HomeMy WebLinkAboutCLD-001-11Date: January 10, 2011 Resolution#: l.'Oo~9"~~ By-law#:
Report#: CLD-001-11 File#: P01.GE
Subject: PROPOSED FENCE CONSTRUCTION COST SHARE BY-LAW
RECOMMENDATIONS:
It is respectfully recommended that the General Purpose and Administration Committee
recommend to Council the following:
1. THAT Report CLD-001-11 be received; and
2. THAT the By-law to provide for the apportionment of costs of Division Fences attached
to Report CLD-001-11, as Attachment 1, be approved.
Submitted
Reviewed by:
J~ ~~
PLB/LC
Franklin Wu
Chief Administrative Officer
CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON
40 TEMPERANCE STREET, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO L1C 3A6 T 905-623-3379
REPORT NO.: CLD-001-11
PAGE 2
1. BACKGROUND
Among the many functions of the Municipal Law Enforcement Division is the
administration of the Line Fences Act (Act) as it applies to the division of costs for the
construction of fences between adjacent property owners. The Act allows for an
arbitration procedure where the two owners cannot agree on the apportionment of
costs or the nature of the fence. '
The Line Fences Act is one of the oldest pieces of Legislation in the Province. The Act
of the Province of Upper Canada, 1793, makes reference to the employment of Fence
Viewers to provide mediation between disputing farmers over the height, nature and
cost of fences to be constructed and maintained. In 1834 the first version of the Line
Fences Act was passed by the legislature of Upper Canada. Over time the Act has
changed little. Today it remains as a method of dispute resolution for all property
owners.
The current Act provides that a property owner may construct a fence to mark the
boundaries of his or her property. The Act requires the local municipality to appoint at
least 3 referees or "Fence Viewers" who will act as independent arbiters in fencing
disputes. The Fence Viewers are paid by the Municipality and those costs can be
billed back to the two property owners.
As municipalities have become more urban, staff have seen a shift in the application of
the Act from Agricultural to Residential properties. The overall number of Fence
Viewings has steadily declined from an annual average of 20 in the early 1990's to its
current rate. Since 2006 there have been eight Fence Viewings in the Municipality,
with three in 2006, none in 2007, one in 2008, two in 2009 and two in 2010.
Over the last ten years nine viewings have involved strictly residential properties and
one was a residential property that bordered Municipal land. Four of the Awards were
appealed to the Provincial Referee because one side or the other was unhappy with
the Fence Viewers' award.
CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON
40 TEMPERANCE STREET, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO L1C 3A6 T 905-623-3379
REPORT NO.: CLD-001-11
PAGE 3
Two of the Appeals were dismissed, one as not necessary and the other as not
applicable. In both cases the proposed fence work did not meet the requirements of
the Act.
In examining the cost share decision, four cases were decided on a 50-50 share basis.
One case, which did not conform to the even cost split, involved special requirements
on one property owner which did not apply to the other.
What is not covered in the cost recovery provisions of the Line Fences Act is staff time
required to prepare documentation and organize the Hearings. Each Fence Viewing
and Appeal requires staff time to prepare the documentation, schedule Fence Viewings
and Appeals, transcribe decisions and mail out the necessary paperwork. This
process can be costly and time consuming for both the property owners and the
Municipality.
2. ALTERNATIVES
Section 26 of the Act does allow a municipality to opt out of the requirements if the
local municipality passes a by-law to dictate terms of cost apportionment.
A local municipality may choose to pass a by-law setting out a cost sharing formula for
residents to use in resolving these matters among themselves. Staff believe that
passing such a by-law would relieve municipal workload while still protecting the rights
of private property owners to negotiate the costs of construction.
Staff have spoken to representatives from the Ministry of Municipal Affairs and
Housing. Province-wide there is an increasing trend to enact cost sharing by-laws for
residential properties. Locally, Staff are aware that Pickering, Ajax, Whitby, Oshawa,
Uxbridge and the City of Kawartha Lakes have abandoned the Fence Viewing process
in favour of a cost sharing by-law.
REPORT NO.: CLD-001-11
aera e
3. MAIN FEATURES OF THE PROPOSED BY-LAW
The intent of the By-law is to create a system that is fair to all citizens and not unduly
onerous in its application. The Line Fences Act establishes the principle that where a
property owner wishes to have a fence on the property line then there shall be a fence
constructed. The general application of the Act has been that unless there are
compelling reasons to the contrary, the costs should be split evenly between the two
owners.
The Act currently offers the ability for adjoining owners to enter into private agreements
to require fencing and many owners will avail themselves of that option when they
have been made aware of it. The imposition of this By-law mirrors that ability in the Act
and places the onus back where it belongs, on the involved property owners to resolve
their issues themselves.
The proposed By-law establishes that, where there is agreement between the two
owners, costs shall be shared 50/50 based on a written agreement. Where there is no
agreement then the dissenting owner shall be responsible for the cost of a 1.2 metre
high chain link fence constructed on the property line. If the originating owner wants to
upgrade from that point, then he will carry the additional incurred costs.
Ongoing maintenance of the fence is also split evenly between the adjoining owners
based on the expected costs of a 1.2 metre high chain link fence. As with construction,
repair costs for an upgraded fence which exceed the costs for a chain link fence would
be borne by the party who wanted the upgrade.
REPORT NO.: CLD-001-11
oenG ~
4. EXCEPTIONS TO THE BY-LAW
With certain exceptions listed below, the by-law will apply equally to all lands within the
Municipality. The cost share approach has been equally effective in largely urbanized
areas such as Ajax as well as more rural municipalities such as Kawartha Lakes. The
classifications of lands use zones do not affect the process.
As is the case with the Lrne Fences Act, the By-law will not apply to property abutting
Crown land or a road allowance. The By-law will still hold the Municipality jointly
accountable for properties bordering municipal parks and other open spaces. Rather
than forcing the adjoining owner to file for a Fence Viewing the property owner may
simply approach the Director of Operations to arrange for fencing and costs.
The By-law is not a means to have an adjoining neighbour pay for upgrades to an
existing Division Fence that is in a state of good repair. The owner requesting the
upgrade would have to show that there was a deficiency and a need for the upgrade.
Any fence construction within the Heritage Conservation District will be subject to all
requirements for obtaining a permit pursuant to Part V of the Ontario Heritage Act.
The By-law will not apply to any person who is under a legal requirement either by an
Act, Regulation, By-law or any other legislation to erect and maintain a Division Fence.
For example a property owner who is the subject of an "Order to Restrain" their dog
cannot use the provisions of this By-law to force the adjoining neighbours to pay for
upgrades to the existing fence as required in the terms of the Order.
Any disputes in the cost or cost recovery will have to be addressed through the civil
process and not through the Municipality. Currently the Act allows for the unpaid
amounts, once certified as outstanding by the fence viewers, to be added to the
Municipal Tax Roll as a lien. It does not have priority status and may sit for years
before it is paid:
REPORT NO.: CLD-001-11
PAGE fi
5. CONCLUSION
The proposed By-law will not be a dramatic departure from previous practice. Given
the limited number of requests in recent years staff do not believe the By-law will have
a major impact on the public.
It is respectfully recommended that the attached by-law be forwarded to Council for
passage.
Attachments:
Attachment 1 Proposed By-law
THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON
BY-LAW NUMBER
2011-
Being a by law to provide for the apportionment
of costs of Division Fences
WHEREAS The Municipal Act 2001 S O 2001 c 25 as amended allows a
municipality to pass by-laws with regard to structures including fences and signs;
AND WHEREAS the Line Fences ActRSO 1990 c L17exempts a Municipality
from the arbitration requirements of
NOW THEREFORE THE COUNCIL OF THE CORPORATION OF THE
MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON HEREBY ENACTS AS FOLLOWS:
1. SHORT TITLE
1.1 This by law may be cited as the Fence Cost Sharing By-law.
2. DEFINITIONS
2.1 In this by law
"Actual Cost" means the total cost of the construction of a Division Fence
and includes the cost of the material used and the value of the labour
performed to complete the work.
"Adjoining Owner" means the person who owns land adjacent to land of
an Owner.
"Basic Cost" means the cost of constructing a 1.2 metre (4 foot) high steel
chain link fence which:
i has a diamond mesh not greater than SOmm (2 inches),
ii is constructed of galvanized steel wire not less than 9 gauge or
steel wire covered with vinyl forming a total thickness equivalent to
9 gauge galvanized wire,
iii is supported by at least 48 mm (1.88 inch) diameter galvanized
steel posts encased in a minimum of 50mm (2 inches) of concrete
from grade to a minimum of 1 metre (39 inches) below grade such
posts to be spaced not more than 3 metres (10 feet) apart, and
iv top and bottom horizontal rails of 35mm (1.37 inches) minimum
galvanized steel except that a minimum 9 gauge galvanized steel
wire may be substituted for the bottom horizontal steel rail.
"Construct" means to build from new where there was no pre-existing
Division Fence.
"Cost" shall mean all related value for labour and materials involved in
the construction of a Division Fence.
"Division Fence" means a fence marking the boundary between adjoining
parcels of land not under common ownership.
"Municipality" means the Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington.
"Owner" means the owner of land who initiates procedures pursuant to the
by-law to install and apportion the costs of a Division Fence and includes
the person managing or receiving the rent for the land or premises
whether on his own account or as agent or trustee for the Owner.
"Reconstruct" means to replace an existing Division Fence that is not in a
good state of repair using the same materials and building to the style as
the existing Division Fence.
"Repair" means to restore an existing Division Fence to its original State
of Good Repair.
"State of Good Repair means for the purposes of this By law:
i the fence is complete and in a structurally sound condition, plumb
and securely anchored;
ii protected by weather resistant materials;
iii fence components are not broken rusted, rotten or in a hazardous
condition;
iv all stained or painted fences are maintained free of peeling, and
v that the fence does not present an unsightly appearance
deleterious to abutting land or to the neighbourhood.
"Ugrade" means to raise an existing Division Fence to a higher standard
of greater value or quality of materials, and
"Work" means to construct, repair or maintain a Division Fence and shall
include all costs for labour and material.
3. EXEMPTIONS
3.1 This by law does not apply to:
(a) any land that constitutes a public highway including land abutting a
public highway that is held as a reserve by the Municipality or other
public authority to separate land from the highway or to land that is
being held by the Municipality or other public authority as an
unopened road allowance or for future public highway purposes,
(b) an owner wishing to upgrade an existing Division Fence that is in a
state of good repair, and
(c) any person that is under a legal requirement either by an Act,
Regulation, By-law or any other legislation to erect and maintain a
Division Fence.
4. RIGHT TO CONSTRUCT, RECONSTRUCT OR REPAIR
4.1 An Owner of land may construct, reconstruct and repair a Division Fence.
5. WRITTEN AGREEMENT
5.1 Where the Adjoining Owner has agreed in writing to the construction,
reconstruction, repair or upgrade of a Division Fence each owner shall be
responsible for fifty percent of the actual cost of the work unless otherwise
provided for in the written agreement.
6. NO WRITTEN AGREEMENT
6.1 Where the adjoining owner has not agreed in writing to the construction,
reconstruction or repair of a Division Fence, the Owner desiring to
construct, reconstruct or repair a Division Fence shall serve or cause to be
served upon the Adjoining Owner by registered mail, a notice of his or her
intention to do so at least fourteen (14) days prior to the commencement
of any work or execution of any contract in relation to the work to be
undertaken. The fourteen (14) day notice period shall commence on the
date following the day the notice is mailed. This notice shall include the
following items:
(a) a date for beginning the work to be undertaken,
(b) a complete breakdown of the costs of the fence,
(c) any estimates received for the cost of the fence, and
(d) a request for payment calculated as set out in the by-law.
6.2 Where the Adjoining Owner has not agreed in writing to the construction of
a Division Fence, the cost for the work shall be paid as follows:
(a) the Adjoining Owner shall pay fifty percent of the Basic Cost or fifty
percent of the Actual Cost whichever is less, and
(b) the Owner shall pay the balance of the Actual Cost.
6.3 Where the Adjoining Owner has not agreed in writing to the reconstruction
or repair of a Division Fence each owner shall be responsible for
(a) fifty percent of the actual cost of the work, where both parties have
agreed to the height, style and cost of the existing fence; or
(b) fifty percent of the cost of repairing or reconstructing a Basic Fence,
where there has been no prior agreement for the construction of the
fence.
6.4 Where the Adjoining Owner has not agreed in writing to the upgrade of an
existing Division Fence but the owner is under a legal requirement to
upgrade the existing Division Fence then the existing Division Fence will
be upgraded and all costs shall be borne by the Owner.
GENERAL PROVISIONS
7.1 Unless otherwise agreed the cost for the work shall paid within 30 days of
completion of the work.
7.2 Where an Owner or Adjoining Owner is in default of his obligations
pursuant to this By-law a person desiring to enforce the provisions of this
By-law shall, within ninety days after completion of the work, serve or
cause to be served on the defaulting person, a notice by registered mail
requiring compliance with this By-law. The notice shall specify that if the
default is not rectified within 30 days after service of the notice, the person
enforcing this By-law may rectify the default and may take appropriate
proceedings under Part IX of the Provincial Offences Act to recover the
proportionate share of the cost of the work and additional costs of
rectifying the default from the defaulting person.
7.3 Any Division Fence constructed, reconstructed or repaired pursuant to the
provisions of this By-law shall comply with the provisions of the
Municipality's Fencing By-laws.
7.4 Except as provided in section 3.1 this By-law shall bind the Municipality.
7.5 Where an Owner wishes to construct, reconstructor repair a Division
Fence on property bordering Municipality owned lands, other than those
listed in section 3.1, the Director of Operations shall represent the
Municipality's interests in the matter.
8. HERITAGE CONSERVATION DISTRICT
S.1 Any Division Fence constructed, reconstructed or repaired within an area
designated as a Heritage Conservation District pursuant to Part V of the
Ontario Heritage Act is subject to all requirements of obtaining a permit
pursuant to such legislation.
9. VALIDITY
9.1 If a Court of competentjurisdiction should declare any section or part of a
section of this By-faw to be invalid such section or part of a section shall
not be construed as having persuaded or influenced Council to pass the
remainder of this By-law and it is hereby declared that the remainder of
the By law shall be valid and shall remain in force.
9.2 This By-law shall come into full force and effect upon the date of its
passage.
Read a first this day of 2011
Read a second time this day of 2011
Read a third time and passed this day of 2011
Adrian Foster, Mayor
Patti L. Barrie, Municipal Cled<