durham, at its meeting held on May 28, Level 1 PO Box 623 2025, adopted the following recommendations: Whitby, ON L1 N 6A3 Canada "A) That the letter dated May 16, 2025, found in Attachment #1 to 905-668-7711 Report #2025-CG-7 of the Commissioner of Community Growth 1-800-372-1102 and Economic Development, be endorsed as the Region of Durham's response to Bill 5, Protect Ontario by Unleashing the durham.ca Economy Act, 2025, including the following key comments: Alexander Harras i) The Region supports efforts to streamline the approvals M.P.A. Director of process for mining projects in Ontario when it does not Legislative Services come at the expense of safeguarding against & Regional Clerk environmental and community impacts; ii) The Region is supportive of mechanisms that would result in increased local procurement in the electricity sector. Limiting competition, however, could increase costs if local or preferred suppliers are more expensive than international alternatives, which may result in increased electricity prices for ratepayers; iii) Proposed amendments to the Ontario Heritage Act, 1990, fail to address systemic issues in archaeological resource management, such as delayed consultation with Indigenous communities and unilateral provincial control over Indigenous artifacts and cultural heritage. Additionally, the proposed amendments exacerbate already weakened heritage protections brought in through Bill 23. Any exemptions under the Ontario Heritage Act could result in negative impacts, including the destruction of Indigenous artifacts and burial sites; If you require this information in an accessible format, please contact 1-800-372-1102 extension 2097. Page105 iv) The new proposed regime for endangered species and at - risk species is designed for more flexible permitting and registry -based approvals, rather than automatic prohibitions on activities that harm listed species or their habitats. Additionally, narrowing the definition of habitat in the ESA to just the immediate area surrounding dwelling sites excludes protection of broader ecosystems that endangered and at -risk species rely on for survival. While these changes could expedite development approvals, they may also reduce environmental oversight; v) The "trusted proponent" model under the Special Economic Zones Act, 2025, may create a two-tier development system, favouring select private businesses with fewer regulations; and vi) The Region should be included in consultations related to the identification of Special Economic Zones within Durham and the selection of "trusted proponents" that would operate within the region; and B) That a copy of Report #2025-CG-7 be forwarded to the Region's local area municipalities, conservation authorities, and Williams Treaty First Nations." Please find enclosed a copy of Report #2025-CG-7 for your information and be advised that, in accordance with recommendation B) contained in the report, a copy of Report #2025-CG-7 has also been forwarded to each of the Region's local area municipalities, conservation authorities, and Williams Treaty First Nations. Alexander Harras, Director of Legislative Services & Regional Clerk AH/vw Enclosed c: C. Goodchild, Director of Community Growth If you require this information in an accessible format, please contact 1-800-372-1102 ext. 2097. Page106 If this information is required in an accessible format, please contact 1-800-372-1102 ext. 2564 The Regional Municipality of Durham Report To: Regional Council From: Commissioner of Community Growth and Economic Development Report: #2025-CG-7 Date: May 28, 2025 Subject: Region of Durham Response to Bill 5, Protect Ontario by Unleashing the Economy Act, 2025 Recommendation: That it be recommended to Regional Council: A) That the letter dated May 16, 2025, found in Attachment #1 to this report, be endorsed as the Region of Durham's response to Bill 5, Protect Ontario by Unleashing the Economy Act, 2025, including the following key comments: i) The Region supports efforts to streamline the approvals process for mining projects in Ontario when it does not come at the expense of safeguarding against environmental and community impacts; ii) The Region is supportive of mechanisms that would result in increased local procurement in the electricity sector. Limiting competition, however, could increase costs if local or preferred suppliers are more expensive than international alternatives, which may result in increased electricity prices for ratepayers; iii) Proposed amendments to the Ontario Heritage Act, 1990, fail to address systemic issues in archaeological resource management, such as delayed consultation with Indigenous communities and unilateral provincial control over Indigenous artifacts and cultural heritage. Additionally, the proposed amendments exacerbate already weakened heritage protections brought in Page107 Report #2025-CG-7 Page 2 of 10 through Bill 23. Any exemptions under the Ontario Heritage Act could result in negative impacts, including the destruction of Indigenous artifacts and burial sites; iv) The new proposed regime for endangered species and at -risk species is designed for more flexible permitting and registry -based approvals, rather than automatic prohibitions on activities that harm listed species or their habitats. Additionally, narrowing the definition of habitat in the ESA to just the immediate area surrounding dwelling sites excludes protection of broader ecosystems that endangered and at -risk species rely on for survival. While these changes could expedite development approvals, they may also reduce environmental oversight; v) The "trusted proponent" model under the Special Economic Zones Act, 2025, may create a two-tier development system, favouring select private businesses with fewer regulations; and vi) The Region should be included in consultations related to the identification of Special Economic Zones within Durham and the selection of "trusted proponents" that would operate within the region; and B) That a copy of this report be forwarded to the Region's local area municipalities, conservation authorities, and Williams Treaty First Nations. Report: 1. Purpose 1.1 On April 17, 2025, the Province introduced the proposed Bill 5, Protect Ontario by Unleashing the Economy Act, 2025 (Bill 5) with a commenting period of 30-days. Various changes were made to the Bill during its passage through Standing Committee of the Interior. These changes included amendments to the purpose of the Act, revisions to definitions, and modifications to sections dealing with species conservation, permits and hearings. The purpose of this report is to provide Regional Council with an overview of the legislative changes proposed by Bill 5 and outline Regional staff's comments. 1.2 To meet the provincial commenting deadline of May 17, 2025, a letter outlining Regional staff comments was sent to the province on May 16, 2025 (Attachment #1). If Regional Council makes any changes to the comments, Regional staff will follow up with the province accordingly. Page108 Report #2025-CG-7 2. Background Page 3 of 10 2.1 This legislative proposal represents an omnibus Bill that includes 10 schedules, some that propose minor amendments to existing legislation and others that propose new legislation, all with the stated goal of protecting Ontario from global economic uncertainty. 2.2 Bill 5 introduces proposed changes to the following Acts: a. Mining Act, 1990 (ERO Posting #025-0409); b. Electricity Act, 1998 (ERO Posting #025-0409); C. Ontario Energy Board Act, 1998 (ERO Posting #025-0409); d. Ontario Heritage Act, 1990 (ERO Posting #025-0418); e. Endangered Species Act, 2007 (ERO Posting #025-0380); f. Environmental Assessment Act (ERO Posting #025-0396 and 025-0389) g. Environmental Protection Act (not posted to the ERO); and h. Rebuilding Ontario Place Act, 2023 (ERO Posting #025-0416). 2.3 In addition to changes to existing Acts, Bill 5 also introduces the following new proposed legislation: a. Special Economic Zones Act, 2025 (ERO Posting 025-0391); and b. Species Conservation Act, 2025 (ERO Posting #025-0380). 3. Mining Act, 1990 3.1 Currently, mining projects in Ontario are regulated by several ministries, each dealing with different permits or authorizations separately. This requires that proponents engage with multiple permitting ministries and Indigenous communities on each activity separately and in isolation. 3.2 Proposed changes to the Mining Act, 1990, would create a "one project, one process" approach, intended to streamline the above noted processes by taking a project level approach with an assigned "Team Lead" to guide proponents through the approvals/permitting process. 3.3 Further proposed changes would give the Minister of Energy and Mines authority to deny the issuance of mining leases and cancel existing claims and tenures, if the Minister deems it necessary to protect the strategic national mineral supply chain. Page109 Report #2025-CG-7 Page 4 of 10 3.4 The proposed changes are believed to result in faster project approvals and potentially lower costs for mining companies. The Region supports efforts to streamline the approvals process for mining projects in Ontario when it does not come at the expense of safeguarding against environmental and community impacts. 4. Electricity Act, 1998 and Ontario Energy Board Act, 1998 4.1 Proposed changes to the Electricity Act, 1998, and Ontario Energy Board Act, 1998, would establish regulation -making authority to enable the Minister of Energy and Mines to limit foreign jurisdictions' participation in Ontario's electricity sector through new electricity procurement restrictions. It would also provide a mechanism for the province to respond to future trade restrictions imposed by other countries. No specific regulations to this effect have been released at this time. Regional staff will monitor and report to Regional Council on future proposed regulations and their expected impacts. 4.2 The Region is supportive of mechanisms that would result in increased local procurement in the electricity sector. Limiting competition, however, could increase costs if local or preferred suppliers are more expensive than international alternatives, which may result in increased electricity prices for ratepayers. 5. Ontario Heritage Act, 1990 5.1 Prior to Bill 23, provincial plan review responsibilities for archeology rested with the Region, where we would require archaeological assessments for properties deemed to have archaeological potential. This is now the responsibility of the local area municipalities. 5.2 Bill 5 proposes changes to the Ontario Heritage Act, 1990 that would: a. expand inspection and enforcement powers in the protection of artifacts and archaeological sites; and b. authorize the Lieutenant Governor in Council to exempt property from archaeological and heritage conservation requirements, if deemed that the exemption could advance provincial priorities (e.g., transit, housing, health and long-term care, other infrastructure or such other priorities as they may be prescribed). Page110 Report #2025-CG-7 Page 5 of 10 5.3 The amendments would also establish criteria that must be met for a property to be eligible for an exemption. The province has indicated that there will be a separate consultation on potential criteria for exemptions, however, no details have been provided at this time. Regional staff will monitor the progress of these consultations and keep Regional Council apprised. 5.4 Proposed amendments to the Ontario Heritage Act, 1990, fail to address systemic issues in archaeological resource management, such as delayed consultation with Indigenous communities and unilateral provincial control over Indigenous artifacts and cultural heritage. Additionally, the proposed amendments exacerbate already weakened heritage protections brought in through Bill 23. Any exemptions under the Ontario Heritage Act could result in negative impacts, including the destruction of Indigenous artifacts and burial sites. 6. Endangered Species Act, 2007, and the new Species Conservation Act, 2025 6.1 There are more than 230 species at risk in Ontario, many of which are located in Durham, including numerous birds, fish, insect, reptile and plant species. These species have experienced population declines over the past several decades and are at risk of being lost completely. 6.2 Bill 5 is proposing to make immediate changes to the Endangered Species Act, 2007 (ESA) with the intent to eventually repeal the ESA and replace it with a new Species Conservation Act, 2025 (SCA). 6.3 Interim changes to the ESA would come into effect as soon as Bill 5 is passed, and include: a. updating the purpose of the ESA to remove species recovery and stewardship as explicit goals and include social and economic considerations in addition to species protection and conservation; b. allowing government discretion to add species or remove species from the Species at Risk in Ontario list; C. narrowing the definition of habitat from the broad area which an animal uses to find food to a more limited area immediately surrounding a den or nest; d. removing requirements to create recovery strategies for species at risk; e. removing "harass" from the prohibitions regarding harm to species; and f. winding down the Species Conservation Action Agency and the Species at Risk Conservation Fund. Page111 Report #2025-CG-7 Page 6 of 10 6.4 The new proposed SCA would enshrine the above interim changes, and: a. implement a "registration -first" approach, allowing project proponents to begin activities immediately following registration, subject to following rules set out in a yet to be determined regulation; b. exempt harassment of species as an activity that requires registration or a permit; C. no longer require registration (or permits) for impacts to migratory birds and aquatic species protected under the federal Species at Risk Act; d. create the ability to use mitigation and compliance orders; and e. establish a new Species Conservation Program. 6.5 The new proposed regime for endangered species and at -risk species is designed for more flexible permitting and registry -based approvals, rather than automatic prohibitions on activities that harm listed species or their habitats. Additionally, narrowing the definition of habitat in the ESA to just the immediate area surrounding dwelling sites excludes protection of broader ecosystems that endangered and at -risk species rely on for survival. While these changes could expedite development approvals, they may also reduce environmental oversight. 6.6 The province has indicated that it will be consulting with the public, Indigenous communities, and various agencies and organizations in the development of regulations to implement the registration -first approach, which is expected to come into force early in 2026. Regional staff will monitor the development of this regulation and other associated regulations and report to Regional Council as necessary. 7. Environmental Assessment Act and Environmental Protection Act 7.1 As a result of changes to the scope of a specific mining project (Eagles Nest) in northern Ontario, the province is proposing to remove the current requirement, under the Environmental Assessment Act, that the project undergo a comprehensive environmental assessment. Additional changes propose to remove environmental assessment requirements for the YORM waste project to provide additional waste capacity in Ontario due to potential impacts of tariffs on Ontario's waste sector. 7.2 The province currently charges a fee for registering an activity in the Environmental Activity and Sector Registry, under the Environmental Protection Act. Such projects pose minimal risk to the environment and human health when regulated. Proposed Page112 Report #2025-CG-7 Page 7 of 10 changes would allow the Minister of Environment Conservation and Parks to refund the imposed fee in circumstances where a registration has been removed from the Registry. 8. Rebuilding Ontario Place Act, 2023 8.1 Currently, there is a requirement for giving public notice and opportunities for comment for proposals for provincial permits and approvals related to the Ontario Place redevelopment project or those that further the project. As such, proposals for permits and approvals would have to be posted to the Environmental Registry of Ontario. Proposed changes provide for an exemption to this requirement. 9. Special Economic Zones Act, 2025 9.1 Bill 5 proposes the Special Economic Zones Act, 2025, which is a new law to allow the province to designate special areas, deemed critical to Ontario's economy and security. These areas can range in size from a small parcel of land to a large area. 9.2 Within Special Economic Zones (SEZ), the province can exempt "trusted proponents" and "designated projects" from regulatory frameworks and municipal by-laws to accelerate project permitting and approvals. Projects in SEZ will also benefit from simplified requirements, and priority access to provincial one -window services. This "trusted proponent" model under the Special Economic Zones Act, 2025, may create a two-tier development system, favouring select private businesses with fewer regulations. 9.3 The Special Economic Zones Act will allow the province to override municipal zoning, official plans, and development standards. Municipalities would have no decision -making role once a project is designated within a SEZ. Additionally, community engagement processes could be circumvented, reducing transparency and public input. Following the proclamation of Bill 23, the Region is now an "upper - tier municipality without planning approval responsibilities" under the Planning Act, so the local area municipalities will be most impacted by this. 9.4 The proposal does not include a listing of proposed SEZ, so the implications for Durham Region are unknown at this time. However, on May 5, correspondence from Premier Ford to Prime Minister Carney indicated that `nation -building' projects including the Ring of Fire, nuclear energy generation, GO passenger train service, a new James Bay deep seaport and a driver and transit tunnel expressway under Highway 401 should be prioritized. Page113 Report #2025-CG-7 Page 8 of 10 9.5 Given the density of nuclear facilities within Durham Region, it is possible that the Region or parts of the Region could be designated as a SEZ. Projects such as the Pickering Refurbishment Project, Small Modular Reactor projects and future developments at Darlington, the proposed new large nuclear generation at Wesleyville (within Northumberland County but immediately adjacent to Durham Region) could be included. Additionally, in November 2024, Ignace Ontario was selected by the Nuclear Waste Management Organization to construct Canada's deep geological repository (DGR) for nuclear waste. This site also has the potential to be identified. 9.6 In September 2024, the province announced that it would begin exploring the feasibility of a new Highway 401 tunnel expressway. Currently, this project is not expected to extend into Durham. Similarly, the reference to GO passenger train service likely refers to the GO West to Kitchener, not the GO East to Bowmanville. 9.7 Proposed locations of SEZs, how they would be designated, and identification of "trusted proponents" have not been determined. The Region should be included in consultations related to the identification of SEZs within Durham and the selection of "trusted proponents" that would operate within the region. 9.8 Regional staff will monitor and develop proactive approaches should areas within Durham be designated as SEZs. 10. Relationship to Strategic Plan 10.1 These proposed legislative changes may impact the Region's Strategic Directions and Pathways in Durham Region's 2025-2035 Strategic Plan: a. Connected and Vibrant Communities • C2. Enable a full range of housing options, including housing that is affordable and close to transit. b. Environmental Sustainability and Climate Action • E5. Respect the natural environment, including greenspaces, waterways, and agricultural lands. C. Resilient Local Economies • R1. Attract and retain quality employers that strengthen key economic sectors, including energy and technology. Page114 Report #2025-CG-7 Page 9 of 10 d. Strong Relationships • S2. Build and strengthen respectful relationships with First Nations, Inuit, Metis, and urban Indigenous communities. • S4. Advocate to the federal and provincial government and agencies to advance regional priorities. 10.2 This report aligns with the following Foundation in Durham Region's 2025-2035 Strategic Plan- a. People: Making the Region of Durham a great place to work, attracting, and retaining talent. 11. Conclusion 11.1 On April 17, 2025, the province introduced Bill 5, which proposes various amendments to existing legislation and includes the establishment of new legislation. The province is inviting comments on the proposals until May 17, 2025, a 30-day commenting window. This condensed timeline did not allow for a report to Regional Council, prior to responding. A letter containing Regional staff comments was submitted to the province on May 16, 2025 (Attachment #1). Any changes made to these comments by Regional Council will be forwarded to the province. 11.2 The proposed legislative changes signal a significant shift in Ontario's environmental, energy, land use, and procurement frameworks — many of which have direct implications for municipalities. 11.3 The new Species Conservation Act reduces automatic environmental protections for species and habitats. Environmental Assessment Act and Ontario Heritage Act amendments introduce new exemptions and ministerial powers. Changes to the Electricity Act, Ontario Energy Board Act, and Mining Act centralize decision - making, introduce procurement restrictions, and extinguish legal recourse — potentially reducing local input on major infrastructure and energy projects. Most notably, the Special Economic Zones Act allows provincial regulations to override municipal by-laws and approvals, posing a substantial risk to local land use autonomy and governance. 11.4 Municipalities must prepare for faster -paced development with fewer consultation requirements, diminished environmental oversight, and reduced legal and planning certainty. Page115 Report #2025-CG-7 Page 10 of 10 11.5 The specific regulations related to these proposed legislative changes have yet to be determined and/or will be subject to future consultation by the province. Regional staff will monitor the progress of these changes and ensure Regional Council is made aware of any Regional implications. 11.6 A copy of this report will be forwarded to the Region's area municipalities, conservation authorities, and the Williams Treaty First Nations. 12. Attachments Attachment #1: Region of Durham Staff Response to Bill 5, the Protect Ontario by Unleashing the Economy Act, 2025 Respectfully submitted, Colleen Goodchild, Director of Community Growth Recommended for Presentation to Council Nancy Taylor BBA, CPA, CA for Elaine C. Baxter-Trahair Chief Administrative Officer Page116 Attachment 1 to Report #2025-CG-7 77ODD)) DURHAM REGION The Regional Municipality of Durham May 16, 2025 Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks Species at Risk Branch 40 St. Claire Ave. W Toronto, Ontario M4V1 M2 Sent Via Email Community Growth and RE: Region of Durham Staff Response to Bill 5, the Protect Economic Development Ontario by Unleashing the Economy Act, 2025 Department Community Growth Division Thank you for the opportunity to provide feedback on proposed Bill 5, the Protect Ontario by Unleashing the Economy Act, 2025 (Bill 5). This 605 ROSSLAND ROAD EAST LEVEL4 legislative proposal represents an omnibus Bill that includes 10 PO BOX623 schedules, some that propose minor amendments to existing WHITBY, ON L1N 6A3 CANADA legislation and others that propose new legislation. 1-800- 72- 11 Bill 5 was introduced on April 17, 2025, with a commenting period of 1-800-372-1102 p � g 30-days. Considering Regional Council's reporting cycle, the 30-day Email: timeline did not allow for Regional Council to consider this matter prior CommunityGrowth@durham.ca to the May 17, 2025, commenting deadline. Therefore, the following durham.ca comments represent those of Regional staff. A report seeking Regional Council endorsement of these comments will be presented at the May 28, 2025, meeting of Regional Council. Should Regional Council make any changes to the comments, regional staff will follow up accordingly. The Region supports efforts to streamline the approvals process for mining projects in Ontario when it does not come at the expense of safeguarding against environmental and community impacts. 2. The Region is supportive of mechanisms that would result in increased local procurement in the electricity sector. Limiting competition, however, could increase costs if local or preferred suppliers are more expensive than international alternatives, which may result in increased electricity prices for ratepayers. 3. Proposed amendments to the Ontario Heritage Act, 1990 fail to address systemic issues in archaeological resource management, such as delayed consultation with Indigenous communities and unilateral provincial control over Indigenous artifacts and cultural heritage. Additionally, the proposed "Service Excellence If this information is required in an accessible format, please contact for our Communities" Reception at 1-800-372-1102, extension 2548. Page117 amendments exacerbate already weakened heritage protections brought in through Bill 23. Any exemptions under the Ontario Heritage Act could result in negative impacts including the destruction of Indigenous artifacts and burial sites. 4. The new proposed regime for endangered species and at -risk species is designed for more flexible permitting and registry - based approvals, rather than automatic prohibitions on activities that harm listed species or their habitats. Additionally, narrowing the definition of habitat in the ESA to just the immediate area surrounding dwelling sites excludes protection of broader ecosystems that endangered and at -risk species rely on for survival. While these changes could expedite development approvals, they may also reduce environmental oversight. 5. The "trusted proponent" model under the Special Economic Zones Act, 2025 may create a two-tier development system, favouring select private businesses with fewer regulations. 6. The Region should be included in consultations related to the identification of any Special Economic Zones within Durham and the selection of "trusted proponents" that would operate within the region. The Region is looking forward to participating in future consultations related to this Bill, as more details are provided and proposed regulations are developed. If you have any questions about the above noted comments, please contact Amanda Bathe, Senior Planner at Amanda. Bathe(cD_durham.ca. Thank you, Colleen Goodchild, MCIP, RPP Director of Community Growth Community Growth & Economic Development Department Page118 Ontario 0 Ministry of Natural Resources Ministere des Richesses naturelles Development and Hazard Policy Direction de la politique d'exploitation des Branch ressources et des risques naturels. Policy Division Division de 1'e1aboration des politiques 300 Water Street 300, rue Water Peterborough, ON K9J 3C7 Peterborough (Ontario) K9J 3C7 May 27, 2025 Subject: Reintroduction of the Geologic Carbon Storage Act Hello, Over the past three years, the Ministry of Natural Resources has been taking a measured and phased approach to enabling and regulating geologic carbon storage in Ontario. Carbon storage is new to the province, and developing a comprehensive framework to regulate this activity would help ensure that it is done responsibly, with measures in place to safeguard people and the environment. Geologic carbon storage (further referred to as carbon storage) involves injecting captured carbon dioxide (CO2) into deep geological formations for permanent storage. This technology could provide industries in Ontario with a critical tool for managing their emissions and contributing to the achievement of Ontario's emissions reduction targets. On November 25, 2024, the Resource Management and Safety Act, 2024 was introduced in the Ontario legislature. This Act included a proposed Geologic Carbon Storage Act. The legislature was dissolved on January 28, 2025, and all incomplete business was terminated. We are writing to notify you that today, the Bill was reintroduced in the legislature. The suite of proposed changes remains the same as what was introduced in November 2024, aside from a small number of administrative updates made to provide clarity. The original proposal can be accessed through the Environmental Registry/Regulatory Registry: https://ero.ontario.ca/notice/019-9299. If you would like more information or have any questions, please contact Andrew Ogilvie, Manager of Resources Development Section, at 705-761-5815 or through email: Resources. Development(a)_ontario.ca. Sincerely, Jennifer Keyes Director, Development and Hazard Policy Branch Page119 Ministry of Natural Resources Development and Hazard Policy Branch Policy Division 300 Water Street Peterborough, ON K9J 3C7 ME rIFI f 0114.7 Ministere des Richesses naturelles Direction de la politique d'exploitation des ressources et des risques naturels. Division de I'elaboration des politiques 300, rue Water Peterborough (Ontario) K9J 3C7 Ontario 0 Objet : Reintroduction de la Loi sur le stockage geologique du carbone Bonjour, Au cours des trois dernibres annees, le ministere des Richesses naturelles a adopte une approche mesuree et progressive pour autoriser ainsi que reglementer le stockage geologique du carbone en Ontario. Le stockage du carbone est une nouveaute dans la province et 1'elaboration d'un cadre complet pour reglementer cette activite permettrait de s'assurer qu'elle est menee de manibre responsable en mettant en place des mesures afin de proteger les personnes et 1'environnement. Le stockage geologique du carbone (egalement appele stockage du carbone) consiste a injecter le dioxyde de carbone (CO2) capture, dans des formations geologiques profondes en vue d'un stockage permanent. Cette technologie pourrait fournir aux industries de ('Ontario un outil essentiel qui permettrait de gerer leurs emissions et de contribuer a la realisation des objectifs de reduction des emissions de la province. Le 25 novembre 2024, la Loi de 2024 sur la gestion des ressources et la securite a ete presentee a I'Assemblee legislative de I'Ontario. Cette loi comprenait une proposition de Loi sur le stockage geologique du carbone. La dissolution de la legislature a eu lieu le 28 janvier 2025 et toutes les activites incompletes ont pris fin. Nous vous informons qu'aujourd'hui, le projet de loi a ete reintroduit a la legislature. L'ensemble des modifications proposees reste identique a ce qui a ete introduit en novembre 2024, a 1'exception d'un petit nombre de mises a four administratives destinees a apporter de la clarte. La proposition originale est accessible sur le Registre environnemental ou le Registre de la reglementation : https://ero.ontario.ca/fr/notice/019-9299. Si vous souhaitez obtenir plus de renseignements ou si vous avez des questions, veuillez communiquer avec Andrew Ogilvie, gestionnaire de la Section de 1'exploitation des richesses naturelles, au 705 761-5815 ou par courriel a Resources. Development(a).ontario.ca. Page120 Veuillez agreer mes sentiments les meilleurs. Jennifer Keyes Directrice, Direction de I'elaboration et des politiques relatives aux dangers Page121