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Home My WebLink About98-155 THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON BY-LAW 498-155 Being a By-law to authorize a contract between the Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington and Cambridge Landscaping Inc. , Cambridge, Ontario for the Farewell Creek Bank Stabilization. THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON HEREBY ENACTS AS FOLLOWS: 1 . THAT the Mayor and Clerk are hereby authorized to execute on behalf of the Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington with the Corporation Seal, a Contract between Cambridge Landscaping Inc. Cambridge, Ontario and Said Corporation; and 2 . THAT this agreement attached hereto as Schedule "B" form part of this By-law.' By-law read a first and second time this 13th day of October 1998 By-law read a third time and finally passed this 13th day of October 1998 y MAYOR XX CLERK r rIS �a �� w M ,. ^a � ��w � .e k" � � .,•• ry"�'m��►J wh"aM��, v^tk°r'}'a•�Y�� .��t61 �+^ xrk�w"r;w WF *� � 5 4°"5• w w � e4 r��i. � ,r�M�`) v v�"ct C�e7"" y d *" w`' R � ..'.. ,� ,7,,i, ", tyy� r'•y �"£ x M " w i• '"4i,, a'J ^Wr -. ':. :n., .yw", + .`„ Rs-.�w:ti�"1 "#„.^ K a '"'"j MW Y'`M' ” i•,'1J` 'M„' Fy yy s k P r � • ,:w!' im� '�',, iw.^dry y, r "' :` "' j w r 4 4 SA 7Fx` ..y�twV » R��rw M M � „ �P^�^R'4 r�lM b 1'#''✓� ��C�ACP 4 N7�,,,�w_k �t4�r,4�+t. 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'^,l."� �,,"fit rr 411 �W.w a m''�;. y w, t,+ �'," �+ Y r wr w w "6' w Mk'" q'� �'� •. i �7 ,, i �'!,�r�•� ��,4rt �ewr �r5"�M� a�»1" .,i '�w '�,";ii~ '�*w��6,.:, ^�"w, �' ,, ^4�• �r.o a r'"4'N'#"R ,r• w� �A�� 'r�u v ,�4-"t agar �F '�,'C":x,p. wr d ^��,y�^ri�l6L""p,� J'^k d '."tt� 'd: w"` y,. •y,y5 'k• +ru"�'" ",y ,„ � ,'^ x' 5,,?• rol r Y a %p.• �^Y� M^a ",.,4,r° S + ��w»�T�YM "•^»�,#'""� ,�'�' t 1 �'. � ' '"': w„ w�� 'Yp ry' 'A'^�yT,,'r�'�' � rt �'_ y r ra+Q v.��y. '_ �� M^ILL":�... ,�� 'r': �^ r x � .1 �� nT.*ww"c'�"M.� � ._�_ � r.�ew w.�� ii" J � xt,� lt �i�+.�"A"u� ��e��e...k�,��r, _��45 ief�^M3a.�.4r M�,Jv 4�•i�S�N P.Y�, 1 1 1 1 CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON 1 CONSTRUCTION OF BANK STABILIZATION WORKS ALONG AN OUTFALL CHANNEL TO FAREWELL CREEK CONTRACT NO. CL98-17 1 1 AUGUST, 1998 1 1 1 1 1 1 G. M. SERNAS & ASSOCIATES LIMITED G.M.S. NO. 97064 1 1 AGREEMENT THIS AGREEMENT made in Quadruplicate this 14th day of October in the year Nineteen Hundred and Ninety-Eight by and between Cambridge Landscaping Inc., herein called the "Contractor" and the Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington, herein called the"Owner'. WITNESSETH: The Contractor and the Owner for the consideration hereafter indicated, undertake and agree as follows: ARTICLE 1: rThe following documents are to be read herewith and form part of this Agreement as My and completely to all intents and purposes as though all stipulations hereof had been embodied herein and are referred to herein as the"Contract Documents"; 1. _ Tender Form Pages FT-1 to FT-20 2. Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington Pages 1 to 8 Standard Terms and Conditions f3. Special Provisions—General Pages I to 20 4. Special Conditions (including referenced Pages SC-1 to SC-7 attachments) 5. Plans (issued separately) Drawing No's. EP-1 and XS-I 6. General Conditions, OPSS General Conditions of Contract (August 1990) 7. Standard Specifications 8. Standard Specifications for the Construction of Watermains and Sanitary Sewers (Revised Februrary 1998) 9. Standard Drawings ARTICLE 2: The Contractor undertakes and agrees: (a) To provide all materials, except as otherwise specified, and perform all work shown on the drawings and described in the Contract Documents entitled Contract No. CL.98-17 "Bank Stabilization Works Along an Outfall Channel to Farewell Creek" which were prepared by G.M. Sernas & Associates Limited, acting as and herein entitled,the"Engineer". -1- AGREEMENT(Cont'd) (b) To do and fulfill everything indicated by this Agreement and the Contract Documents. (c) To complete substantially all the work as specified in the Contract Documents and as shown on the Contract Drawings within two (2) weeks after official notification to commence work. ARTICLE 3: The Owner undertakes and agrees: a To y the Contractor n p tractor m current funds for the performance of the Contract, Twenty-Four Thousand Nine Hundred Fifty-Nine Dollars ($24,959.00) subject to additions and deductions as provided in the Contract Documents. (b) The Contractor shall be entitled to receive monthly payments at the rate of ninety percent (90%)of the value of the work actually done and material furnished and in place. The payments shall be based on the Engineer's estimate of the work done and shall not be construed as an acceptance by the Owners of the work so estimated. Final payment upon completion of the work shall be made in accordance with Clause 29 Payments of the Special Provisions— General. (c) If on account of climatic or other conditions reasonably beyond the Contractor's control, there are items of work that cannot readily be completed, the payment in full for the work which has been completed shall not be delayed on account thereof, but the Owners or Engineer may withhold sufficient and reasonable sum until the uncompleted work is finished. ARTICLE 4: The Contractor and the Owners for themselves, their successors, executors, administrators and assigns, hereby undertake and agree to the full performance of the covenants contained herein and in the Contract Documents, and that this Agreement with the Contract Documents constitute the Contract and the following is an exact enumeration of the Specifications and Drawings. 1. Tender Form Pages FT-1 to FT-20 2. Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington — Pages I to 8 Standard Terms and Conditions 3. Special Provisions—General Pages I to 20 4. Special Conditions(including referenced Pages SC-1 to SC-7 attachments) -2 REENIENT(Cont'd) 5. Plans(issued separately) Drawing No's. EP-1 and XS-1 6. General Conditions OPSS General Conditions of Contract(August 1990) 7 Standard Specifications 8. Standard Specifications for the Construction of Watermains and Sanitary Sewers (Revised Februrary 1998) 9. Standard Drawings A$TIGLE 5: If and whenever either party hereto desires to give notice to the other party or in connection with this Agreement or the General Conditions of the Contract, such notice will be effectively given if sent by registered mail: to the Contractor at: R.R. #1, Cambridge, Ontario N1R 5S2 to the Owner at 40 Temperance Street, Bowmanville, Ontario MC 3A6 to the Engineer at 110 Scotia Court, Unit 41, Whitby, Ontario, LIN 8Y7 and will be considered as having been so given at the time of the deposit thereof in the Post Office. -3- AGREEMENT(Cont d) IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties hereto have hereunto caused their Corporate Seals to be affixed duly attested by the hands of their proper signing officers authorized in that behalf. SIGNED, SEALED AND DELIVERED )CAMBRIDGE LANDSCAPING WC : in the presence of ) y�•� ` . - ` )Per: )THE CORPORATION OF TH,V,N MCIPALITY )OF CLARINGTON Mayor )Cl - _4_ PROJECT: TENDER FOR CONTRACT NO.CL98-17 BANK STABILIZATION WORKS ALONG AN OUTFALL CHANNEL TO FAREWELL CREEK AUTHORITY: CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON CONTRACT ADMINISTRATOR: G. M. SERNAS&ASSOCIATES LIMITED 110 SCOTIA COURT,UNIT 41 WHITBY,ONTARIO LIN 8Y7 TENDERER: CAMBRIDGE LANDSCAPING INC. NAME R.R.41,CAMBRIDGE,ONTARIO N1R 5S2 ADDRESS (INCLUDE POSTAL CODE) (519)622-1173 (PHONE),(519)740-7743 (FAX) TELEPHONE AND FAX NUMBERS NAME OF PERSON SIGNING POSITION OF PE SON SIGNING _ TENDERS RECEIVED BY: OFFICE OF THE CLERK CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON 40 TEMPERANCE STREET BOWMANVILLE,ONTARIO L1C 3A6 UNTIL 2:00 P.M. LOCAL TIME WEDNESDAY SEPTEMBER 9, 1998 CAMYD0CUMEt97064\FRMTENDR.XLS FT-1 r TENDER CONTRACT NO.CL98-17 ' To: The Mayor and Members of Council Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington Re: Contract No. CL98-17, Construction of Bank Stabilization Works Along An Outfall Channel to Farewell Creek Dear Mayor and Members of Council: The Contractor has carefully examined the Plans,Provisions, Specifications and Conditions described herein as part of the work to be done under this Contract. The Contractor understands and accepts the said Plan, Provisions,Specifications and Conditions,and,for prices set forth in this Tender,hereby offers to furnish all machinery,tools,apparatus and other means of construction,furnish all materials,except as otherwise specified in the Contract,and to complete the work in strict accordance with the said Plans,Provisions, Specifications and Conditions. The Contractor understands and accepts that the quantities shown are approximate only,and are subject to increase,decrease,or deletion entirely if found not to be required. Attached to this tender is a bid deposit in the amount specified in Clause 3 of the Instructions to Tenderers, made payable to the Authority. This cheque or bid bond shall constitute a deposit which shall be forfeited to the Authority if the successful Contractor fails to file with the Authority a 100%Performance Bond,and a 100%Labour and Material Payment Bond,satisfactory to the Authority within ten(10)calendar days from the date of receipt of Notice of Acceptance of the Tender. Notification of acceptance may be given and delivery of the form of Agreement made by prepaid post, addressed to the Contractor at the address contained in this Tender. FT-2 CONTRACT CL98-17 CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON CONSTRUCTION OF BANK STABILIZATION WORKS ALONG AN OUTFALL CHANNEL TO FAREWELL CREEK MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON(COURTICE) This Tender is submitted by: CAMBRIDGE LANDSCAPING INC. R.R. #1,CAMBRIDGE,ONTARIO N1R 5S2 WE,the undersigned Contractor,HEREBY DECLARE that no person,firm or corporation other than the one whose signature or the signature of whose proper officers and the seal is or are attached below,has any interest in this Tender. 1 WE FURTHER DECLARE that this Tender is made without any connection,knowledge,comparison of figures or arrangement with any other company,firm or person making a Tender for the same work and is in all respects fair and without collusion or fraud. WE FURTHER DECLARE that we have carefully examined the locality and site of the proposed works,the agreement and all documents of the Tender. WE hereby agree to provide all labour,materials,equipment and services,and to perform in a substantial and work-manlike manner all of the work required by and in strict accordance with the Contract documents for the prices indicated in the Form of Tender,subject to additions, deductions,adjustments and reductions as provided in the Contract. We further agree that the provisional item unit rates and schedule item rates indicated in the Form of Tender shall be used as a basis for computing the value of work performed,be it more than or less than the estimated quantities shown herein. FT-3 BANK STABILIZATION WORKS OUTFALL CHANNEL TO FAREWELL CREEK CONTRACT NO.CL98-17 SPEC. UNIT ITEM NO. DESCRIPTION UANTITY UNIT PRICE($) AMOUNT $ SECTION 1-BANK STABILIZATION WORKS 1.1 SC1511 Rock Check Dam 1 ea 955.03 955.03 1.2 SC/201/510 Tree and Stump Removal and Dispose Off Site 1 VS 1,704.21 1,704.21 1.3 SC/206/209 Earth Excavation 1 VS 6,705.94 6,705.94 510 1.4 SC Vegetated Gabion Wall 11 m 680.69 7,487.59 (Approx. 2m high as per detail on DWG EP-1) 1.5 SC Live Fascine(anchored With live stakes) 80 m 26.95 2,156.00 1.6 SC/501/570 Topsoil(50mm depth)and Hydroseed 150 m2 6.45 967.50 572 1.7 SC/572 Erosion Control Blanket 150 m2 3.31 496.50 ITOTAL FOR SECTION 1 520,472.77 NOTE: OPSS-ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION,OPSD=ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD DRAWING SC-SPECIAL CONDITIONS,(P)=PLAN QUANTITY,I/s=LUMP SUM,m3=CUBIC METRES,m2=SQUARE METRES, m=METRE,t=TONNE,ea=EACH, hr=HOUR,mon=PER MONTH,P/S=PROVISIONAL SUMMARY FT-4 i BANK STABILIZATION WORKS OUTFALL CHANNEL TO FAREWELL CREEK CONTRACT NO.CL98-17 SPEC. UNIT ' ITEM NO. DESCRIPTION QUANTITY UNIT PRICES AMOUNT $ SECTION 2-GENERAL ITEMS 2.1 SC Mobilization/Demobilization 1 Us 1,170.85 1,170.85 2.2 SC One Hundred Percent(100%)Performance and 1 Us 324.00 324.00 Guarantee Maintenance Bond;One Hundred Percent(100%)Labour and Material Payment Bond; and Liability Insurance TOTAL FOR SECTION 2 51,494.85 NOTE: OPSS=ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION,OPSD=ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD DRAWING SC=SPECIAL CONDITIONS,(P)=PLAN QUANTITY,1/s=LUMP SUM,m3=CUBIC METRES,m2=SQUARE METRES, m=METRE,t=TONNE,ea=EACH, hr=HOUR,men=PER MONTH,P/S=PROVISIONAL SUMMARY i FT-5 BANK STABILIZATION WORKS OUTFALL CHANNEL TO FAREWELL CREEK CONTRACT NO.CL98-17 SPEC. UNIT ITEM NO. DESCRIPTION UANTITY UNIT PRICE $ AMOUNT($) SECTION 3-CONTINGENCIES ' LABOUR RATES(ALL INCLUSIVE) 3.1 SC Foreman(including Pick-Up) 5 hr 50.91 254.55 3.2 SC Common Labour 5 hr 41.68 208.40 3.3 SC Skilled Labour 5 hr 41.68 208.40 3.4 SC Truck Driver 5 hr 47.88 239.40 3.5 SC Heavy Equipment Operato 5 hr 47.88 239.40 3.6 SC Carpenter 5 hr 41.68 208.40 ' TOTAL FOR SECTION 3 51,358.55 NOTE: OPSS-ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION,OPSD=ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD DRAWING SC=SPECIAL CONDITIONS,(P)=PLAN QUANTITY,I/s=LUMP SUM,m3=CUBIC METRES,m2=SQUARE METRES, m=METRE,t=TONNE,ea=EACH, hr=HOUR,mon=PER MONTH,P/S—PROVISIONAL SUMMARY FT-6 BANK STABILIZATION WORKS ' OUTFALL CHANNEL TO FAREWELL CREEK CONTRACT NO.CL98-17 SCHEDULE OF PRICES -SUMMARY SHEET In accordance with the first paragraph of this Tender,the Contractor hereby offers to complete ' the work specified for Contract No. CL98-17 for the following prices. ' DESCRIPTION TOTAL ' SECTION 1 -BANK STABILIZATION WORKS $ 20,472.77 SECTION 2-GENERAL ITEMS $ 1,494.85 SECTION 3 - CONTINGENCIES $ 1,358.55 ' SUB-TOTAL(BEFORE G.S.T.) $ 23,326.17 1 7%G.S.T. ON SUB-TOTAL 1,632.83 TOTAL BID FOR CONTRACT CL98-17 $ 24,959.00 TOTAL IN WORDS: TWENTY-FOUR THOUSAND NINE HUNDRED ' FIFTY-NINE DOLLARS ` Contractor's G.S.T.Registration Number: R100740323 FT-7 MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON ' FORM OF TENDER CONTRACT NO. CL98-17 ' STATEMENT'A' **CONTRACTOR'S EXPERIENCE FOR WHOM YEAR DESCRIPTION OF CONTRACT WORK PERFORMED VALUE S 1997 - REHABILITATION OF LOYALIST CITY OF MISSISSAUGA 289,472.00 CREEK,PHASE 2 ROBERT LEVESQUE (CONTACT PERSON) (905) 896-5144 (TELEPHONE NO.) 1996 SAWMILL CREEK CHANNEL CITY OF MISSISSAUGA 324,483.00 STABILIZATION WORKS ENZIO SAVINI (CONTACT PERSON) (905) 896-5894 (TELEPHONE NO.) 1996 MILL CREEK SOPER PARK CITY OF CAMBRIDGE 278 555.00 JEFF BRAY (CONTACT PERSON) (519)740-4564 (TELEPHONE NO.) **NOTE:All Bidders must complete Statement'A'-CONTRACTOR'S EXPERIENCE FT-8 ' MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON FORM OF TENDER CONTRACT NO.CL98-17 STATEMENT'B' ' CONTRACTOR'S SENIOR SUPERVISORY STAFF ' NAME APPOINTMENT QUALIFICATION&EXPERIENCE ANGELO CAMARA -PRESIDENT, 25 YEARS ' PROJ. MANAGER JOHN VERHOEVEN -PROJECT/SAFETY 20 YEARS COORDINATOR ' CARLOS SOARES -FOREMAN 13 YEARS ARNALDO MAGALHAES -FOREMAN 6 YEARS ' STATEMENT'C' CONTRACTOR'S LIST OF PROPOSED SUB-CONTRACTORS NAME ADDRESS/PHONE NO. TRADE OWN FORCES i 1 i FT-9 519 653 6937 36-7,1 -99 11 :59 MIKE SHEARDOWN ID-519 653 6937 P.03 AGREEMENT-TO BOND(to be completed by Bonding-Company) CONTRACT NO.CL98-17 Bflh -90':?:38_I;�°68.;6&3''. ' WE,the undersigned,HEREBY AGREE to become bound'As surety for CAMBRIDGE LANDSCAPING INC. . ini.a Piaormanee Bond-totaning-On REIS p R61TiT(100°/0)•0"f iht* Totnl Tender'amount,and a ' owl ' amount and conforming to the Instruments of Contract attached for the full and due performance of the works shown or described herein,it the Tender for Contract No. CL.98-17 is accepted by the Authority. - ':ZfS`ACd1ITIiit4�r }itt if floc abo3hi:ii tit ioixad'Feder ii aeceptrt�,' ... ,.: l�Catioq. or a f'erfarmal�co Hond. rni.a l..ttbotu:at►d Muerial Paymeai Bond-a t be made.to the ::;:•. . . •::'-.. , . . . .:� :' : . ' . is• �.' . Undersigned within TEN(10)DAYS of Notice of Contract A%vnrd,otherwise the Agrem* cnt shall be null 1 ; ' ►? ' TOP01`tTa• T1tir 'NTH' MAY�� : �SEPTEM)3ER WESTERN SURETY COMPANY Signing&r Bonding Company ' PETER D.R. SMITH ' ATTORNEY-IN-FACT 4BQNPvgfr COMPANY SEAL) _ :.;. �. ' •_..i�:":?'''-:�::'�"�'Jds£so�lhbi �:��#��•�'t�.Ta'tt+�out'• [tfhd�:i��'.•::-•:::':'t:r;.;.,•:=r•,..::. . - . . FT41 CONTRACTOR SAFETY ' POLICY AND PROCEDURE ' POLICY: Contractors and Sub-contractors are responsible to ensure that their personnel are updated on all safety concerns of the workplace and are aware of the safety requirements as required by the Contractor under the Occupational Health and Safety Act. Safety performance will be a consideration in the awarding of contract. ' Under the Occupational Health and Safety Act (Section 23 (1), (2)), it is the constructor's responsibility to ensure that: ' . the measures and procedures prescribed by the Occupational Health and Safety Act and the Regulations are carried out on the rp olECt; ' every employer and every worker performing work on the rp oiect complies with the Occupational Health and Safety Act and the Regulations (under the Act); and a d the health a • n safety of workers on the rp oiect is protected. ' Where so prescribed, a constructor shall, before commencing any work on a project, give to a Director notice in writing of the project containing such information as may be prescribed. DEFINITIONS: Contractor- any individual or firm engaged by the Municipality to do work on behalf of the Municipality. ' Project- means a construction project, whether public or private, including, the construction of a building, bridge, structure, industrial establishment, mining plant, shaft tunnel, caisson, trench, excavation, highway, railway, street, runway, parking lot, cofferdam, conduit, sewer, watermain, service ' connection, telegraph, telephone or electrical cable, pipe line, duct or well, or any combination thereof, ' the moving of a building or structure, and • any work or undertaking, or any lands or appurtenances used in connection with construction. ' FT-11 ' CONTRACTOR SAFETY POLICY AND PROCEDURE Continued... Construction- includes erection, alteration, repair, dismantling, demolition, structural maintenance, painting, land clearing, earth moving, grading, excavating, trenching, digging, boring, drilling, blasting, or concreting, the installation of any machinery or ' plant, and any work or undertaking in connection with a project. Constructor- means a person who undertakes a project for an owner and includes an owner who undertakes all or part of a project by himself or by more than one employer. ' Project Manager - means the municipal management representative who has responsibility for a contract. PROCEDURE. The following items are required before any Contractors are hired by the Municipality. a) Before beginning a project, the project manager or delegate must determine whether any designated substances/hazardous materials are (or will be) present at the site and prepare a list of all these substances. b) The project manager or delegate must include, as part of the request for tender/quotations, a copy of the above mentioned list. The list of designated ' substances/hazardous materials must be provided to all prospective constructors and/or contractors. ' c) The request for tender/quotations will require prospective contractors to include a list of the designated substances/hazardous materials that will be ' brought onto the work site and material safety data sheets. d) Before awarding a contract, contractor(s) will be required to complete and sign the Health and Safety Practice Form (Schedule "A"). The Purchasing Office will maintain all contractors safety performance records. FT-12 ' CONTRACTOR SAFETY POLICY AND PROCEDURE Continued... ' e) As part of the tender/quotation conditions, before award of a contract, the contractor will be required to provide proof that all workers involved with the project have the proper WHMIS training, as required by the Occupational Health and Safety Act. f) As part of the tender/quotation conditions, before award of a contract, the ' contractor must provide details of their Health and Safety program. g) The project manager or delegate must provide the successful contractor with ' a workplace orientation which will include, but not limited to identifying known potential hazards, hazardous material inventory and material safety data sheets for the sites. A workplace orientation/Job Safety Instruction Checklist ' to be completed (see Compliance page 9). ' h) Before the start of the assignment, the following documentation will be provided to the successful contractor, by the project manager or delegate. i) Copies of the Municipal Corporate Health and Safety Program ' ii) Departmental health and safety policies iii) Workplace procedures regarding health and safety practices. ' i) The contractor has the responsibility to provide any and all prescribed personal protective equipment for their own workers, to include as a minimum but not limited to hard hats and safety boots. If a worker(s) fails to comply with any program, policy, rule or request regarding health and safety, that person(s) is not allowed on the site until the person(s) complies. j) The Municipality will retain the right to document contractors for all health and safety warnings and/or to stop any contractors' work if any of the previously ' mentioned items are not in compliance. Similarly, the Municipality will have the right to issue warnings and/or to stop work if there are any violations by the contractor of the Occupational Health and Safety Act, Municipal Health and Safety programs, policies, rules, and/or if the contractor creates an unacceptable health and safety hazard. Written warnings and/or stop work orders can be given to contractors using Contractor Health and Safety Warning/Stop Work Order From (Schedule "B"). FT-13 ' CONTRACTOR SAFETY ' POLICY AND PROCEDURE Continued... ' k) Where applicable, the Municipality will retain the right to allow municipal employees to refuse to work in accordance with the established policy and ' the Occupational Health and Safety Act, in any unsafe conditions. 1) The Purchasing Department will maintain current certificates of clearance until all monies owing have been paid to the contractor. m) Responsibility for ensuring contractor compliance to this policy falls upon the ' project manager or designate. This will include identification, evaluation and control practices and procedures for hazards and follow-up and issuing of Contractor Health and Safety Warning/Stop Work Orders. FT-14 CONTRACTOR SAFETY POLICY AND PROCEDURE Continued... HEALTH AND SAFETY PRACTICE FORM To Contractor(s): The Municipality of Clarington is committed to a healthy and safe working environment for all workers. To ensure the Municipal workplace is a healthy and safe working environment, _ contractors, constructors and subcontractors must have knowledge of and operate in compliance with the Occupational Health and Safety Act and any other legislation pertaining to employee health and safety. In order to evaluate your company's health and safety experience, please provide the accide ntrncident and/or Workplace Safety & Insurance (WS&IB) information noted below, where applicable. 11 • The New Experimental Experience Rating (NEER) -The WS&IB experience rating system for non-construction rate groups ..........................13.0............. ..................................... The Council Amended Draft#7(CAD-7) Rating -The WS&IB experience rating system for construction rate groups ............... ...........$�.�...................................................... • Injury frequency performance for the last two years -This may be available from the contractor's trade association ............................................................................................. • Has the contractor received any Ministry of Labour warnings or orders in the last two years? (if the answer is yes, Wse include the infraction). CO • Confirmation of Independent Operator Status -The WS&IB independent operator number assigned: (Bidders to include the letter confirming this status and number from WS&IB with their bid submission.) FT-15 CONTRACTOR SAFETY POLICY AND PROCEDURE Continued... CONTRACTOR'S STATEMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY As a contractor working for the Municipality of Clarington, I/we will comply with all procedures and requirements of the Occupational Health and Safety Act, Municipal safety policies, department and site specific policies and procedures and other applicable legislation or regulations. I/we will work safely with skill and care so as to prevent an accidental injury to ourselves, fellow employees and members of the public. 1. The contractor/successful tenderer certifies that it, its employees, its subcontractors and their employees, a) are aware of their respective duties and obligations under the Occupational Health and Safety Act, as amended from time to time, and all Regulations thereunder(the"Act'); and b) have sufficient knowledge and training to perform all matters required pursuant to this contract/tender safely and in compliance with the Act. 2. In the'performance of all matters required pursuant to this contract/tender, the contractor/successful tenderer shall, a) act safely and comply in all respects to the Act, and b) ensure that its employees, it subcontractors and their employees act safely and complying all respects with the Act. 3. The contractor/successful tenderer shall rectify any unsafe act or practice and any non-compliance with the Act at its expense immediately upon being notified by any person of the existence of such act, practice or non- compliance. 4. The contractor/successful tenderer shall permit representatives of the Municipality and the Health and Safety Committee on site at any time or times for the purpose of inspection to determine compliance with this contractor/tender. i FT-16 J`- 1 r Y CONTRACTOR'SAFETY _ POLICY AND PROCEDURE Continued... - 5. No act or omission by any representative of the Municipality shall be deemed to be an an of the assumption of p y .duties or obligations of the contractor/successful tenderer or any of its subcontractors under the Act. 6. The contractodsuccessful tenderer shall indemnify and save harmless the Municipality, a) from any loss, inconvenience, damage or cost to the Municipality which may result from the contractor/successful tenderer or any of its employees, its subcontractors or their employees failing to act safely or to comply in all respects with the Act in the performance of any matters required pursuant to this contract/tender; b) against any action or claim, and costs related thereto, brought against the Municipality by any person arising out of any unsafe act or practice or any non-compliance with the Act by the contractWsuccessful tenderer or any of its employees, its subcontractors or their employees in the performance of any matter required pursuant to this contract/tender; and c) from any and all charges, fines, penalties, and costs that may be incurred or paid by the Municipality (or any of its council members or employers) shall be made a party to any charge under the Act in relation to any violation of the Act arising out of this contract/tender. .!-q?�$.CaVA . ............................................... Contractor Name of Person Signing for Contractor Signature of Contractor Date CONTRACTOR SAFETY POLICY AND PROCEDURE U E Continued... Schedule"B" N CT GO TRA OR HEALTH AND SAFETY WARNIN ISTOP WORK ORDER The purpose of this form is to: (Issuer to check one of the following) Provide warning to the contractor to immediately discontinue the unsafe work practice described below ❑ Direct the contractor to immediately cease all work being performed under this contract due to the unsafe work practice described below. FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THIS WARNING/STOP WORK ORDER SHALL CONSTITUTE A BREACH OF CONTRACT PART "X - DETAILS OF CONTRACT CONTRACT/P.O. # DESCRIPTION: NAME OF FIRM: 1 FT-18 PART "B" - DETAILS OF INFRACTION TO BE COMPLETED BY ISSUER DATE & TIME OF INFRACTION: DESCRIPTION OF INFRACTION INCLUDING LOCATION: ORDER GIVEN BY MUNICIPALITY: DID THE CONTRACTOR COMPLY WITH THIS ORDER? DATE & TIME OF COMPLIANCE: ISSUED TO: CONTRACTOR'S EMPLOYEE TITLE ISSUED BY: MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEE DEPARTMENT TITLE PART "C" -ADDITIONAL COMMENTS THIS SECTION IS TO BE USED INTERNALLY TO RECORD ADDITIONAL COMMENTS SUBSEQUENT TO ISSUING THE WARNING/STOP WORK ORDER, I.E. DATE AND TIME WORK RESUMED, FURTHER ACTION TAKEN, ETC. FT-19 SCHEDULE OF TENDER DATA CONTRACT NO. CL.98-17 The works specified in the Tender shall be performed in strict p p accordance with the following Schedule: PAGE NO. A. TENDER FORM: GENERAL Pages FT-1 to FT-3 ITEMIZED BID Pages FT-4 to FT-7 CONTRACTOR'S EXPERIENCE-STATEMENT'A' Page FT-8 CONTRACTOR'S SENIOR SUPERVISORY STAFF- STATEMENT'B' Page FT-9 CONTRACTOR'S LIST OF PROPOSED SUB-CONTRACTORS - STATEMENT'C' Page FT-9 AGREEMENT TO BOND Page FT-10 CONTRACTOR SAFETY-POLICY AND PROCEDURE Pages FT-11 to FT-19 SCHEDULE OF TENDER DATA Page FT-20 B. PLANS EP-1 EROSION DRAWING XS-1 CROSS SECTIONS C. THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON Pages 1 to 8 STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS D. SPECIAL PROVISIONS -GENERAL Pages 1 to 20 E. SPECIAL CONDITIONS -INCLUDING REFERENCED ATTACHMENTS Pages SC-I to SC-7 F. STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS: It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to obtain current editions of the Ontario Provincial Standard Specifications listed in the Tender Items and the Region of Durham's specifications Schedules'C'and'D'revised February, 1998. OPSS No. Date OPSS No. Date OPSS No. Date OPSS No. Date 127 Current 206 Dec. 93 510 Oct. 93 572 Aug. 90 128 Current 209 Mar. 98 511 Feb. 90 201 Feb. 96 501 Feb. 96 570 Aug. 90 G. GENERAL CONDITIONS : OPSS General Conditions of Contract Au ust 1990 ( g ) The Contractor,by this Tender,offers to complete the work in strict accordance with the terms contained herein. By my/our signature hereunder,I/we hereby identify this as the Schedule of Tender Dada, Plans d Specifications,for Contract'No. CL98-17,executed by me/us bearing date the j day of� 1998. SIGNATURE +✓� � POSITION v �, y �`/ (COMPANY SEAL) NAME OF FIRM Z44� rQXeIXAe JAC This is page FT-20 of FT-20 pages to be submitted as the Submission for Contract CL98-17. FT-20 r r r r rCORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON CONTRACT NO. CL98-17 r r • r STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS r r r r r r r r r THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS 1. DEFINITIONS Municipality-The Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington, its successors and assigns. Bidder-The person,firm or corporation submitting a bid to the Municipality. ' Company - The person, contractor, firm or corporation to whom the Municipality has awarded the contract,it successors and assigns. Contract The purchase order authorizing the company to perform the work, purchase order alterations, the document and addenda,the bid,and surety. Subcontractor-A person,firm or corporation having a contract with the company for,or any part of,the work. Document-The document(s)issued by the Municipality in response to which bids are invited to perform the work in accordance with the specifications contained in the document. Did-An offer by a Bidder in response to the document issued by the Municipality. ' Work-All labour, materials,products, articles, fixtures, services, supplies, and acts required to be done, furnished or performed by the company,which are subject to the Contract. 2. SUBMISSION OF BID Bid invitation shall be in accordance with the Municipality of Clarington Purchasing By-law#94-129 and will apply for the calling, receiving, and opening of bids. The Municipality will be responsible for evaluating bids,awarding and administering the contract in accordance with the Purchasing By-law. The bid must be submitted on the fornn(s) and in the envelope supplied by the Municipality unless otherwise provided herein. The envelope must not be covered by any outside wrappings, i.e. courier envelopes or other coverings. The bid must be signed by a designated signing officer of the Bidder. If a joint bid is submitted, it must be signed on behalf of each of the Bidders. The bid must be legible, written in ink, or typewritten. Any form of erasure, strikeout or over-writing must be initialled by the Bidder's authorized signing officer. The bid must not be restricted by a covering letter, a statement added, or by alterations to the document unless otherwise provided herein. Failure to return the document or invitation may result in the removal of the Bidder from the Municipality's bidder's list. A bid received after the closing date and time will not be considered and will be returned,unopened. Should a dispute arise from the terms and conditions of any part of the contract, regarding meaning, intent or ambiguity,the decision of the Municipality shall be final. THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS 3. CONTRACT The contract consists of the documents aforementioned. The contract and portions thereof take precedence in the order in which they are named above, notwithstanding the chronological order in which they are issued or executed. The intent of the contract is that the Company shall supply work which is fit and suitable for the Municipality's intended use and complete for a particular purpose. None of the conditions contained in the Bidder's standard or general conditions of sale shall be of any effect unless explicitly agreed to by the Municipality and specifically referred to in the purchase order. 4. CLARIFICATION OF THE DOCUME NT Any clarification of the document required by the Bidder prior to submission of its bid shall be requested' through the Municipality's contact identified in the document. Any such clarification so given shall not in any way alter the document and in no case shall oral arrangements be considered. Every notice,advice or other communication pertaining thereto will be in the forth of a written addendum. No officer,agent or employee of the Municipality is authorized to alter orally any portion of the document. S. PROOF OF ABILITY The bidder may be required to show, in terms of experience and facilities,evidence of its ability,as well as i that of any proposed subcontractor,to perform the work.by the specified delivery date. 6. P&IVE RY Unless otherwise stated, the work specified in the bid snail be delivered or completely perlUmied by the Company as soon as possible and in any event within the period set out herein as the guaranteed period of delivery or completion after receipt of a purchase order therefor. A detailed delivery ticket or piece tally, showing the exact quantity of goods, materials, articles or equipment, shall accompany each delivery thereof. Receiving by a foreperson,storekeeper or otlsuch receiver shall not bind the Municipality to accept rile work covered thereby, or the particulars of fire delivery ticket or piece tally therefor. Work shall be subject to further inspection and approval by the Municipality. The Company shall be responsible for arranging the work so that completion shall be as specified in the contract. Time shall be of the essence of the contract. �. THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON STANDARD TERMS AND CONDI'T'IONS 7. PRICING Prices shall be in Canadian Funds,quoted separately for each item stipulated,F.O.B. destination. Prices shall be firm for the duration of the contract. Prices bid must include all incidental costs and the Company shall be deemed to be satisfied as to the full requirements of the bid. No claims for extra work will be entertained and any additional work must be authorized in writing prior to commencement. Should the Company require more information or clarification on any point, it must be obtained prior to the submission of the bid. Payment shall be full compensation for all costs related to the work including operating and overhead P g pe g costs to provide work to the satisfaction of the Municipality. All prices quoted shall include applicable customs duty, excise tax, freight, insurance, and all other charges of every kind attributable to the work. Goods and Services Tax and Provincial Sales Tax shall be ' extra and not shown,unless otherwise specified herein. If the Bidder intends to manufacture or fabricate any part of the work outside of Canada, it shall arrange its slipping procedures so that its agent or representative in Canada is the importer of record for customs ' purposes. Should any additional tax, duty or any variation in any tax or duty be imposed by the Government of Canada or the Province of Ontario become directly applicable to work specified in this document subsequent to its submission by the Bidder and before the delivery of the work covered thereby pursuant to a purchase order issued by the Municipality appropriate increase or decrease in the price of work shall be made to compensate for such changes as of the effective date thereof. S. TERMS OF PAYMENT Where required by the Construction Lien Act appropriate monies may be held back until 60 days after the completion of the work. Payments made hereunder, including final payment shall not relieve the company from its obligations or liabilities under the contract. ■ Acceptance by the company of the final payment shall constitute a waiver of claims by the company ■ against the Municipality,except those previously made in writing in accordance with the contract and still unsettled. The Municipality shall have the right to withhold from any sum otherwise payable to the company such amount as may be sufficient to remedy any defect or deficiency in the work,pending correction of it. Payment may be made 30 days after delivery pursuant to the Bidder submitting an invoice, contract requirements being completed and work being deemed satisfactory. -3- THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS ' 9. PATENTS AND COPYRIGHTS The company shall, at its expense, defend all ctainis, actions or proceedings against the Municipality based on any allegations that the work or any part of the work constitutes an infringement of any patent, copyright or other proprietary right, and shall pay to the Municipality all costs, damages, charges and expenses, including its lawyers'fees on a solicitor and his own client basis occasioned to the Municipality by treason thereof The company shall pay all royalties and patent license fees required for the work. If the work or any part thereof is in any action or proceeding held to constitute an infringement, the i company shall forthwith either secure for the Municipality the right to continue using the work or shall at the company's expense, replace the infringing work with non-infringing work or modify it so that the work no longer infringes. , 10. &TERNATES Any opinion with regard to the use of a proposed alternate determined by the Municipality shall be final. Any bid proposing an alternate will not be considered unless otherwise specified herein. 11. EQUIVALENCY Any opinion determined by the Municipality with respect to equivalency shall be final. 12. ASSIGNMENT AND SUBCONTRACTING The company shall not assign or subcontract the contract or any portion thereof without the prior written consent of the Municipality. 13. FINANCING INFORMATION itFOjMD OF THE COMPANY The Municipality is entitled to request of the Company to furnish reasonable evidence,that uncial' arrangements have been made to fulfill the Municipality's obligations under the Contract. 14. LAWS AND REGULATIQNS The company shall comply with relevant Federal. Provincial and Municipal statutes, regulations and la- laws pertaining to the work and its performance. The company shall be responsible for em kiring:similar compliance by suppliers and subcontractors. The contract shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the Province of Ontario. -4- TIE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS 15. CORRECTIQN OF DEFECTS If at any time prior to one year after the actual delivery date or completion of the work (or specified warranty/guarantee period if longer than one year) any part of the work becomes defective or is deficient or fails due to defect in design, material or workmanship, or otherwise fails to meet the requirements of the contract, the company,upon request, shall make good every such defect, deficiency or failure without cost to the Municipality. The company shall pay all transportation costs for work both ways between the company's factory or repair depot and the point of use. 16. BID ACCEPTANCE The Municipality reserves the right to award by i(em, or part thereof, groups of items,or parts thereof, or ' all items of the bids and to award contracts to one or more bidders submitting identical bids as to price;to accept or reject any bids in whole or in part; to waive irregularities and omissions, if in so doing, the best interests of the Municipality will be served. No liability shall accrue to the Municipality for its decision in ' this regard. Bids shall be irrevocable for 90 days after the official closing time. ' The placing in the mail or delivery to the Bidder's shown address given in the bid of a notice of award to a bidder by the Municipality shall constitute notice of acceptance of contract by the Municipality to the extent described in the notice of award. 17. DEFAULT BY COMPANY a. If the company: commits any act of bankruptcy: or if a receiver is appointed on account of its insolvency or in respect of any of its property: or if the company makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; then, in any such case, the Municipality may, without notice: terminate the contract. b. If the company:fails to comply with any request. instruction or order of the Municipality;or fails to pay its accounts; or fails to comply with or persistently disregard statutes, regulations, by-laws or directives of relevant authorities relating to the work; or fails to prosecute the work with skill and diligence; or assigns or sublets the contract or any portion thereof without the Municipality's prior written consent; or refuses to correct defective work,or is otherwise in default in carrying ' out its part of any of the terms,conditions and obligations of the contract,then,in any such case, the Municipality may,upon expiration of ten days from the date of written notice to the company, terminate the contract. C. Any termination of the contract by the Municipality, as aforesaid, shall be without prejudice to any other rights or remedies the Municipality may have and without incurring any liability whatsoever in respect thereto. d. If the Municipality terminates the contract,it is entitled to; i) take possession of all work in progress, materials and construction equipment then at the project site (at no additional charge for the retention or use of the construction equipment), and finish the work by ,whatever means the Municipality may deem appropriate under the circumstances: ii) withhold any further payments to the company until the completion of the work and the expiry of all obligations under the Correction of Defects section; THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS , iii) recover from the company loss, damage and expense incurred by the Murdeipality by reason of the company's default (which may be deducted from any monies due or becoming due to the company, any balance to be paid by the company to the Municipality). 18. CONTRACT CANCELLATION The Municipality shall have the right, which may be exercised from time to time, to cancel any uncompleted or unperformed portion of the work or part thereof. In the event of such c ancellatioa, the Municipality and the Company may negotiate a settlement. The Municipality shall not be liable to the Company for loss of anticipated profit on the cancelled portion or portions of the work. 19. Unless otherwise specified herein,quantities are shown as approximate,are not guaranteed,to be accurate, are furnished without any liability on behalf of the Municipality and shall be used as a basis for comparison only. Payment will be by the unit complete at the bid price on actual quantities deemed accepable by the Municipality. 20. SAMPLES ' Upon request, samples must be submitted strictly in accordance with instructions. If samples are requested subsequent to opening of bids, they shall be delivered within three (3)working days Wowing such request, unless additional time is granted. Samples must be submitted free of chats and will be returned at the bidder's expense, upon request, provided they have not been destroyed by tests, or are not required for comparison purposes. The acceptance of samples by the Municipality shall be at its sole discretion and any such acceptance shall in no way be construed to imply relief of the company from its obligations under the contract. ' Samples submitted must be accompanied by current Material Safety Data Sleets ( DS)'where applicable. 21. S RET ' The swirl tenderer shall,if the Municipality in its absolute discretion so desires,be uired to;sati , �h �Y surety requirements by providing a deposit in the form of a certified cheque,bank draft or money order or other form of surety, in an amount determined by the Municipality. This surety maybe Mid by the , Municipality until 60 days after the day on which all work covered by the contract has been, lamed and accepted. The surety may be returned before the 60 days have elapsed providing satisfactory evidence is provided that all liabilities incurred by the company in carrying out the work have,expitvd or leave been satisfied and that a Certificate of Clearance from the Workplace Safety & Insurance Board-hu s been received The company shall, if the Municipality in its absolute discretion so desires, be required to satisfy fidelity , bonding requirements by providing such bonding in ananiount and form determined by the Municipality. THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON ' STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS Failure to furnish required surety within two weeks from date of request thereof by the Municipality shall make the award of the Contract by the Municipality subject to withdrawal. ' 22. WORKPLACE SAFETY&INSURANCE ' All of the Company's personnel must be covered by Workplace Safety& Insurance. Upon request by the Municipality,an original Letter of Good Standing from the Workplace Safety&Insurance Board shall be provided prior to the commencement of work indicating all payments by the Company to the Board have ' been made. Prior to final payment, a Certificate of Clearance must be issued indicating all payments by the Company to the Board in conjunction with the subject Contract have been made and that the Municipality will not be liable to the Board for future payments in connection with the company's fulfilment of the contract. Further Certificates of Clearance or other types of certificates shall be provided upon request. ' 23. INSURANCE The company shall maintain and pay for Comprehensive General Liability insurance including premises and all operations. This insurance coverage shall be subject to limits of not less than $2,000,000.00 ' inclusive per occurrence for third party Bodily Injury and Property Damage or such other coverage or amount as may be requested. The policy shall include the Municipality as an additional named insured in respect of all operations performed by or on behalf of the Company. A certified copy of such policy or certificate shall be provided to the respective participant prior to commencement of the work. Further certified copies shall be provided upon request. 24. LIABILITY The company agrees to defend,fully indemnify and save harmless the Municipality from all actions,suits, claims,demands, losses, costs,charges and expenses whatsoever for all damage or injury including death to any person and all damage to any property which may arise directly oreindirectly by reason of a requirement of the contract, save and except for damage caused by the negligence of the Municipality or its employees. The Company agrees to defend, fully indemnifv and save harmless the group from any and all charges, fines,penalties and costs that may be incurred or paid by the Municipality if the Municipality or any of its employees shall be made party to any charge under the Occupational Health and Safety Act in relation to any violation of the Act arising out of this contract. ' 25. VISITING THE SITE The Company shall carefully examine the site and existing building and services affecting the proper ' execution of the work, and obtain a clear and comprehensive knowledge of the existing conditions. No claim for extra payment will be allowed for work or difficulties encountered due to conditions of the site which were visible or reasonably inferable, prior to the date of submission of Tenders. Bidders shall ' accept sole responsibility for any error or neglect on their part in this respect. `7 THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS , 26. SAFETY The Company shall obey all Federal, Provincial and Municipal Laws, Act, Ordinances„ Regulations, Orders-in-Council and By-laws,which could in any way pertain to the work outlined in the Contract or to the Employees of the Company. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company shall satisfy all statutory requirements imposed by the Occupational Health and Safety Act and Regulations made thereunder, on a contractor, a Constructor and/or Employer with respect to or arising out of the ' performance of the Company's obligations under this Contract. The Company shall be aware of and conform to all governing regulations including those established by the Municipality relating to employee health and safety. The Company shall keep employees and subcontractors informed of such regulations. The Company shall provide Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) to the Municipality for any supplied , Hazardous Materials. 27. UNP&P ACCO NTS , The company shall indemnify the Municipality from all claims arising out of unpaid:accounts relating to the work. The Municipality shall have the right at any time to require satisfactory evidence that the work ' in respect of which any payment has been made or is to be made by the Municipality is free and clear of liens,attachments,claims,demands,charges or other encumbrances. 28. SUSPENSION OF WORK The Municipality may,without invalidating the contract, suspend performance by the company from time , to time of any part or all of the work for such reasonable period of time as the Municipality may determine. The resum lion and completion of work after the suspension shall be v P P pe governed by the schedule established by the Municipality. Y 29. CHANGES IN THE WORK The Municipality may, without invalidating the contract, direct the Company to make changes to the i work. When a change causes an increase or decrease in the work, the contract price shall be i4cmased or decreased by the application of unit prices to the quantum of such increase or decrease,or in the absence of applicable unit prices, by an amount to be agreed upon between the Municipality and the Company. , All such changes shall be in writing and approved by the Municipality. 30. CONFLICT OF INTEREST No employee or member of Council of the Municipality shall sell goods or services to the Municipality or have a direct or indirect interest in a Company or own a Company which sells goods or services to the , Municipality. -8- ' CONTRACT NO. CL99-17 CONSTRUCTION OF BANK STABILIZATION WORKS ALONG AN OUTFALL CHANNEL TO FAREWELL CREEK MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON ' SPECIAL PROVISIONS- GENERAL INDEX 1 SPECIAL PROVISIONS -GENERAL CONTRACT NO. CL98-17 CLAUSE SUBJECT PAGE ' 1. GENERAL........ . ....... . R ...................................................................................................... 3 .... .... .... 2. BLANK FORM OF TENDER. ,3 3. TENDER DEPOSITS.................................................................................................................. 3 4. BONDS.........................................................................................:................:...........................3 ' 5. RIGHT TO ACCEPT OR REJECT TENDERS............................................................................4 6. UNACCEPTABLE TENDERS.................................... ..,......................................................4 7. ADDENDA..................................................................................................................................4 8. ABILITY AND EXPERIENCE OF BIDDER .......... ..................................... ............... ....4 9. EXECUTE CONTRACT......... ... .................... ...................4 10. GUARANTEED MAINTENANCE......................................:......................................................... 5 11. LOCATION.......................... ..... 5 12. TENDERERS TO INVESTIGATE..................................................................... .................. ....5 13. INQUIRIES DURING TENDERING............................................................................................. 5 14. DEFINITION OF OWNER/AUTHORITY AND ENGINEER/CONTRACT ' ADMINISTRATOR....... ......... ................................................ ...................,..........,..........5 15. AWARD OF THE CONTRACT ............................................... ...,....................................6 16. PLAN QUANTITY ITEMS...........................................................................................................6 17. CONTRACT TIME AND LIQUIDATED DAMAGES.....................................................................6 18. CONSTRUCTION AND PAYMENT SCHEDULE ......................................................... ' ....6 19. CONTRACTOR'S AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE...............................................................7 20. OPS GENERAL CONDITIONS...................................................................................................7 21. REVISION TO OPS GENERAL CONDITIONS..........................................:................................7 22. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT 1991.................................................................7 23. LABOUR CONDITIONS .............................................................................................................7. 24. PROVINCIAL SALES TAX........................................................................................................10 25. GOODS AND SERVICES TAX (GST) ......................................... ................................. 10 26, RESTRICTIONS ON OPEN BURNING ........................................ ........................................... 10 27. LAYOUT.................................:..........................................:...................................................... 11 28, SUPPLY OF MATERIALS........................................................................................... ........... 11 29, PAYMENTS....... ......... ......... ......................................... ................... ................................ 11 30. PROPERTY OWNER'S RELEASE OF PRIVATELY OWNED LAND USED BY THECONTRACTOR...................................................................,............................................ 12 31. LIABILITY INSURANCE......... .............................................................. ....................... 12 32, UTILITIES, FENCES AND PRIVATE PROPERTY.................................. ................................ 13 33. DUST CONTROL AND MUD CONTROL.................................................. ............................... 13 34. EMERGENCY AND MAINTENANCE MEASURES.. ................... .... ........................... 13 35. MANAGEMENT AND DIPOSAL OF EXCESS MATERIAL............ ............................ 13 36. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT 1991 - DESIGNATED SUBSTANCES............ 17 37. WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (WHMIS) ........................ 17 38. APPLICABLE STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS......................................................................... 18 i. 39. TREE PROTECTION ........... .................................................................................................. 18 40. SPILLS REPORTING................................................:.............................................................. 18 41, APPROVALS AND PERMITS.---.-........................................................................:............ 18 42. PROTECTION OF WATER QUALITY...................................................................................... 19 43. SUNDAY AND STATUTORY HOLIDAY WORK........................................................... ........... 19 44. GENERAL.................................................................................................................................20 45. OTHER CONTRACTORS WITHIN OR ADJACENT TO CONTRACT LIMITS........................... 20 2 1. GENERAL ' SEALED Tenders plainly marked"Contract No. CL98-17"will be received until: 2:00 P.M. LOCAL TIME, Wednesday September 9, 1998 and shall be addressed to : Office of the Clerk Corporation of the Municipality of Ciarington 40 Temperance Street Bowmanville, Ontario L1 C 3A6 2. BLANK FORM OF TENDER One copy of the Tender, on the forms provided shall be submitted. All information requested shall be shown in the Tender, in the space provided. Tenderers must return their tender in the enclosed self-addressed envelope. The tender envelope shall be plainly marked to reveal contract number and the tenderer's name and address. ' 3. TENDER DEPOSITS All tenders shall be accompanied by a certified cheque or a bid bond issued by a surety approved by and in ' a form containing items satisfactory to the Authority's Treasurer, in the minimum amount defined below, made payable to the Authority, as a guarantee for the execution of the Contract. < <�!'O�tlT �r: lmauctt: `: ;Miiinturt[De sit �<: Rg :.:.. ....red::° >> .....,.... $ 20,000.00 or less $1,1040.00 20,000.01 to 50,000.00 2,000.00 50,000.01 to 100,000.00 5,000.00 100,040.01 to 250,000.00 10,000.00 250,000.01 to 500,000.00 25,000.00 500,000.01 to 1,000,000.00 50,000.00 1,000,000.01 to 2,000,000.00 100,000.00 2,000,000.01 and over 200,000.00 ' All tender deposits shall be returned to the respective Tenderers within ten days after the Tenders have been opened except those the Authority elects to retain until the successful Tenderer has executed the Contract documents. The second low bidder may substitute a bid bond for this tender deposit cheque after the bids have been opened and checked. The Tender deposit of the successful Tenderer and second low bidder will be returned when the successful ' Tenderer has fully complied with the conditions outlined in the Contract Documents. 4. BONDS The Contractor is required to provide a Performance Bond, and a Labour and Material Payment Bond, each in an amount equal to 100 percent of the Total Tender Amount, including Goods and Services Tax, to guarantee his faithful performance of this Contract and his fulfilment of all obligations in respect of payment ' for labour and materials used on this work. Each bond shall be with a satisfactory Guarantee Surety Company, resident in Canada or authorized to ' carry on business in Canada. An Agreement to Bond must be submitted with the tender bid. 3 S. RIGHT TO ACCEPT OR REJECT TENDERS The Contractor shall include, with their tender submission, a copy of their most recent Workplace Safety& insurance Board Firm Detail Profile Report; CAD-7 or NEER. This report will be a consideration in the evaluation and award of the Tender. The Authority reserves the right to: a) Cancel the Tender at any time prior to acceptance of a bid; b) evaluate submissions based on a past performance,timely project completion,approoiate, manpower, equipment&facilities; c) reject any or all bids; d) cancel any order if the goods or services are unsatisfactory; e) accept the Tender In whole or in part; and f) not accept the lowest or any tender. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing,any Tender which is incomplete., illegible;obsci , or which contains additions not called for, or irregularities of any kind, may be rejected. 6. UNACCEPTABLE TENDERS Each item in the Tender Form shall be a reasonable price for such item. Under no circumst ces will an unbalanced tender be Considered. The Authority and the Contract Administrator will be the $olo judge of such matters, and should any Tender be considered to be unbalanced, then it will be rejected by the Authority. 7. ADDENDA The Contractor shall ensure that all addenda issued during the tendering period are attached as part of the submitted bid. Failure to do so will result in disqualification of the bid. 8. ABILITY AND EXPERIENCE OF BiDDER The Authority reserves the right to reject any Tender where satisfactory evidence of sufficient 680ital, plant and experience to successfully prosecute and complete the work in the specified time, is not forrtished by the Tenderer. 9. EXECUTE CONTRACT Tenders shall be open for acceptance for a period of 60 days after the closing date. ,After this time the Tender may only be accepted with the consent of the successful Tenderer. The successful Tenderer is required to provide the following documentation as part of the enotifion of the Contract Documents. 1. Performance Bond 2. labour and Material Payment Bond 3. Insurance Certificate 4. Clearance Certificate of Workplace Safety and insurance Board 5. Corporate Safety Policy 6. 2 Year Safety Record History 7. Construction and Payment Schedule The successful Tenderer shall execute the Contract [Documents and furnish ,the ro- quiretf ibonds and documentation noted above within 10 calendar days of receipt of notification of Acceptance of Tamer. The successful Tenderer shall commence work at the site within 7 calendar days' of"ttie of0dal commencement date as specified in the written order issued in accordance with,GC 71.01,02 of General Conditions. 4 ' Failure by the successful bidder to meet the above requirements will entitle the Authority to cancel the award of the Contract and to retain the tender deposit as compensation for damages sustained due to the successful Tenderer's default. The Authority may then award the Contract to one of the other Tenderers or take such other action as it chooses. 10:. GUARANTEED MAINTENANCE The Contractor shall guarantee and maintain the entire work called for under this Contract for a period of twenty-four(24) months in accordance with Section GC7.15.02 of the General Conditions. The Contractor shall make good in a permanent manner, satisfactory to the Authority, any and all defects or ' deficiencies in the work both during the construction and during the period of maintenance as aforesaid. The Contractor shall commence repairs on any work identified as defective under this clause within 48 hours of receipt of notice from the Authority or the'Contract Administrator. The decision of the Authority and the Contract Administrator shall be final as to the necessity for repairs or for any work to be done under this Section. ' 11. LOCATION The work is located on an outfall channel to Farewell Creek between Prestonvaie Road and Farewell Creek, south of Highway#2 as indicated on'the engineering plans, Municipality of Clarington, Region of Durham. 12. TENDERERS TO INVESTIGATE ' Tenderers must satisfy themselves by personal examination of the site and by such other means as they may prefer as to the actual conditions and requirements of the work. ' The Tenderer shall carefully examine all plans and profiles so that the unit prices tendered are commensurate with the nature of the work. It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to thoroughly inspect the site of the proposed works, determine the location of any buried or obstructing services and make satisfactory arrangements for interference with such service with the proper jurisdictional agency. He is not to claim, at any after submission of this Tender that there was any misunderstanding of the terms and conditions of the Contract relating to site conditions. ' 13. INQUIRIES DURING TENDERING The Tenderer is advised that inquires regarding the interpretation of the plans or specifications ' shall be directed to the Contract Administrator, G. M. Sernas&Associates Limited,and the following personnel ' Mr. Darrell Goudey, P. Eng. (905) 432-7878 Local/(905) 686-6402 Toronto Mr.Paul Nedoszytko, C.E.T. 14. DEFINITION OF OWNER/AUTHORITY AND ENGINEER/CONTRACT ADMINISTRATOR Wherever the word "Owner" or"Authority" or"Corporation" appears in this Contract, it shall be interpreted as meaning the"Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington". Wherever the word "Ministry" or "M.T.O." appears, it shall be deemed to mean the "Ministry of Transportation, Ontario or the"Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington ' Wherever the word "Engineer"or"Contract Administrator"appears in this Contract it shall be deemed to mean the Consultants, G. M. Semas&Associates Limited or such other officers,as may be authorized by the Authority to act in any particular capacity. 5 15. AWARD OF THE CONTRACT The award of this Contract is subject to the approval of the Corporation of the Municipality of Ctg ngton and the Central Lake Ontario Conservation Authority. 16. PLAN QUANTITY ITEMS Measurement for payment of the items designated (P) in the itemized bid Is by plan quantity, as may be revised by adjusted plan quantity. 17. CONTRACT TIME AND LIQUIDATED DAMAGES 1. Time ' Time shall be the essence of this Contract. For purposes of this Contract, GCI.04 of the General Conditions is revised, in that Contract Tiirte&means the time stipulated herein for Completion of the Work as defined in Clause GC1.06. 2. Process of the W„Qrk and Contract Time The Contractor shall complete this contract in its entirety within the time period indicated_ from",the date of ' official notification to commence work. Contract Time—Two (2)weeks. if the Contract time above specified is not sufficient to permit completion of the work by the-_,,Contractor working a normal number of hours each day or week on a single daylight shift basis, it is expected that additional and/or augmented daylight shifts will be required throughout the life of the Contract tar the extent deemed necessary by the Contractor to insure that the work will be completed within the Contract time specified. Any additional costs occasioned by compliance with these provisions will be con$ktered to be included in the prices bid for the various items of work and no additional compensation will f ;allowed therefore. 3. Liouldated Damages It is agreed by the parties to the Contract that in case all the work called for under the Contract is not completed by the date specified, or as extended in accordance with section GC3.07 of the General Conditions, a doss or damage will be sustained by the Authority. Since it is extcernely dlffioctlt and not practical to ascertain and determine the actual loss or damage which the Authority will-surer K event-of and by reason of such delay,the parties hereto agree that the Contractor will pay to the Auttwrit the such of FOUR HUNDRED DOLLARS ($400.00) as liquidated damages for each day that poses Fond the prescribed completion date, until the work is complete. It is agreed that this>amourrt is ah 601m to of the actual loss or damage to the Authority which will accrue each day beyond the prescribed date of+6mpietidn. The Authority may deduct any amount under this paragraph from any moneys that may be clue df yable to the Contractor on any account whatsoever. The liquidated damages payable utcder this paraoreph are in addition to and without prejudice to any other remedy, action or other alternative that maybe available to the Authority. 18. CONSTRUCTION AND PAYMENT SCHEDULE ' The Contractor shall provide a detailed Construction Schedule of the work(s) to-be or+►d tak iraegral to the project, setting out Parts of the Contract or major work components t items as identified in tender form and referencing calendar dates,workweeks by number etc,, in a format acceptable toff*Autrity. The Contractor shall also be responsible for providing timetable requirements for the'Wrki work components/items in terms of Contemplated Expenditures. This shall also be illustrated in *,we"format with the understanding that the first payment will be processed within thirty (30) days of me ielpt aif payment certificate in accordance with terms and conditions of the Contract and/or OPSS: 6 , tThe Contractor is required to provide this full documentation, including Contemplated Expenditures Timetable and the Construction Schedule, within ten (10) days of the Notice of Award of the Contract. ' Failure to provide the entire documentation as indicated in the foregoing may result in delay and/or withholding of Payment Certificate No. 1 until such documentation is provided to and accepted by the Authority. ' 19. CONTRACTOR'S AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE Authorized representative as referenced in GC7.01.07 is defined as an employee of the Contractor. 20. OPS GENERAL CONDITIONS Wherever in this Contract reference is made to the General Conditions, it shall be interpreted as meaning the OPS General Conditions of Contract, August 1990. 21. REVISION TO OPS GENERAL CONDITIONS ' Payment on a Time and Material Basis: ' Section GC8.02.04.01, Definitions, is hereby revised by the addition of the following under"Payroll Burden"; Payment in respect of payroll burden shall be made at the following rates currently in effect: ' (I) Road Work-26 percent of the wages and salary portion of the labour costs. (ii)Structure Work- 30 percent of the wages and salary portion of the tabour costs. ' 22. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT 1991 The Contractor shall obey all Federal, Provincial and Municipal Laws, Acts, Ordinances, Regulations, Orders- in -Council and By-Laws, which could in any way pertain to the work outlined in the Contract or to ' the Employees of the Contractor. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Contractor shall satisfy all statutory requirements imposed by the Occupational Health and Safety Act and Regulations made thereunder, on a Contractor, a Constructor and/or Employer with respect to or arising out of the performance ' of the Contractor's obligations under this Contract. Confined Space If applicable to this project, the Contractor shall provide the Authority with a copy of its Confined Space Entry Procedures and, in the event that the Contractor does not have defined procedures, the said Contractor shall abide by the Occupational Health and Safety Act and regulations made hereunder and any ' procedures of the Municipality of Clarington and/or the Region of Durham. The Contractor shall be aware of and conform to all governing regulations, including those established by the Authority, related to employee health and safety. The Contractor shall keep employees and ' subcontractors informed of such regulations. 23. LABOUR-CONDITIONS 1 General This Special Provision is to be read in conjunction with Section GC8.02.06, Payment of Workers, of the ' General Conditions of the Contract and is subject to The Industrial Standards Act, The Employment Standards Act, 1980 and the regulations made hereunder. The wage rates set out in the Roads and Structures Fair Wage Schedule are subject to change periodically. Any increase in costs incurred by a ' change in the wage rates shall be borne by the Contractor. 7 Definition For the purposes of this Special Provision, (a) 'regular rate"means, (i) the hourly rate paid to an employee for their normal non 'overtime work week, or; (ii) in the case of an employee to whom sub-clause (i)does not apply,the annount obtained , by dividing their total earnings for the week by the number of hours they worked in the week. (b) "work on roads"means the preparation, construction, finishing and construction maintenance of roads, streets, highways and parking lots and includes all work incidental thereto other than work on structures; and; (c) "work on structures" means the construction,reconstruction, repair, alteration, rernodeling, , renovation or demolition of any bridge,tunnel or retaining wall and includes the preparation for and the laying of the foundation of any bridge, tunnel or retaining wail and theinstallation of equipment and appurtenances incidental thereto; provided; however, that the Minister of Labour, Ontario may at his/her sole discretion determine gather any particular work into be classified as work on roads or as work on structures and such decision r Wbe made notwithstanding the definitions herein contained. Hours of Work and Wages The regular work week for a person employed on work on-roads being done under this Contract or any other , Contract subject to these or similar labour conditions shall not exceed 55 hours and all time worked by such person in excess of 55 hours a week shall be overtime except that part of the hours of work in excess of 5 hours a week which together with the hours worked in the preceding week do not exceed 55 hours in that preceding week. But, in no case shall the number of hours that can be included in the hour's of work for that preceding week exceed 22 hours. The regular work week for a person employed on work on structures being done under this tontrsof or an y other Contract subject to these or similar labour conditions shall not exceed 50 hours and all time worked by such person in excess of 50 hours a week shall be overtime except that part of the hours of worknn excess of 50 hours a week which, together with the hours worked in the preceding week do not exceed 50, hours in that preceding week. But, in no case shall the number of hours that can be included in the hours of work for that preceding week exceed 22 hours. Every person employed by the Contractor or a sub-contractor or other person'to do any part of the work contemplated by this Contract shall be paid while employed on such work at not less than the w"e rate set out in the Roads and Structures Fair Wage,Schedule thereunder for the appropriate classification of such work or not less than such other wage rates as, during the continuance of the work, are fixed=by the Minister of Labour, Ontario, for hours of work that are not overtime and shall be paid one and one half times his/her regular rate for all hours of work that are overtime. Notwithstanding that a Contractor pays wages in excess of the wage rates set out in the Roads and Structures Fair Wage Schedule hereunder, he shall not, in computing overtime wages payable to an employee, setoff against such overtime wages any part of the wages earned by the employee In sect of their regular work period. Where a person is working on more than one Contract that is subject to theses condition$, including any municipal Contract that contains similar labour conditions, the regular work week and the ermtlgetnent to overtime for that person shall be based upon the total hours worked on all such Contracts.and lf,on,this basis, overtime is worked on this Contract the Contractor shad,pay such person at the overtime rate and no waiver by that person of this entitlement to overtime wages and no interposiiion'of athird party lay irray of an employment agency or as the nominal employer of that person shall relieve the Contractor gf'his(her obligation to pay that person the overtime wages. 8 ' Decision by Minister of Labour Where there is no appropriate classification set out in the Roads and Structures Fair Wage Schedule for any particular class of work, the Minister of Labour, Ontario, may designate or establish the appropriate classification and the wage rate. The Contractor, upon receipt of notice of any decision of the Minister of Labour, Ontario, made under this ' Contract, shall immediately adjust the wage rates, hours and classification of work so as to give the effect to such decision. The Contractor shall make applicable to this Contract and post, in accordance with Section GC7. 1 of the ' General Conditions of the Contract, the current edition of the Ontario Ministry of Labour's Roads and Structures Fair Wage Schedule and any amendments hereto. ' Contractor to Keep Records Which are to be Open for Inspection The Contractor shall keep proper books and records showing the names, trades, addresses and hourly wage rates of all workers in his/her employ or employed on this Contract through an employment agency and the ' wages paid to and time worked by such workers both at regular wage rates and at overtime wage rates, and the books or documents containing such records shall be open for inspection by officers of the Government at any time it may be expedient to the Minister of Labour to have the same inspected. Ministry Reauirements Before payments Made to Contractor The Contractor shall from time to time upon request furnish the Ministry with such detailed information and ' evidence as may be required in order to establish that these labour conditions have been complied with not only by him/her but by any sub -contractor or other person doing any part of the work contemplated by the Contract. Off Site Work The labour Conditions are intended for application primarily to work on the Contract site. Work that is ' carried out on sites that are not in the immediate vicinity of the Contract site or that are not used exclusively for the purposes of Contracts including Municipal Contracts, containing similar labour conditions will not be subject to the labour Conditions. Training Period for Equipment Operators (a) Employees, other than students, learning to operate equipment are classified as"Apprentice ' Equipment Operators", during, (i) their first three months operating equipment which does not require licensed operator; or ' (ii) their first 18 months operating equipment which requires a licensed operator. (b) The wages for apprentice equipment operators are as follows: ' Windsor Zone The wage rate for Cement Improver Hamilton Zone The wage rate for Asphalt Raker Toronto Zone The wage rate for Asphalt Raker Ottawa Zone The wage rate for Skilled Labourer Provincial Zone The wage rate for Skilled Labourer ' Pile Drive r Employees other than an operator are to be classified as"Pile Driver Men" and shall be entitled to the wage rate for"Labourer"-Structure Section. 9 Servicing of Equipment by Operator"On Site" �. The Operator shall be entitled to his/her wage rate for the work in accordance with the terms of the"Special Provisions- Labour Conditions". Traveling Time Traveling time will not be subject to the Fair Wage Schedule. The hours and wages or monies paitt for traveling time are to be deleted from the wage record of an employee in computing his/her wage, entitlement. Gravel and Chig Spreader Provincial Zone Employees engaged in this classification of work shall be paid the wage rate of;Equipment and Maintenance Operator,Group"B". Room and Board Allowance The amount of room and board allowance will be negotiated between the employer ante employee but in no case will the net amount of wages due to an employee be less than such wages anemployee ir�'Gineral Construction work would receive at the minimum wage and overtime at one and one-half times t 'rate for hours worked in excess of 44 hours a week and the maximum deduction for Room and-Board per-week as allowed by Regulation under the Employment Standards Act. Farm or Industrial Tractors with Attachments The attachment must be power operated and be an integral part of the tractor: Wage Rates for Students (a) Students employed as FLAGPERSONS or WATCHPERSONS shall I be entitled to the wage rate for these classifications. (b) Students performing work in positions that are classified in the Fair Wage Schedule, ether than FLAGPERSONS or WATCHPERSONS,shall be entitled to receive the student rate, ; notwithstanding the rate set out in the Schedule for the classification appFicable to the work. (c) Students employed for more than three months in a classified sition shall then po be el9t�l to the wage rate for that classification. (d) Students performing work in positions that are not classified in the Fair Wage Schedule shall be entitled to receive the student rate, regardless of the location of the Contract. 24. PROVINCIAL SALES TAX Provincial Retail Sales Tax shall be included in tendered prices for material supplied under-this Cif tract. 25. GOODS AND SERVICES TAX(GST) The Tenderer shall NOT include any amount in his tender unit prices for the Goods and Seri+ices Tax.The GST will be shown on each payment certificate and will be paid to the Contractor in additionr to the amount certified for payment and will therefore not affect the Contract unit prices. 26. RESTRICTIONS ON OPEN BURNING Open fires will not be permitted within the limits of this Contract. Brush and debris may as an alteitft ive to burning, be disposed of outside the Contract Limits and in compliance with the requirementa'spetieti elsewhere for Management and Disposal of Excess Material. r 10 27. LAYOUT Section GC7.02, Layout is hereby revised by the deletion of parts 03 & 07 The Contractor shall be responsible for the setting out of the work including all lines, grades, elevations, etc., required to construct the work in strict accordance with this Contract, Plans and Specifications. The Contractor shall deliver to the Contract Administrator copies of all grade sheets, field notes, calculations and other layout records that are normally kept, including a list and description of benchmarks used during the construction. The Contractor shall be responsible for layout which shall be subject to periodic checking by the Contract Administrator. The checking procedure is intended as a form of review and must not be construed as relieving the Contractor of his responsibilities for the accuracy of the work. In order to assist the Contractor in laying out and setting out of the work, the Contract Administrator will provide a reasonable number of paper prints of pertinent drawings, such as engineering drawings and detail drawings. The Contract Administrator will also provide the Contractor with a benchmark. The Contractor is to make his own arrangements to obtain the survey plans from the legal surveyor. All of the standard iron bars as indicated on the survey have been placed or verified prior to the Contractor commencing the work. The Contractor shall protect all such bars and shall be responsible for the cost of replacing those which are destroyed due to his negligence. In areas where the bars may fall within excavation, the Contract Administrator will arrange for those bars to be replaced when it is reasonable to do so at no cost to the Contractor, however, the Contractor shall at his cost provide assistance to the Engineer or the surveyor, including labour and machines as required to prepare the areas prior to replacement of the standard iron bars. Upon completion of the work and prior to issuing the final payment certificate,the Contractor shall deliver to the Contract Administrator one set of paper prints marked up "as constructed". This information, along with spot checks that the Contract Administrator may make, will be used to calculate final quantities and pay items. The Contractor shall allow in his unit rates quoted for all of the costs associated with the setting out of work, including the cost for obtaining "as constructed" mainline sewer inverts at each manhole and horizontal sewer line distances from the center manhole base. Any field changes altering the services or road works from the original design must also be shown on the as constructed set. 28. SUPPLY OF MATERIALS All materials necessary for the proper completion of the work shall be supplied by the Contractor, except as specifically noted, and the payment provided in the Contract shall be deemed to include full compensation for the supply of such materials. 29. PAYMENTS Except as herein provided, payments under this Contract will be made in accordance with Section GC8.02.03 of the General Conditions. Notwithstanding the provisions of the General Conditions respecting certification and payment,the Authority may withhold 2 1/2 percent of the total value of work performed beyond the expiration of 45 days from the date of completion of the work as established by the Completion Certificate, to enable the Contract Administrator to produce the final detailed statement of the value of work done and material furnished under the Contract. As a condition of holdback reduction to 2-' 1/2%,the Contractor shall supply a Statutory Declaration as defined in GCS.02.03.07 03) (b). The Completion Payment Certificate to include statutory holdback release, will be issued within 120 days after the date for completion as specified under GC1.06. The date for interest due to late payment shall commence following 180 days after the date of completion of the work. 11 The Contractor will be required to submit to the Authority a statement from the Workplace Safety& Insurance Board that all assessments the Contractor is liable to pay under The Workplace Safety tip Insurance Act or successor legislation have been paid. Such statement or Certificate of Gteat shad be provided prior to issuance of the Contractor's last payment and at.any other time when requested to do so. As a condition of the final holdback payment, the Contractor shall provide the required Property diner's Releases as specified elsewhere, as appropriate. 30. PROPERTY OWNER'S RELEASE OF PRIVATELY OWNED LAND USED BY THE CONTRACTOR Upon completion of the Contract,the Contractor shall provide the Authority with two(2)copies off a form of release signed by each property owner, upon whose land he has entered for any purpose in conjunction with the Contract, as follows: Date To: Mr. Steve Vokes, P.Eng. Director of Public Works Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington 40 Temperance Street Bowmanvitle, Ontario L1 C 3A6 Re: Contract No. CL98-17 Construction of Bank Stabilization Works Along an Outfall Channel to Farewell Creek Dear Sir: hereby certify that (Name of Contractor) have fulfilled the terms of our agreement and have left my property in a satisfactory condition. I have accepted their final payment and release (Name of Contractor) and the Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington from further obligations. Yours very truly, Property Owner's Name Lot Concession, Municipality of (Please complete above in printing) Final payment will not be released to the Contractor until all the applicable forms of release twv burn signed by the property owners and received by the Authority. 31. LIABILITY INSURANCE Pursuant to Standard Terms and Conditions Item 22 - Insurance,the Contractor shalt maintain and paY for Comprehensive General Liability Insurance including premises and all operations. This insurance roverage shall be subject to limits of not less than (those specified in the Insurance Clauses of the OPS eneral Conditions). a) The policy shall include The Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington,the-Regional Municipality of Durham and the Consultant-G.M. Semas and Associates limited as additional named insured in respect of all operations performed by or on behalf of the Contractor. b) The policy shall not be altered, cancelled or allowed to expire or lapse,without thirty(30) days prior written notice. 12 32. UTILITIES, FENCES AND PRIVATE PROPERTY Sections GC2.01 & GC7.12.02 of the General Conditions are deleted in their entirety and are replaced by the following: The Contractor shall be responsible for the protection of all utilities, fences and private property at the job site during the time of construction. The Authority will be responsible for the relocation of utilities where required. However, no claims will be considered which are based on delays or inconvenience resulting from the relocation not being completed ' before the start of this Contract. It is the Contractor's responsibility to contact the appropriate agencies for further information in regard to the exact location of all utilities,to exercise the necessary care in construction operations and to take such other precautions as are necessary to safeguard the utilities from damage. 33. DUST CONTROL AND MUD CONTROL As part of the work required under section GC7.06 of the General Conditions the Contractor shall take such steps as may be required to prevent dust nuisance resulting from his operations either within the right-of- way or elsewhere or by public traffic where it is the Contractor's responsibility to maintain a roadway through ' the work. Where the work requires the sawing or grinding of asphalt or concrete, blades and grinders of the wet type shall be used together with sufficient water to prevent the incidence of dust, wherever dust would affect traffic or wherever dust would be a nuisance to residents of the area where the work is being carried out. The cost of all such preventative measures shall be borne by the Contractor except however where calcium chloride is used to reduce the dust caused by traffic on a roadway which it is the Contractor's responsibility to maintain for public traffic. The cost of such quantities of calcium chloride as is authorized by the Contract Administrator to restrict dust to acceptable levels, shall be paid for by the Authority at the contract price for Application of Calcium Chloride. The Contractor shall be responsible for all dirt and mud that is tracked onto the roadways from vehicles entering or leaving the job site. He shall upon request from the Contract Administrator, immediately proceed with cleanup operations at his expense. If after repeated requests, or if in the opinion of the Contract Administrator, the Contractor has not or cannot sufficiently remove the mud from the road, the Authority may proceed with the necessary clean-up with all costs being charged to the Contractor. 34. EMERGENCY AND MAINTENANCE MEASURES Whenever the construction site is unattended by the general superintendent, the name, address and telephone number of a responsible official of the contracting firm,shall be given to the Contract Administrator. This official shall be available at all times and have the necessary authority to mobilize workmen and machinery and to take any action as directed by the Contract Administrator in case emergency or maintenance measures are required regardless whether the emergency or requirement for maintenance was caused by the Contractor's negligence, act of God, or any cause whatsoever. Should the Contractor be unable to carry out immediate remedial measures required,the Authority will carry out the necessary repairs,the costs for which shall be charged to the Contractor. 35. MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL OF EXCESS MATERIAL ' t12_Sco e This special provision defines the requirements for management and disposal of excess aggregate, rock, earth, swamp material, bituminous pavement, portland cement concrete, masonry, manufactured wood materials, natural wood materials, debris from open burning, and fabricated metal and plastic products. ' 13 (2) Definitions v Bituminous pavement: means any combination of asphaltic material and aggregate. Construction area: means the road allowance, right-of-way, and property with a boundary commoh to the. road allowance or right-of-way within the Contract limits. Disposable fill: means excess material that is,not disposed of at a certified disposal site, and thOt is disposed of as fill, other than in embankments. Earth: means earth as defined in OPSS 206, excluding any material not classified as soil. Excess material: means aggregate,rock,earth, swamp material;bituminous pavement, pm t land 06ment concrete, masonry, manufactured wood materials, natural wood materials, debris from open t urnipg, and fabricated metal and plastic products that result from construction specified in the Contract and for which neither disposal nor use is elsewhere directed in the Contract. Fabricated metal and plastic products:means metal and piestic products such as culverts, fence materials, and guide rails, but does not include containers, other packaging materials, storage tanks,septiotanks, and ancillary equipment associated with sanitary sewage systems, septic systems, and fuel/lubricant dispensing and storage systems. Manufactured wood: means wood that is not entirely natural wood. Masonry: means clay brick and associated mortar. Natural wood: means stumps,trunks, branches; and'debris from tree and shrub removal and wood pr oducts that are not treated, coated or glued. Portland cement concrete: means concrete produced with Portland cement, and Includes concrete,mixtures with portland cement, blended hydraulic cement, supplementary cement materials, spent debris$qd siflca and abrasive blasting media from abrasive cleaning of concrete and reinforcing steel, and can include embedded steel. Re- use: means utilization, processing or re-processing of excess material into a con,nstruction material or other useful product, and disposal by these means, and includes stockpiling for re-use. Rock: means rocks defined in OPSS 206. Swamp material: means swamp material as defined in OPSS 209, excluding any mate" not cnossiflied as muskeg. Waste: means excess material that is not managed by re-use, open burning, or as disposables fitl. 3 Submission anQ bMficatjon Requirement 3.1 Notification of site Selection and Property Owner Release Written permission shall be obtained from the Owner of property that is not owned by the Auth<tsityor designated for use in this Contract, prior to its use for any of the following; (a) Stockpiling force-use. (b) Stockpiling for disposable fill. (G)Management as disposable fill. A copy of this permission shall be provided to the Engineer a minimum of two weeks p+tiar.to commencement of such work. Upon completion of such work, a copy of a Property Owner's Release as set out elsewhere in to Coact shall be supplied to the Contract Administrator. 14 3.2 Notification to Ministry f the Environment& Energy 9y Prior to commencement, written notification of the locations) of the following shall be provided to the Ministry of the Environment (MOEE): (a) Management of bituminous pavement and portland cement concrete as disposable fill outside the 1 road allowance, right-of-way, or other Authority property, and (b) Open burning. In the event that MOEE has concerns with the above location(s), further notification shall be provided until MOEE concerns are addressed. ' The MOEE Office to be notified is located at: 1 Overlea Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario. M4N 1A8. A copy of the notification shall be provided to the Engineer a minimum of two weeks prior to the commencement of such work. ' 3.3 Submission of Certificate of Approval Where Section 4.5 of this special provision requires a Certificate of Approval for a Waste Management_ System, a copy of the Certificate shall be supplied to the Contract Administrator prior to transporting excess material from the construction area. (4) Conditions for Management of Excess Material 4.1 General ' Except as otherwise specified in the Contract, excess material shall be managed by one or a combination of the following: (a) Re-use. ' (b) Disposable fill. (c) Open burning. (d) Disposal as waste. '- It is the Contractor's responsibility to obtain any approvals and agreements, either directly or in response to notification as specified in Section 3 above, that are required to implement the Contractors strategy for the management of excess material. 4.2 Conditions on Management by Re-use Management by re-use for incorporation into the work shall be as permitted in the Contract. Management by re-use shall otherwise be outside the road allowance or right-of-way. Management by re-use for both incorporation_into the work and other re- use shall be subject to the following conditions: Except where used in base, sub-base, shouldering material or recycled hot mix, excess material consisting of bituminous pavement that is managed by re- use shall be placed; (a) A minimum of 30m from bodies of water and watercourses, excluding ditches with `V' bottoms; (b) A minimum of 100m from any water wells. Except for cutting for construction purposes, excess material consisting of manufactured wood shall not be reprocessed or further processed, 15 4.3 Conditions on Management as Disposable Fill Management as disposable fill within the road allowance, right-of-way, and on-:other property d+ nated in the Contract shall be specified in the Contract. Management as disposable fill shall otherwise be outside the road allowance or right-of-way and shall be subject to the following conditions: Swamp material, bituminous pavement, portland cement concrete, masonry, natural wood, and debris from open burning that are managed as disposable fill shall be placed: (a) A minimum of 30m from bodies of water and watercourses, excluding ditches with `V' bottoms. (b) A minimum of 100m from any water wells. . (c) A minimum of 100m from individual dwellings and a minimum of 460tH from residential development, and ' (d) A minimum of 2m above the level of the groundwater. Bituminous pavement, Portland cement concrete,masonry,natural wood, and debris from dpetr Bing, that are managed as disposable fill shall be covered by a minimum of 1 00m of earth or topsoil: 4.4 Conditions on Management by Open Burning Management by open burning shall be subject to the following conditions: Open burning shall be limited to natural wood, confined to daylight hours, and tended at aN times. Open fires shall be located within the construction area only, no closer than 150m to any dwelling,"d shalt be conducted in a manner that prevents odor, excessive smoke,or other material discomfort to nearby recipients, and prevents any decrease in visibility on any highway. Open fires shall not be started on days of adverse weather such as rain, fog, or other;conditions tot prevent the ready dispersion of smoke. During the fire season this condition may be exempted in the fire zpde, provided there are no dwellings within 600m. , Debris from open fires shall be managed in compliance with Section 4.3, or Section 4:s of this s0wal provision. 4.5 Conditions on Management by Disposal of Waste Waste shall be managed as non- hazardous solid industrial waste or commercial waste. Marragei6ent by disposal as waste shall be subject to the following conditions: Waste shall be transported from the construction site to a site that has a Certificate of'Apprbval for a?Waste Disposal Site that is valid for-non- hazardous solid industrial or commercial waste. Waste may be transported by a hauler who is engaged in other work on the Contract,wtihout.a 06diticate of Approval for a Waste Management System, provided the waste is transported from the work area directly to the disposal site. Waste shall otherwise be transported by a hauler with a Certificate of Approval for a Waste Management System that is valid for the following: (a)The entire period of the work. (b)The entire area within the limits of the work and the entire haul route. (c)The equipment to be utilized;and (d) Non-hazardous solid industrial or commercial waste. f 16 (5) Basis of Payment Payment for the management and disposal of excess material shall be deemed to be included in the tender items requiring such management and disposal, and shall include all costs associated with acquiring approvals, releases and agreements. 36. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT 1991•DESIGNATED SUBSTANCtS In accordance with the requirements of Section 18a(1)of the Occupation Health and Safety Act, the Authority has determined that no designated substances as listed hereunder are present on the site and within the limits of this Contract. Designated Substance Identified on This Site Location Acrylonitrile Arsenic Asbestos Benzene Coke Oven Emissions Ethylene Oxide Isocynates ' Lead Mercury Silica Vinyl Chloride It is the responsibility of the Contractor to ensure that all sub-contractors performing work under this Contract have received a copy of this specification, where Designated Substances are identified as being present at the site of the work. The Contractor shall comply with the governing Ministry of Labour Regulations respecting protection of workers, removal, handling and disposition of the Designated Substances encountered on this Contract. Prior to commencement of this work, the Contractor shall provide written notification to the Ministry of the Environment & Energy at 1 Overlea Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, M4H 1A8 of the location(s) proposed for disposal of Designated Substances. A copy of the notification shall be provided to the Contract Administrator a minimum of two weeks In advance of work starting. In the event that the Ministry of Environment &Energy has concerns with any proposed disposal location, further notification shall be provided until the Ministry of the Environment's concerns have been addressed. All costs associated with the removal and disposition of Designated Substances herein identified, shall be deemed to be included in the appropriate tender items. Should a Designated Substance not herein identified be encountered in the work, then management of such substance shall be treated as Extra Work. 37. "WORK PLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (WHMIS) Reporting Prior to the commencement of work the Contractor shall provide,to the Contract Administrator, a list of 1 those products controlled under WHMIS which he expects to use on this Contract. Related Material Safety Data Sheets shall accompany the submission. All containers used in the application of products controlled under WHMIS shall be labeled. ' The Contractor shall notify the Contract Administrator of changes to the list in writing and provide the relevant Material Safety Data Sheets. 17 38. APPLICABLE STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS , Ontario Provincial Standard Specifications(OPSS) governing the work of this Contract shall be as listed in the'Schedule of Tender Data', Section E, with the applicable date of issue as indicated for each Specification. With the exception of OPSS 127 & 128,these Specifications shall remain in effect throughout the duration of this Contract,whether or not they be modified or re-issued by the responsible agency subsequent to the tender advertising date. The issues of OPSS 127& 128 which are current at the time the work is performed or materiat f*niched, shall govern: , 39. TREE PROTECTION During the construction period the Contractor shall not: ' 1. Stockpile construction or excavated material in lawn areas under trees. 2. Refuel construction equipment in the vicinity of trees.All re-fueling shalt be undertak 'frt �. designated areas: - 3. No contaminant fluids, liquids or solids of any type which may be toxic to tree roots-shoutd be' permitted to enter the soil within the drip line of trees to be saved. The Contractor is advised that no buttress/{flare)/ roots shall be permitted to be cut during popstfuctiont for any reason. Injury to above ground portion of trees caused by the Contractor's operations must be irnm eE'fiateiy reported t p to the Contract Administrator and will be treated as directed.by the Authority's arbodstfhdrtictittturist, with acceptable wound treatment by the Authority or a commercial tree care expert at the Contractor's expense. , Any large (7 to 8 cm diameter) roots cut, excavated or injured during construction are to 13e clears-cut and painted with orange shellac as directed by the Authority's arborist/horticulturist. Foots of large flees should not be excavated closer than 2 meters to the trunk of the tree under any circumstances. , 40. SPILLS REPORTING Spills or discharges of pollutants or contaminants under the control of the Contractor,- and spills or discharges of pollutants that are a result of the Contractor's operations that cause or are likely to cause adverse effects shall forthwith be reported to the Contract Administrator. Such spills or discharges and their adverse effects shall be as defined in the Environmental Protection Act R.S.O. 1980. All spills or discharges of liquid, other than accumulated rain water, from luminaries, internally illuminated signs, lamps, and liquid type transformers under the control of the Contractor, and an spills or discharges from the equipment that are a result of the Contractor's operations shall, unless othenmse ir`Ooated in the Contract, be assumed to contain PCB's and shall forthwith be reported to the Contras Administrator. This reporting will not relieve the Contractor of his legislated responsibilities regarding such spills or discharges. 41. APPROVALS AND PERMITS The construction of the works and all operations connected therewith are subject to the approval;Ospection, by-laws and regulations of all Municipai, Provincial and federal and other authoritlds:having'jt Cliction=in respect to any matter embraced in this Contract. Prior to any works being undertaken within the limits of the Contract, the Contractor shall ottitain Road Occupancy Permits from the Municipality and/or the Region as required. All fees payable in respect of these permits and approvals shall be at the Contractor's expense with the exception of the fees for the Ministry of Labour approval, should these be required. 18 ' 42. PROTECTION OF WATER QUALITY Prior to any grading or filling, roadside ditches are to be dammed with sandbags or rock check dams, as required to trap sediment and prevent its entry into watercourses. Sediment dams shall also be provided upstream of all ditch inlet catchbasins to prevent entry into the storm sewer system. These barriers are to be cleaned of sediment on a regular basis and maintained to the satisfaction of the Contract Administrator until completion of sodding operations. All filled/graded areas where applicable, are to be consolidated and revegetated as soon as these activities ' are complete;to prevent erosion. Any and all ditches, drainage channels and/or storm sewer systems, which may be affected by construction shall have their flows maintained at all times during construction, unless permission to the contrary has been obtained from the Contract Administrator.No extra cost shall be incurred by the Authority for this work. The Contractor shall make allowance in his prices for any problems that may be encountered as a result of ditch flows or storm sewer flows. If found necessary then the Contractor shall adequately divert or pump at his expense, the storm water to avoid construction problems. Drainage shall not be impeded nor shall blockages or water backups be permitted. Any damage as a result of water or flooding shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. At all times,the Contractor shall maintain existing stream flows and shall control all construction work so as not to allow sediment or other deleterious materials to enter streams. No waste or surplus organic material including topsoil is to be stored or disposed of within 30 metres of any watercourses. Run- off from excavation piles will not be permitted to drain directly into watercourses but shall be diffused onto vegetative areas a minimum of 30 metres from the watercourse. Where this measure is not sufficient or feasible to control sediment entering the watercourses,sedimentation traps or geotextile t coverage will be required. If dewatering is required, the water shall be pumped into a sedimentation pond'or diffused onto vegetated areas a minimum of 30 metres from the watercourses and not pumped directly into the watercourses. No machinery shall enter the creek bed of any watercourse. Movement of construction equipment in the vicinity of any creeks shall be limited to the minimum required for construction. The Contractor shall not carry out equipment maintenance or refueling or store fuel containers within 100 metres of any watercourse. The Contractor shall not stockpile construction debris or empty fuel/pesticide ' containers within the Contract limits. 43. SUNDAY AND STATUTORY HOLIDAY WORK ' No work will be permitted on Sundays. In the case of an emergency, work may be carried out only with written permission from the Director of Public Works, and only to such extent as he may judge to be necessary. The Contractor shall refrain from work on Statutory Holidays recognized by the Authority. Under special circumstances, approval may be given for work on Statutory Holidays, at the discretion of the Director of ' Public Works. The Contractor must submit written notification at least four (4) days in advance of the Statutory Holiday on which he desires to work, indicating the location and nature of the work to be performed. The Contractor must obtain written permission from the Director of Public Works authorizing work on a specific Statutory Holiday. ' 19 44. GENERAL Tenderers shall include the following,where applicable, in all unit prices bid on this tender: .1 Environmental considerations. , .2 Protection and temporary/permanent support of all inground services along or across the trenches Including above ground services such as hydro and telephone poles supported as approved by the governing authority: .3 Trench protection as required by the Ministry of Labour for soil conditions encountered. .4 Native material for backfilling shall be compacted to 95% Standard Proctor Density. .5 Dewatering both inside and outside trenches. .6 Temporary surface restoration as required for-the maintenance of traffic. 45. OTHER CONTRACTORS WITHIN OR ADJACENT TO CONTRACT LINTS The Contractor is advised that as other work may be in progress within or,adjacent to the Oks of this Contract, he shall co-operate with other Contractors, Utility Companies, and.the Authority and;they shall be allowed free access to their work at all times. The Contract Administrator reserves the r gbt to alter the method of operations on this -Contract to avoid interference with other work,. No claims for days and/or extra work will be considered by the Authority where proper co-ordination and cooperation ;between ' contractor(s) and/or utility companies could have minimized or eliminated such an occun'ence. 20 CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON CONTRACT NO. CL98.17 ' SPECIAL CONDITIONS SPECIAL CONDITIONS INDEX 1. Notice 2. Municipality Standard Drawings 3. Use of Site by Other Contractors 4. Request for Inspection 5. Existing Utilities ' 6. Control of Mud Tracking 7. Erosion and Siltation S. Construction Schedule ' 9. Municipal Requirements 10. Contractor's Responsibility for Damage 11. Access TENDERITEMS ' 1.1 Rock Check Dam 1.2 Tree and Stump Removal and Disposal Off--Site 1.3 Earth Excavation ' 1.4 Vegetated Gabion Wail 1.5 Live Fascine 1.6 Topsoil and Seed ' 1.7 Erosion Control Blanket 2.1 Mobilization and Demobilization 2.2 Bonds and Insurance 3. Contingencies III SPECIAL CONDITIONS L NOTICE ' In addition to notifying the Municipality, Department of Labour and any other authority having jurisdiction over the work,the Contractor shall give the Engineer three days notice of his intention to start work so that a pre-inspection can be completed and to co-ordinate ongoing inspection requirements. ' 1 MIUNICIPALITY STANDARD DRAWINGS ' Any Municipality Standard Drawing pertinent to the scope of work and not included in the Standard Drawing section can be found in the current Municipality Standards published booklet. Copies are available to the Contractor at the Municipality offices or for viewing from the Engineer and shall be deemed to be included in this Tender. ' 3.USE OF SITE BY OTHER CONTRACTORS ' The Contractor shall be responsible for co-ordinating his work with other Contractors carrying out work on or adjacent to the site. 4, REQUEST FOR INSPECTION ' The Contractor shall request the Engineer to inspect and give his approval to the work upon its completion or upon completion of substantial sections of the work. The Contractor shall ensure that the work to be ' inspected is in accordance with the Contract and lie shall be responsible for cost of further inspections, should it be found that the request is premature. 5.EXISTING UTILITIES ' The Contractor shall, in an approved ma mer at his expense, protect from injury any public or private services in the highway or right-of-way or easement in the vicinity of his work, assuming all costs and expense for direct or indirect damage which may be occasioned by injury to the same. Location of utilities as shown on drawings are approximate only and the Contractor shall be responsible for their accurate location at the time of construction. 6. CONTROL OF MUD TRACKING The Contractor shall, at his own cost, prevent the tracking of mud from his work areas onto the existing ' paved streets and shall,at no additional cost,supply all necessary labour, material and equipment to clean the existing streets when so instructed by the Engineer. 7.ERASION AND SILTATION While working on-site, the Contractor is responsible for the repair of erosion damage and for clean-up of siltation,which can be directly attributable to his works. ' S. CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE The construction schedule shall be in accordance with that set out in Clause 17.2 of the Special Provisions ' General. ' SC-! 9 MUNICIPAL REQUIR MENT5 Without altering the intent of the Tender Documents,all work is to be done to the satisfaction of the Local , Authorities for the Municipality where the Work is performed. Acceptance of the work will be=bjW to receipt of approval by the aforementioned Municipal Authorities. 10 CQNMCTOWS RESP—QNS=H FOR DAB , The Contractor shall employ such methods to minimize or eliminate damage to adjacent prime arty and along the ass route(s). Any damage to the above areas directly attributable to the Contractor's , operations shall be repaired by the Contractor to the satisfaction of the Municipality and the Enginoer at the Contractor's expense.The Contractor shall restore all sodded areas which are damaged during the course of the work in kind. - ' L ACCESS Construction access to the site shall be as follows: , Through an open space block from White Cliffe Drive which is adjacent to the existing tm on-the west side of White Cliffe Court/Drive to the north of the outfall channel. Through the existing maintenance access/overland flow route from Worthington gton Dnvt - oppgantc Sheenan Court—to the south of the outfall channel. Clearance letters from affected Property owners acknowledging that damaged areas have been restordd in kind will be required following completion of the work and prior to final holdback release. SC-2 SPECIAL ND —T N R LTEMS CONTRACT N CL"-17 ITEM 1.1 R CK CHECK DAM ' Reference: OPSS 511 ' Include: .i €tiViffititnatitai caiisiddraliafis .2 Supply and installation of stone check dam prior to any construction commencement ' downstream of the working area as per attached detail(Page SC-7) .3 Maintenance of filter cloth contained within check dam,replace as required during construction .4 Upon completion of the Contract,removal of all material related to the above work off site .5 Restoration"in kind"of disturbed areas .6 Sixty percent(60*/*)of the quantity installed will be paid on installation,the remaining forty percent{40%)will be paid on removal ' ITEM 12 TREE AND STUMP UMVAL AND DISPOS&L-OMITE Reference: OPSS 201,510 ' Work under this item shall include removal of trees, tree stumps and shrubs,and trimming of all trees that interfere with new construction, as identified on the engineering drawings. Wood from trees larger than 50mm cal. shall be offered to the adjacent property owner. If accepted, the tree(s) shall be cut to manageable lengths(max. 1.2m)and left on the adjacent private property. All other debris shall be disposed of off site at a location arranged by the Contractor.The Contractor shall not commence clearing operations until approval is received from the Municipality. ' STEM 1.3 EARTH EXCAVATION Reference: OPSS 206,209,510 The approximate quantity for earth excavation of 450m3 has been determined from existing ground cross- sections and theoretical design sections.No further measurement for payment will be made unless a change in grade or removal of additional material is required by the Contract Administrator. Should this occur, additional payment shall be made under the appropriate contingency item(s). The Contractor shall note that included in the bid price shall be removal and disposal off--site of all i) boulders,rock slabs and concrete up to and including one(1)cubic metre in size ii) wood,abandoned services and utilities and other debris NOTES: ' Earth excavation quantities include all topsoil removal excavation of excess material, excavation for placement of the gabion wall,and an allowance for topsoil replacement. ' All materials not incorporated into the project are to be hauled off site and disposed of at the Contractor's expense in accordance with Special Provisions-General, Clause 35. ITEM 14 VEGETATED GABION WALL ITEM 1.3 LIVE FlASCINE ' All works to be completed as illustrated and noted on Drawings EP-1 and XS-1 and in accordance with United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service Engineering Field Handbook— Chapter 18 — Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Protection and Erosion Reduction, and MTO Drainage Manual—Part 3,copies of which are appended to these Special Conditions. SC-3 f 1 Additional information regarding the vegetated gabion wall can be found in 13ioe veering for Land Reclamation and Con'ervation(1980)by Hugo Schiechtz,also appended. M 1.6 TM AND SEED Reference: OPSS 501,570,572 Include: 1 Supply and place 50mm-depth of topsoil .2 Removal of stones/debris greater than 25mm in size before and after topsoil placement , .3 Primary Seed Type I in Hydraulic Mulch Type"13"g1 straw mulch(depending upon time of placement sec Table 2 of OPSS 572)all supplied in place by a professional landscaper Imo.t.7 EROSION CONTRCIL „A The unit rate quoted shall be full compensation for all labour,equipment,and materials required to supply and install the specified erosion control blanket (or approved equivalent) as per the tnmwkd w,s specifications,including but not limited to toeing in at the top of the slope,check slots as required,overlap of adjacent rows,placement of staples to secure matting,etc. ' r SC4 SPECIAL CONDITIONS—TENDER ITEMS CONTRACT NO CL 95-17 ' ITEM 2.1 MOBILIZATION AND DEMOBILIZATION The Contract price in the Tender for this item shall be compensation in fiill for the following: .1 Moving on the site and setting up the Contractor's office,storage facilities,plant,etc.as required .2 Security protection of the Contractor's office, plant and stored materials during the course ' of the work .3 Provide all necessary access to the project including haul roads as required and the restoration of the surfaces to the original condition after[lie haul roads are removed .4 Moving off the site and removal of the Contractor's office,storage facilities,plant,etc. and leave the site clean and tidy .5 Payment under this item shall be made as follows: • Fifty Percent(50%)of the lump sum stated in[lie Tender Form will be paid on the - first payment certificate Fifty Percent(500/®)balance will be paid on the issuance of the Completion Certificate ' ITEM 2.2 BONDS AND INSURANCE The Lump Sum price in the Tender Form for this item shall be fill compensation for the cost of the 1000/a Labour and Material Payment Bond, die 100% Performance and Guarantee Maintenance Bond for 24 months from the date of the Completion Certificate and the Liability Insurance as outlined in the Special Provisions—General. One Hundred Percent(too%)of the tendered price for this item shall be paid on the first progress payment. SC-5 SPECIAL CONDMQNS—TENDER ITEMS N T •17 ' ITEM 2. CONTINGENCIES Item 3.1 to 3.6 Labour Rates(All Inclusive) Work to be paid under Contingency items shall not commence until ordered in writing by the Engineer. Work involving the expenditure of more than $500.00 shall not commence unless it is authorized by the issuance of a change order setting out details of the work contemplated and the cost involved. Such change order shall be premed by the Contractor, accepted by the Engineer and approved by the Municipality of Clarington before any work pertinent to the change order is undertaken ' { SC-6 i 1 i 1000 MIN i600 MIN. ° °° i SECTION A--A 1 TOP OF BANK 200mmO RIP—RAP H.W.L A -� FILTER FABRIC ' Fly 0,w` TERRAFIX 27OR 1.5 OR APPROVED EQUIVALENT f DITCH OR WATERCOURSE INVERT ; ' 50mme CLEAR STONE PROFILE 1 ROCKFILL CHECK DAM DETAIL ' N.T.S. SC-7 i • s Y ' t 1 't ti. �A1 l��• ` � '� Ns ,4- � _'� _ tea" •. i .6:R"rte P Chapter 19 Soil Sinengineering,for Upland Slope Pan 10,41 Protection and Erosion Reduction Engt i-vrtnt f wl.i llwull..,k ' ISSlled October I992 Cover. Live plant cuttings are installed (top photo)on upland slue to provide soil reinforcement and reduce surface erosion. The bottom photo shows the slope after I year.,Phnr:� R,-t-h,n 8 c,t►r a.L.� >,,a- ► i 1 1 1 i ' all programs and services of the U.S. Department of agriculture,Soil Conservation Service,are offered on a nondiscrUTtiaatory bads, without regard to race,color, national origin.religion,sex.age. marital status,or handicap. ' t.laeett. las>> Chapret IS Preface ' Chapter 1S. Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Protection and Erosion Reduction is one of the 18 chapters of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Serice(SCS) Engineering Field Handbook.pre%iously ' referred to as the Engineering Field Manual. Other chapters that are perti. nent to.and should be referenced in use with. chapter IS are: Chapter 1: Engineering Surveys Chapter 2: Estimating Runoff Chapter 3: Hydraulics Chapter 4: Elementary-Soils Engineering Chapter-5: Preparation of Engineering Plants Chapter 6: Structures Chapter Grassed Waterways and Outlets ' Chapter S: Terraces Chapter 9: Diversions Chapter 10: Gully Treatment ' Chapter 11: Ponds and Reservoirs Chapter 12: Springs and Wells Chapter 1:3: Wetland Restoration. Enhancement.or Creation ' Chapter 14: Drainage Chapter 1.5: irrigation Chapter 16: Streambank and Shoreline Protecrion Chapter 17: Construction and Coruuucti.--,n Mater'aLs ' This is the first edition of chapter 1S.The science of soil bioengineering is rapidly evolving and improving; therefore.addidons to and modifications of this chapter Kill be made as necessary. ' t'?I()-EFH. MV2) 2S+ Chapter is Acknowledgments ' This chapter was prepared under the guidance of Ronald W. Tuttle. national landscape architect.and steering conintinee menitters Da.id C. Ralston.national design engineer,and Curtis W. Sharp. national plant materials specialist,SCS. Washington. DC. Robbia B. Sotir& :associates and Dr. Donald H. Gray are the principal ' authors df this manuscript.They supplied original drawings.which were adapted for SCS use,and all photographs. Carolyn A.Adams.landscape architect:Leland K. Saele,design engineer.Gary E. Formanek.agricul- ' rural engineer.and Frank F. Reckendorf. sedimentarion geologist:SCS West rational Technical Center. Portland. Oregon. edited the manuscript to extend its applicability to most geographic rea^.ons and to 6t it to agency ' programs. Other staff members at the SCS Na:ivnal Technical Centers and State Offices also contributed by re%ie%%zng the chapter and providing comments. Sarah Laurent.editor.SCS. Washington. DC.pro%ided editing assistance. ' and Wendy R. 011er. illustrator.SCS. Fort Werth.Texas.prodded desktop publishing in preparation for printing. ' Chapter 1S Soil -Bioengineering for Upland Slope Protection and Erosion Reduction 1 Contents: 630.1800 Introduction ........................._............................................................18-I (a) Purpose and scope. 1S-1 (b) Background ...................................................................................................1S-I (c) Integrated planning and design requirements...........................................1S-1 (d) Applications...................................................................................................15-2 650.1801 Characteristics of soil bioengineering systems 18.4 (a) Vegetative components...............................................................................1-c--1 (b) Structural components.................. (c) Attributes and limiiations........................... ................................................15-i 650.1802 Basic principles and design considerations 18-7 (a) Basic principles of soil bioengine-ering......................................................18 (b) Design considerations..................................................................................1S-3 630.180:3 Construction tedutiques and materiAls 13-9 (a) General considerarions................................................................................1S-9 ' (b) Soil bioengineering techniques..._............................................................18-1i (c) Soil bioengineering materials....................................................................13-�q ;d) Vegetated structures....................._............................................................IS-16 r 650.1804 References 13-so ' Glossary 18-51 ' Tables Table 18-1 Approaches to upland slope protection and 13-2 erosion control ' Table 18-2 Soil bioengineering plant species 18-9 Table 18-3 Live fascine installation guidelines I8-20 ' Table 18-4 Brushlayer installation guidelines 1&-n Table 18-5 Plant tolerance 13--39 (•114EF H. 1491) Chapter is Soil Bioengineering for(.-piand Slope Pyt 6W Protection and Erosion Reduction Er,t nns Handbook , Figures Figure 18-1 Soil bioengineering pro%ides sail reuVt)rcement 13,3 and reduces surface erosion ' Figure 13-la Eroding fill slope Figure 18-lb Measures being installed ' Figure 18-1c installation 1 year later Figure 18-2 Newly established installation provides multiple IS-6 functions and values Figure 18-3 Live stake installation IS-14 Figure 184 Top growth and root development of a month-old IS-15 ' live stake Figure 18-5 A prepared Live stake 13-16 ' Figure 184 A live stake that has rooted and is demonstrating 13-1 healthy growth ' Figure 18-7 Fabrication of a live fascine bundle 13-IS Figure 18-8 A live fascine system 18-19 , Figure 13-8a During installation Figure 1S4b Three months after installation Figure 18-9 A dead stout stake 13-20 ' Figure 18-10 Live fascine details 18-21 Figure 18-11 A brushlayer system 13-23 ' Figure 18-1la During installation .. 18-?3 , Figure 18-11b Two years after installation 13-23 Figure 18-12 Installing a brushlayer IS-24 Figure 18-12a Bench being prepared for a brushlayer Figure 18-12b Placing live branch cuttings ' Figure 18-13 A btanchpacking system being installed 1845 Figure 18-14 Branchpacking details 13-26 I3-iv (210-Efli 10,92) , ' Ctupter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope ?.n aiJ Protection and Erosion Reduction Enru•,-nn t F:,'J dx-,4l,.nk ' Figure 18-13 Completed branchpacking s}stem IS-27 Figure IS-1.5a Newly installed system Figure 1S-15b One year after installation Figure 18-16 Live gully repair details 13-2S ' Figure 18-17 A live cribwall being installed 18-29 1 Figure 18-18 Live cribwall details 13-:31 Figure 18-19 An established i•eget ited rock gsbton s;:tent IS-42 ' Figure 18-20 Vegetated rock gabion detaiLs 15-:33 Figure 18-21 Vegetated rock wall details 1S_,5 Figure 18-22 A newly established joint planttr.g stale 15-36 Figure 18-23 Roots improve drainage by retno%ing-oti moisture 15-3 Figure 13--23a Root system 7 months after Installation ' Figure 13-23b Joint planted area after a 2-year groA-th Figure 18-24 Joint planting details IS-33 ' Figure 18-25 A low wall with plantings above 13-4 Figure 18-26 Low wall at the base of a slope with Vegetation 13-1 on face of slope Figure 18-27 A tiered wall Kith bench plantings 1S-4.S Figure 18-28 Cribwall systems with face plantings 19-19 ' Figure 18-23a Tiered cribwall system with trees and shrubs planted on benches Figure 18-2Sb Open-front concrete cribw-all with plantings in openings 1 1210•EFH. lW_.I 1�-� Chapter IS Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Part Cm Protection and Erosion Reduction Enpnvertnt FiAd Han4t—A i 1 1 1 1 1 1 • i • 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 ls-,; ('taEFH,1092) , ■ L iiapter io 0011 Dlueclgllleef11% Jof UpIdI1u 010pe f Protection and Erosion Reduction reinforcement and prevent surface erosion(fig. 1S-1). 650.1800 Introduction in soil bioengineering systenis, the installation may ' play the major structural roles immediately or may become the major structural component over time. (a) Psarpose and scope Live staking, Uve fascines. brushlayers,branchpacking. Chapter IS provides field personnel with a guide for and live gully repair are soil bioengineering techniques soil bioengineering intended primarily for upland that use stems or branch parts of living plants as initial slope protection and erosion reduction. It describes and primary so'H reinforcing and stabilizing material. characteristics. principles,design.and construction When these vegetative cuttings are placed in the techniques of soil bioengineering.Two approaches to ground,roots develop and foliage sprouts.The result. ' soil bioengineering techniques are presented: woody ing Vegetation becomes a major structural component vegetative systenis and woody vegetative systems of the bioengineering system. conit+ined with siniple structures. Woody vegetative systems are emphasized. Vegetative plantings and live cribwalls, vegetated rock gabions.vegetated rock ve,etated structures are discussed cursorily to help walls,and joint plantings are soil bioengineering iiistin¢uish thent from soil bioengineering techniques. techniques that use porous structures with openings through which vegetative cuttings are inserted and ' This chapter is national in scope and should be supple- established. The inert structural elements provide mented with regional and local information. Soil imniediate resistance to sUding, erosion,and washout. bioengineering measures.such as live cribwalls and As Vegetation becomes established. roots invade and brushlayering. are relatively complex and must be permeate the slope. binding it together into a ratified. 1 tailored carefully to Specific soil and site conditions. coherent mass. Over time. the structural elements The contents of this chapter are not directly applicable diminish in importance as the vegetation increases in to massive erosion problems or complex shallow slope strength and functionality. ' failure problems. Additional background on specific designs and sample calculations are available in other Nonliving approaches use rigid constructions,such sources(Gray,et.al. 1952). as surface arnwring,gravity retaining wails, and rock buttresses. Vegetation can be used in conjunction Kith Planning and design of soil bioengineering systems nonliving structures to create vegetated structures. generally require a team of experts.Therefore, the Vegetation enhances the structures and helps reduce scope of this chapter reflects the interdisciplinary surface erosion, but usually does not provide any nature of soil bioengineering. reinforcement benefits. ' (b) Background (c) Integrated pla uo ng and design requirements Soil bioengineering, in the context of upland slope protection and erosion reduction.combines mechant- Soil bioengineering combines biological elements with cal.biological,and ecological concepts to arrest and engineering design principles. The requirements for prevent shallow slope failures and erosion. Basic both must be considered when planning and designing approaches to upland slope protection and erosion the measures presented in table IS-1. For example, control can be divided into two general categories: engineering requirements may dictate highly com- Uving and nonliving(table 18-1). parted soil for fill slopes, while plants prefer relatively loose soil. Using a sheep's foot roller for compaction is The living approach,which uses live plant materials, a solution that would integrate biological and engi- can be further divided into two specific categories: neering requirements because it compacts the soil,but vegetative plantings and soil bioengineering.Vegeta- also allows plant establishment in resulting depres- ' five plantings are conventional plantings of grasses, sions in the slope. Differing needs can generally be forbs. and shrubs used to prevent surface erosion. Soil integrated through creative approaches and occasional bioengineering utilizes Uve plant parts to provide soil compromises in planning and design ' (210-EFti. IW2) IS-t Chapter t8 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope part 6;0 Protection and Erosion Reduction Ent :neenng Field Hanlb ok (a) a pp Ucatons Other sttua ons where soil bioengineering ' me�,ures can be employed are not discussed in this chapter. ' The soil bioengineering techniques in this document These situations include dune stabilization.w•edand are generafl appropriate for immediate protection of buffers. reservoir draw•dowtt areas where plant'can slopes against surface erosion,shallow mass wasting, be submerged for extended periods,and areas with cut and fill slope stabilization,earth embankment highly toxic soils. Properly designed and constructed , protection.and small gully repair treatment. Appropri- soil bioengineering measures have also been employed ate application of specific measures are discussed in with considerable success in stabilizing shorelines and detail in Section 6.50.1303,Construction techniques streambanks.This topic is addressed in EFH.Chapter and materials. 16.Streambank and Shoreline ProtectiorL Table 113-1 Approaches to tip-land slope protection and erosion control , Category Examples .appropriate rases Role of%egeurion , Vegetative plantings Conventional Grass seedlings Control water and wind Control weeds. , plantings Transplants erosion. Bind&restrain soil Forbs Minimize frost effects. Filter soil from runoff. , Intercept raindrops. L Maintain Mtradon. I Moderate ground V temperature. ' I N Soil bioengineering G 'Woody plants used Live staling Control of rills &gullies. Same as above,but also as reinforcement. Live fascine Control of shallow reinforce soil,tran.,-pire as barriers to soil Brushlayer (translational)mass j ) excess water,&mirurttize ' movements.& in the Branchpacking movement, dowislope movement of frontal openings or Live cribw•al1 Filter sediment. earth masses. interstices of Live gully repair Improved resistance to Reinforce fill into mono- retaining structures. Vegetated rock gabion low to moderate earth lithic mass ' iVegetated rock wall forces. Improve appearance and Joint planting performance of structure. Vegetated structures O Inert structures Wail or revetment with Control erosion on cut& Stop or prevent erosion N with vegetative slope face planting. fill slopes subject to &shallow sloughing I treatments. Tiered structures with scour& undermining. on or at the slope face V bench planting. above the toe. , I G Rigid construction (see Chapter 6, Structures,of the Engineering Field Handbook). tS-'2 t21t)-EFH. M92) , . . •. .. ��_��) '+•� � .�►T~• F� � -1. ;<7�i7-.. � {. �. Iwo�r��.� �.f�. --.� 3 � -!�f tea...+° �c '�`r �lL+L��is_ \ .may'-. ��+- �� sJ/�•.v+ �Y"�2 'ICS �.� i�'s��'in.7'r • - S { �si.��e M ' - � ��. .. �' � ��5� �it4 w 3'i'fc•� _'�.�e�'.�y�- Y t 'tea. '� ��. �•��';�1�. aI x'a.xw{F�:'r �T�,i•��" 0� • -a�V`�-c: ..��s•^' i.�� r b>+;'a _ ,'� -a• -�,n�fvi CFj�. .�� ,3'i r -i.�< •_tip �t""T r. •}}'_T��e,��'�'e .�� ,'�t"+t-►tiw� �, �<yyS- r4 y-. Y��J' .tt f1.�'''�" `r3's,.,�Y��*.a- sue.- ��1' +"rr � �' tt :n's ' '- a::. _ - - F: ' .�• 3:J `::;- �,y:�„��. � `_- it �:;4' - _ %�. :rte mow►i,.• :` __✓'Mi.� ��: r+�s� - ... '' - � `�..;r� .. 'r. -.� cti:; Chapter 19 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Part 6:O ' Protection and Erosion Reduction En,nn: rr.g Field Handhnk method of placement and orientation %%-ould rot be 650.1801 Characteristics used in slope reinforcement. Uve fa_s ines Serve to , of soil bioengineering dissipate the energy of downward nio%ing «rater by trapping debris and pro%iding a series of benches on systems which grasses,seedlings,and transplants establish more easily. Portions of the lire fascUws also root and , become part of the stabilizing corer. live fascines Soil bioengineering uses particular characteristics of pro,ide an immediate increase in surface stability and vegetative components and integrates specific charac- can further improve soil stability to depths of 2 to 3 , teristics of structures with vegetation.The resulting feet as roots develop. systens and their components have benefits and limitations that need to be considered prior to select- In the case of brushlayering. live branches or shoots of ing them for use. such woody species as shrub willow-,dogwood.or , privet are placed in successive layers with the stems generally oriented perpendicular to the slope contour. (a) Vegetative components as showm in figure 13-1.This orientation is the optimal , direction for maximum•reinforcing effect in a dope. (1) Herbaceous species Brushlayering can improve soil stabilin to dears of Herbaceous vegetation. especially grasses and fortis,a to-i feet. , offers long-term protection against surface(water and wind)erosion on slopes. It pro%ides only minor pro- tection against shallow mass movemeni. Vegetadon (b) Structural components helps to prey ent surface erosion by: ' Properly designed and installed structures help to • Binding and restraining soil particles in place stabilize a slope against shallow mass movement and • Reducing sediment transport protect the slope against rill and gully formation. ' • Intercepting raindrops Structures also play a critical role in the establishment • Retarding velocity of runoff of vegetation on steep slopes or in areas subject to • Enhancing and maintaining infiltration capacity severe erosion.They may make it possible to establish , • NIininuzing freeze thaw cycles of soils suscep- plants on slopes steeper than would normally be tible to frost possible.Structures stabilize slopes during the critical time for seed germination and root groaZh Without , Herbaceous species are almost always used in con- this stabilization,vegetative plantings would fail Junction with soil bioengineering projects to add during their most vulnerable time. protection against surface erosion. (1) Materials , (2) Woody species Structures can be built from natural or manufactured More deeply rooted woody vegetation pro%ides greater materials. Natural materials,such as earth,rock, protection against shallow mass movement by: stone,and timber,usually cost less,are emirm men- ' tally more compatible.and are better suited to vegeta- • Mechanically reinforcing the soil with roots tive treatment or slight modifications than are manu- • Depleting soil-water through trarspiration and factured materials. Natural materials may also be interception available onsite at no cast. • Buttressing and soil arching action from em- bedded stems Some structures are comprised of both natural and manufactured materials. Examples include concrete , Live fascines. for example. pro%ide many of these cribw•alls,steel bin walls,gabion walls or revetments, protective functions.They are fabricated from woody welded wire or polymeric geogrid walls,and rein- species, such as shrub willow or shrub dogwood, into forced earth. In these cases steel and concrete mostly , sausage-like bundles. which are placed with the sterns pro-Ode rigidity,strength,and reinforcement.whereas oriented generally parallel to the slope contour.This stone. rock, and soil pro%ide mass.These types of IS--t (210-EM. 14.4_'J , structures have spaces that are often planted with works satisfactorilv at less cost. In other cases. the herbaceous or woody vegetation. more appropriate and most effecove solution is a ' structural retuning system alone or in combination (2) Retaining structures with soil bioengineering. A retaining structure of some rype is usually required to protect and stabilize extremely steep slopes. Low The following specific artributes and lindtations ' retaining structures at the toe of a slope make it pos- should be cor_idered before applying a soil bioengi- sible to grade the slope back to a more stable angle neering technique: that can be successfully revegetated without loss of ' land at the crest. Structures are generally capable of (1) Environmental compatibility resisting much higher lateral earth pressures and shear Soil bioengineering systems generally require minimal stresses than vegetation. access for equipment and workers and cause relatively minor site dLsm rbance during irL-:t:''2jdon. These are (3) Grade stabilization structures generally prig:tiny considerations in emironntentally Grade stabilization structures are used to control and sensitive areas. >uch as parks, w•oay'ands. riparian preen( gu11v erosion. A grade stabilization structure areas.and scenic corridors where aesthetic qualiq•. ' reduces the grade above it and dissipates the excess wildlife habit,::. and similar value_may be critical ener!,ry of flowing %%ater within the structure itself. (fig. 1S-2). Debris and sediment tend to be deposited and trapped upstream of the structure. This. in turn. permits estab- (2) Cost effectiveness lishment of vegetation behind the structure. which Field studies .`.ave shown instance_ where combined further stabilizes the ground. Grade stabilization slope pro(ecton_;.:tent have proven more cost structures may range from a series of simple timber effective than the use of either vegetative treatments ' check dams to complex concrete overfall structures or structural �,)lutioru alone. mere construction and earth embankments with pipe spillways. methods are labor intensive and labor costs are rea- sonable, the combined*-stems may be especially cost Gully control provides a good example of the integra- effective. Where labor is either scarce or extremely tion of structures and vegetation. Structural measures expensive, however.soil bioengineering systems may may be required in the short term to stabilize critical be less practical than structural measures. locations. The long-term goal is to establish and main- tain a vegetative cover that prevents further erosion. Using indigenous materials accounts for some of the This goal is seldom realized unless the severe gully cost effectiveness because plant costs are limited to ' condidons can be altered inunediately.Vegetation labor for harvesting and handling and direct costs for alone, for example, will rarely stabilize gully headcuts transporting the plants to the site. because of the concentrated water flow,overfalls, and pervasive forces that promote gully enlargement in an (3) Planting times ' unstable channel system. Initially, the vegetation and Soil bioengineering systems are most effective when the structure work together in an integrated fashion. they are installed during the dormant season, usually The ultimate function of these structures, however, is the late fall, winter,and early spring.This often coin- , to help establish vegetation which will provide long- cider with the time that other conswicdon work is term protection. slow. ' Constraints on planting tunes or the availability of the (c) Attributes and limitations required quantities of suitable plant materials during allowable planting times may limit the usefulness of Soil bioengineering measures should not be viewed as soil bioengineering methods. ' a panacea or solution for all slope failure and surface erosion problems. Soil bioengineering has unique (4) Difficult sites attributes,but is not appropriate for all sites and Soil bioengineering is often a useful alternative for situations. In certain cases,a conventional vegetative small,highly sensitive.or steep sites where the use of treatment(e.g.,grass seeding and hydro mulching) machinery is not feasible and hand labor is a necessity. ' - (210-EF-H.tW2) ts:) Rib all AM Ve aw a •:i s-�1' -;.````;2, a�:�s'= D. r�� . �� ICA '� �''-�' ■fir'• t1' • '' �- :J . •.� *ifs � ff � `;t' .•_��:,�` �'+ � • • �. ! _+� _, 1p ID se- ~` • .i • �.. s'' �s ..� . " � 1s +ice �a s 11 i• s�`' f rt 3 s y y�J~~1�,':a• _ter;' �T'' ,� rLi 77 it+�= J �. :, } / �` _ * �•"_�'•• ` , t .iii�v � + -e =• • ' Chapter t8 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Part.-d) Protection and Erosion Reduction Engirr.r.r�:F.-;,!Flardbook ' (6) Biotechnicai strengths Soil bioengineering systems are strong initially and 650.1802 Basic principles grow stronger with time as vegetation becomes estab- and design considerations lished. In some instances. the primary role of the ' stnictural component is to give the vegetation a better chance to become established. It has been shown in slope reconstruction projects that soil bioen oe n�eergineering (a) Basic principles of soil ' biie g systems can withstand heavy rainfalls immediately after installation. Even if established vegetation dies, the pl.mt roots and surface residue may continue to play The basic principles that apply to conventional soil an important protective role during reestablishment. erosion control also apply in general to soil bioengi- neering.These principles are mostly common sense (i) Maintenance requirements guidelines that involve planning. tinung. and nuninuz- 4ncr vegetation is well established on a soil bioengi- tng site disturbance rather than the design of indi- neenng project. usually «ithin one growing season. a %idual measures themselves.Applicable principles can Qenerally becomes self-repairing by regeneration and be =ttntmarized as follows: growth and requires little maintenance. However. a newly installed soil bioengineering project will require (1) Fit the soil bioengineering system to the �areftil periodic inspections until it is established. site E_tablishing vegetation is vulnerable to trampling, This means considering site topography. geology. drought. grazing. nutrient deficiencies. toxins. and soils. �egelation, and hydrolog<. Avoid extensive ' pests, and may require Special management measures grading and earthwork in critical areas and perform at times. soil tests to determine if%igorous plant growth can be supported. A(a ntinimuni. collect the following infor- ' niation: (i) Topography and exposure • Sore the degree of slope in stable and unstable ' areas. .Uso note the presence or Iack of mois- ture.The likely success or soil bioengineering treatments can best be determined by observ- ing e c!-:,dng stable slopes in the%icinity of the project site. • Sole the type and density of existing,•egetadon in areas with and without moisture and on slopes facing different directions. Certain plants grow well on east-facing slopes,but will ' not su %ive on south-facing slopes. • Look for areas of vegetation that may be grow. ing more%igorously than other site vegetadon. This is generally a good indicator of excess moisture,such as seeps and a perched water table, or it may reflect a change in soils. (ii) Geology and soils • Consult SCS geologists about geologic history and types of deposits(collu%ium, glacial,allu- %ium, other). • Sote e\idence of past sliding. If site e\.idence e.)dsts, determine whether the slide occurred along a deep or shallow failure surface. Leaning t^Stu-EFH. 10.9'_') lr- Chapter IS Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope part.;;KI Protection and Erosion Reduction Eng;r... —g or deformed trees may indicate previous slope (6) Divert, drain, or store excess Rater movement or downhill creep. In addition to site Install a suitable system to handle increased evidence. check aerial photos, which can reveal an&or concentrated runoff caused by changed ' features that may not be apparent from a site soil and surface conditions during and after visit. construction. • Determine soil type and depth. Use the soil Install permanent erosion and sediment control ' survey report. if available, or consult SCS soil measures in the project before construction is scientists. started if possible. (iii) Hydrology ' • Deternune the drainage area associated with (b) Design considerations the problem area. Note whether water can be diverted away from the problem area. (1) Earthwork • Determine the annual precipitation. Are there Typically-, sites require some earthwork prior to the concentrated discharges^ installation of soil bioengineering systems.A steep • Calculate peak flows or mean discharge undercut or slumping bank, for example. requires , through the project area. grading to flatten the slope for stability. The degree of • If a seep area was noted, locate the source of flattening depends on the soil npe. hydrologic condi- the water. Determine whether the water Can be tions.geology,and other site factors. ' intercepted and diverted away from the slope face. (2) Scheduling and timing Planning and Coordination are needed to achieve ' (2) Retain existing vegetation whenever optimal timing and scheduling. The sea_o)nal ,3%ajabil- possible ity of plants or the best time of year to irt�-tall them Vegetation provides excellent protection against may not coincide with the construction season or with <urface erosion and shallow slope failures. Soil bio- tight construction schedules. In some cases, rooted ' engineering measures are designed to aid or enhance stock may be used as an alternative to unrooted dor- the reestablishment of vegetation. mant season cuttings. (3) Limit removal of vegetation (3) Vegetative damage to inert shvctures ' • Limit cleared area to the smallest practical size Vegetative damage to inert structures may occur when • Limit duration of disturbance to the shortest inappropriate species or plant materials that exceed practical time the size of openings in the face of srructures are used. ' • Remove and store existing woody vegetation Vegetative damage does not generally occur from roots. that may be used later in the project Plant roots tend to avoid porous, open.faced retaining • Schedule land clearing during periods of low structures because of excessive Stuilight- moisture ' precipitation whenever possible. deficiencies,and the lack or growing medium. (4) Stockpile and protect topsoil (4) Moisture requirements and effects Topsoil removed during clearing and grading opera- The backfW behind a stable retaining structure has ' tions can be reused during planting operations: certain specified mechanical and hydraulic properties. Ideally,the fill is coarse-grained. free-draining. granu. (S) Protect areas exposed during construction tar material. Excessive amounts of clay. silt.and ' Temporary erosion and sediment control measures organic matter are not desirable. Free drainage is can be used. essential to the mechanical integrity of an earth- retaining structure and also important to vegetation, ' which cannot tolerate waterlogged soil conditions. The establishment and maintenance of vegetation, however, usually requires the presence of some fines ' and organic matter in the soil to provide adequate moisture and nutrient retention. In many instances. �g tslaeFx. tas�� ' ' chapter I8 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Port 6v Protection and Erosion Reduction Ene:nernrc FA-1 Har,tmk ' these biological requirements can be satisfied without compromising engineering performance of the struc- 650.1803 Constructlon tune. With cribwalls. for example, ade,4uate aniounts of ' tecluiiques and materials fines or other amendments can be incorporated into the backfill. Gabions can be filled with rock and soil drifted into them to facilitate growth of vegetation. Woody vegetative cuttings can be placed between the (a) General considerations baskets during filling and into the soil or backfill beyond the baskets. The needs of plants and the re- Soil bioengineering measures have certain require- beyond of structures must be taken into account menu and capabilities. Plant species must be suitable ' when designing a system. for the intended use and adapted to the site's climate and soil condirions. Consult a plant materials special- ist about available cultivars to ensure that appropriate ' species are used. Species that root easily. such as willow. are required for such measures as Uve fas- cines. brushlayer. and Uve staring or where unroot,�.d stems are used with structure; measures. Table 1S-2 is a general listing of plant species used in soil bioend- neering. Table 13-2 Sod bioengineering plant species Name t oeadon A%artabdiry Habitat else Size forth R xx t}pe Rooting abwn from cuttings Acer negundo N.`E Common Excellent Small Nlod. deep Poor-fair ' Boxelder tree spreading Alaus rubra \W Very common Excellent Large tree Shallow Poor Red alder spreading Baccharisglutinosa W Common Very good Medium Fibrous Good Water wally shrub ' Baccharis halimijolia S,SE Common Very poor Small-med. Fibrous Fair-good Eastern baccharis shrub ' Baccharis pilularfs W Very common Good Medium Fibrous Good Coyotebrush shrub Baccharis t•lminea W Very common Very good `tedium Fibrous Good Mule fat shrub ' Betula papyrijera V. E, Common Good Tree Fibrous Poor Paper birch &W shallow ' Bet ula pumila N. E, Common Very good Medium Fibrous Poor Low-birch &W shrub ' (210-EF'r{. 1t1912) 1�9 Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope part iit) Protection and Erosion Reduction Eng;n«nrg F;eltr Hane,-...•k ' Table I3-2 Soil bioengineering plant species--Continued , Name Luratton A%ailability Habitat%slue :ize rorm Root ppe Roonrc ability ' from r•�r,:n2s Contits anlorttum N, SE Very common Very-good Small Shallow Very good SiIk-y dogwood shrub fibrous Corrtus race,nosa NE Common Very good Med-small Shallow Good ' Gray dogwood shrub ('c;,,tus nrgosa \E Common Very good fed-small Shallow Fair-good ' Roundleaf dogwood shrub fibrous Corn us sericea N. \E. Very comnion Very good Med-small Shallow Vrn :og)d ' s.sp. stolonijera g \"V shrub Red osier dogwood C''uraefills Sp. SE Uncommon Good Sm. dense Top root Fair , Hawthorn tree Elocagnusec-nlntutata N. Cent. fiery Common Poor Medium Shallow Fair•eood , Silverberry shrub Liguslrum sine,ese S. SE Common Fair-good Small-med. Shallow- Good , Chinese privet shrub fibrous Lonicera int-ducmla E Common Poor-fair Small Shallow Good ' Black r•.kvtberry shrub Physocarpus capilatus NW. W Common Fair Small Fibrous Good Pacific ninebark , Ph ysoca rpus opul ijol i us NE Common Good Med-high Shallow Fair-good Common ninebark shrub lateral ' Populus angustijolia W Common Good Tree Shallow Very good' Arrow•leaf cottonwood Populus balsa inijera \'t' Common Good Tree Shallow- Very good , ssp. trichocarpa fibrous Black cottonwood ' Populus delloides NIµ', E Very common Good Large Shallow Very good Eastern cottonwood tree ' Populus jre,nontii Sit% Very common Good Tree Shallow Very good Fremont cottonwood fibrous 13-10 1214 EF H. 10,42 T ' ' Chapter IM Soil Bioengineering fur Upland Slope Pert-.Li Protection and Erosion Reduction Eneinr«rtn¢F:�i4 H.tn-S`-nk Table 13-2 Sod bioengineering plant species—Conunued acne l ucation AtailahiLn Habitat value Size form R.x+c npe Rooting from cuninf-• Populus tremuloides \K• Very Good Large Shallow- Fair ' Quaking aspen common tree Robittin pseudoacacia `E Common Very poor Tree Shallow Good Black locust Rubus alleyheni'vilsis \E Very common Ven• -ood Small Fibrous Good Allegheny blackberry shrub Rubus spy ctabilis SW Very common Good Small Fibrous Fair-good Salmon berrT shrub ' Rubus strigo.sus N. \E. Very common Very good Small Fibrous Good Red raspberry. & fit' shnib Salix exigua NW Fairly Good Medium ShaJow Good Coyote «illo%v common shrub suckering ' ssp. interior N.SE Common Good Large Shallow, Fair-good Sandbar willow shrub to deep 1 Salix arnygdoloides N. S Common Good Very large Shallow Very-good Peachlea!willow- shrub to deep Salix bonplandiana tit'& Very common Good Medium Fibrous Very good Pussy willow N'A' shrub Salix eriocephala NW Common Good Large Fibrous Very good ' ssp. ligulijolia shrub Erect willow ' Sal ix goodd i ngi i SW Very common Good Large shrub Shallow Excellent GooddinCO willow Small tree to deep Salix hookeriana \W Common Good Large Fibrous Very good ' Hooker willow dense Salir humilis \, NE Very common Good Medium Fibrous Good Prairie willow shrub Salix lasidlepis W Common Good Medium Fibrous Very good ' .Arroya willow shrub 210-EFH. 1019 2) 13-11 Chapter lS Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Part 6W ' Protection and Erosion Reduction Enginevrtng F:e!d Handb.>ok Table 18-2 S-A bioengineering plant species—Continued ♦Nee t,a.•atwn Av ilabflay Habitat%alue Size form RLwt-%,v ability ' Salix fFm,natii W- Common Good Medium Fibrous Very good Lemmon willow shrub Salix lurida N. `E Very common Good Med-large Fibrous Very good ' shining willow shrub :s p, lasivrtd,o \«' Very•common Good Large shrub Fibrous Ver, good Pacific willow Small tree Salix l utea W Vey common Good ,lied-large Fibrous Very good ' fellow' wiJIOW shrub Salix nigra \. SE Very common Good Large shrub Shallow E.\Ce0ent ' Black willow Small tree to deep S-tfi.r purpurea N. S. E. Very conunon Very-good Medium Shallow %'en•good ' Streamco & W shrub Solix scouleriana NE Very common Good Large shrub Shallow Very good Scou lers willow Small tree Sal ix sitchensis `W Common Good Very large --- Very good Siika willow shrub ' Sali-r-t cotteti N, S, E, Uncommon Good Small Shallow- N•en•good Bankers willow g W shrub ' SolLr discolor N. NE Very common Good Large Shallow Very good Red willow- shrub Samburus cerulea W Common Very good Medium Fibrous Poor ' Blueberry elderberry shrub Samburus canodensis \E.SE Very-common Very good Medium Fibrous Good ' American elderberry shrub Sombucus racemosa \W Common Good Medium --- Good ' Red elderberry shrub ssp. pubens NE Common Very good Medium Deep Fair-good , Scarlet elder shrub laterals Spiraea albs V, E Common Good Small dense Dense Fair-good ' Meadowsweet spirea tree shallow lateral 15--12 (211}EFH. 10,921 ' Chapter IS Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Par.c::U Protection and Erosion Reduction Ers r.rv,¢F'.eld Narit��l Table 13-2 Coil bioengineering plant species--Continued Namp C oa ation A%ailabtlity Habitat value Size.fotmn Row qPt Rooting abdin ' from cumnv-� Spim.ea douglasii NW Common Fair Dense Fibrous Good Douglas spirea shrub suckering Spinaea tomentose NE Common Good Small Dense Fair Hardhack spirea shrub shallow Symphorica►p:-s albus N. IA'. Common Good Small Shallow Good ' Snowberry g E shrub fibrous l•ibumu»1 alniiotium \E Fairl% conunon Good Large Shallow Good Hubbiebush%ibunium shrub fibrous ' Vibu»ruin dentatunl E Conunon Good Medium Shallow Good Arro«u•ood %iburnum shrub, fibrous ' 1•iburuum lentago S. SE Fairk,common Good Large Shallow Fair-good \ann%berry%iburnum shrub 1 (210•EM. 10,g2) 1s-ts Chapter IS Soil Bioengineering for l'pland Slope part a�� Protection and Erosion Reduction Eneine.rine Fill-i Handt,,x�k Rooted plants and vegetative cuttings are living mate- failure are high. Suninier irutallation is not recom- rials and must be handled properly to a%•oid excess mended. Rooted plants can be used. but they are ' stress, such as drying or exposure to heat.They must sometimes less effecti,,;e and more expensive. be installed in moist soil and adequately covered. The soil must be compacted to eliminate or minimize air ill installations should be inspected regularly and pockets around the buried sterns. If soils are not at or provisions made for prompt repair if needed. Initial near moisture capacity. the installation must be de- failure of a small portion of a system normally can be laved unless deep and regular irrigation can be pro- repaired easily and inexpensively. Neglect of small tided during and following installation. failures, however. can often result in the failure of large portions of a system. Installation of soil bioengineering systems is best accomplished in the late fall at the onset of plant Properly designed and installed vegetative portions of dormancy. in the winter as long as the ground is not systems will become self-repairing to a large extent. frozen. or in early spring before growth begins. In Periodic pruning and replanting may be required to some cases installation after initial spring growth may maintain healthy and vigorous vegetation. Structural be successful if extreme care is used. but the risks of elements.such as cribw•alls. rock walls. and gabions. ' Figure l&-:3 Uve:take installation I DOMMEMMMUMMMM Cross section Not to♦tale —=lope surfat e , - �—•_'to:3 rest 2 to;3 feet (triang+ilarspacing) ' Uve cutting L°_to 1 L2 inches in diameter `o(e: Rootedleafed condition of the U%ing ' plant material is not representative of the time of trStanaaion- 13-•14 210-EFH. to/42) ' I -� :;_ • - � - ,J � ! ~`�+ ..fir .��-�� ,� �� ; r' �_ �� ~� 1_ _� �• �~`may- �� jv= �_r S ; •tea j 1. y�!��■ • - 1 -.-� ,�,y �•i.�La`;'.��TS.��"..��i {.Yips-t`-t:�a•-.�- - ::,�� ! ��s� �, � �� #�.t+` ' �:.+:i � '': ' +•��/!. .�f � •rye: •t� ! �"�►■�..��. • •d?.=;��.3�jr r�'r+�T k fr� �1 `• �`�.!' =#�y� tcsa�• z s L Ab � _ ` ./ -:t tom'`�.G�3-�� Nr ' _ psi �• ��.•>::.s�+�a. �,ij,'sry L'4,�y!�[= 7 r j:�� -,.��:.�. •� _ .� :j',rl�L•. • + • a .. •��q . �^• `j• �''�. � �� '� � '•rte s•�..� 1'`* '� '�y� � . il. ..y �i:� � �" � � �• J ;,��:ice• `.�- At IMP It V4 Jm ce • � it�+�•SI�� L`��'>>��`� �� -,� ^mod»• Chapter 13 Soil Bioengineering foi Upland Slope Pan iM Protection and Erosion Reduction Eni rn.-nne FIeW Han,it-v)k Live fascine (•�) Enhances vegetative estabiishntrnt by treating (1) Description—Live fascines are long bundles of a microclimate conducive to plant groAZh- branch cuttings bound together into sausage-like ' ;tructu res(fig. )8-7). (iii) Construction guidelines Lire►naterials—Cuttings must be from Species.such When cut from appropriate species and properly as young willows or shrub dogwoods. that root easily , installed with live and dead stout stakes, they will root and have long, straight branches. and immediately begin to stabilize slopes-They should be placed in shallow contour trenches on dry slopes Live material si<es and preparation ' :uld at an angle on wet slopes to reduce erosion and Cuttings tied together to form live fa_scine shallo%%-face Aiding. This system, installed by a trained bundles vary in length from •i to.Xj feet or crew. does not cause much site disturbance;fig. IS-S) longer. depending on site conditions and unuta tions in handling, (ii) Applications and effectit•eness The completed bundles should be d to -: inches • An effective stabilization technique for dopes. in diameter. with all of the gro%%ine rips ori- • Protects slopes from shallow slides(1 to_' foot ented in the same direction. Stagger the cut- dep(h). rings in the bundles so that tops are evenly • Inmiediately reduces surface erosion or rilling. distributed throughout the length of the uni • Suited to steep. rocky slopes. where digging is formly sized live f3scine. difficult. Live stakes should be 2 12 feet long in cut ' • Capable of trapping and holding soil on the slopes and.3 feet long in fill slopes. face of the slope, thus reducing a long slope into a series of shorter slopes. Figure 18-7 Fabrication of a live fascine bundle(Bobbin B.Sour&?t_ssocLve s photo) �r i r :s-IS ^_it}Em IGIR2) , = . - 4.151= �!`'� - • _ '• ��.., �. T.. '�'; y � ��i.-��.:.±sue.�'--•s•�i j ]]��//F�• _ �. �\ +.'. G yam`. �.,I��N ` -•D � ' ' S f'. %• _-tea_ -t. - IF T mow:. ,`. 'L,•�! �r':i� �ZC.ps: �•��ii.. L►Mari •�y`;��:a _�� -'::... .. - ��_-�•_:�,,,� +SQ s.! � ��r3��':-� � - • ��. Mw Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Par;ter) Protection and Erosion Reduction Enpnerrtr.¢Field Hlydbook , I►teri nlate?-ials—String used for bundling should be Drive the dead stout stakes directl y tl'n,ugh the untreated twine. live fascine every 2 to 3 feet along its length. Extra stakes should be used at connections or , Dead stout stakes used to secure the live fascines bundle overlaps. Lea%e the top of the stakes should be 2 V2-foot long. untreated,2 by 4 lumber. flush with the installed bundle. Each length should be cut again diagonally across the • Live stakes are generally installed on the 4-inch face to make two stakes from each length.Only downslope side of the bundle. Drive the live new,sound, unused lumber should be used,and any stakes below and agairm the bund]e between stakes that shatter upon installation should be dis- the preNiously installed dead stout stakes.The carded (rig. 13-9). live stakes should protrude 2 to 3 inches above the top of the Live fascine. Place moist soil Itrs tallation along the sides of the lire fascine.The top of • Prepare the live fast:ine bundles and live stakes the fascine should be slightly visible when the inunediately before installation. installation is completed(fig. 1S-10). • Beginning at the base of the slope.dig a trench on the contour just large enough to contain the Next.at intervals on contour or at an angle up the face ' live fascine. The trench will vary in width from of the bank, repeat the preceding steps to the top of 12 to 13 inches. depending on the angle of the the slope(table 13-,3). When possible.place one or slope to be treated.The depth A-W be 6 to 8 two rows over the top of the slope. inches.depending on the individual bundle's final size. Long straw or similar mulching material should be • Place the live fasciae into the trench. placed between rows on 2.5:1 or flatter slopes. while slopes steeper than 2.5:1 should have jute mesh or similar material placed in addition to the mulcts. Figure 18-9 A dead stout stake Table 18-3 lire fascine iasta:!adon guidelines ® st�t�ri Slope Slope distance Maximum slope ben.een trenches,R) leh(ft) T ngt ' I I i 1:1 to 1.5:1 3-4 15 1.5:1 to 2:1 4-5 20 2:1 to 2.5:1 5-6 30 2.5:1 to 3:1 6-8 40 3.5:1 to 4:1 8-9 50 4.5:1 to 5:1 9- 10 60 2 by 3 lumber Saw a 2 by 4 diagonally to produce 2 dead stout stakes Sot to scale ls-_0 (210-EF-H. IGM—) ' Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Pan(:VI Protection and Erosion Reduction Ereznv.rs¢Field Hati-lbook ' Figure 13--10 Live fa_:cine details ' Cross section Prt.+crjdrs•_;o 3 inches above bundle Mulching between fax ine cotes Slightly exposed after in_t Iation ' MoLst soil bacfftll—1 s �.•� J- Prepared trench —�� •_ ♦ c a: Slope surface Live fascine bundle : ✓ Lice stake !''•to 3-foot spacing between dead stout stakes) - •oce: Rooted leafed condition of the living Dead stout stake plant material is not representative of (?•to-1400t spacing along bundle) the time of in apt Lion. Live branches (stagger throughout bundle) Bundle (ti to 8 inches TN%ine in diameter) i 2l4 EFH. 10,'92) 1 S-':l Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Cpland Slope Pa Protection and Erosion Reduction E.co,-rrr, r.r;d Hb�.i►.)ole ' 3) Brushla , ( y'er (iii) Construction guidelines (i) Description—Brushlayering is somewhat similar Live inateTial sizes—Branch cutting,should be 1,'3 to to live fascine systems because both involve the cut- 2 inches in diameter and long enough to reach the , ting and placement of live branch cuttings on slopes. back of the bench. Side branches should remain intact The two techniques differ principally in the orientation for installation. of the branches and the depth to which they are placed ' in the slope. In brushlayering, the cuttings are oriented Installation more or less perpendicular to the slope contour Starting at the toe of the slope,benches should (fig. 13-11). The perpendicular orientation is more be excavated horizontally.on the contour,or ' effective from the point of view of earth reinforcement angled slightly down the slope, if needed to aid and mass stability of the slope. drainage. The bench-should be constructed 2 to 3 feet %ide. Brushlayering consists of placing live branch cuttings The surface of the bench should be sloped so in small benches excavated into the slope. The that the outside edge is higher than the inside benches can range from 2 to 3 feet wide.These sys- (fig. 1S-12). tems are recommended on slopes up to 2:1 in steep- Live branch cuttings should be placed tin the ' ness and not to exceed 1.3 feet in vertical height. bench in a crisscross or overlapping configura- Brushlayer branches serve as tensile inclusions or Lion. reinforcing units. The portions of the brush that pro- • Branch growing dps should be aligned toward trude from the slope face assist in retarding runoff and the outside of the bench. reducing surface erosion. • Backfill is placed on top of the t•ranche-s and compacted to eliminate air spaces. The brush (ii) .applications and effectiveness—Brushlayers tips should extend slightly beyond the fill to perform several inunediate functions in erosion con- filter sediment. trot,earth reinforcement, and mass stability of slopes: • Each lower bench is backMed with the soil • BreaJdng up the slope length into a series of obtained from excavating the bench above. , shorter slopes separated by rows of brushlayer. • Long straw or similar mulching material with • Reinforcing the soil with the unrooted branch seeding should be placed between rows on:3:1 stems. or flatter slopes, while slopes steeper than 3:1 ' • Reinforcing the soil as roots develop, adding should have jute mesh or similar material significant resistance to sliding or shear dis- placed in addition to the mulch. placement. The brushlayer rows should vary from:3 to • Providing slope stability and allowing vegeta- feet apart-depending upon the slope angle and live cover to become established. stability(table 18-t). • Trapping debris on the slope. • hiding infiltration on dry sites. : Drying excessively wet sites. Table 18-4 BnLshlaver irtaa don guidelines Adjusting the site's microclimate,thus aiding seed germination and natural regeneradon. • Redirecting and mitigating adverse slope seep- Slope Slope dim7ance bee-ftn benches ` \taumum slope age by acting as horizontal drains. Wet slopes trtl Dry slopes n i length krt) 2:1 to 2.5:1 3 3 15 , 2.5:1 to 3:1 3 4 15 3.5:1 to 4:1 4 5 20 M , 1 �' , -. 3 �.1 ! +� J - i � ��L1�=yam" �►s • `r��TZ s. saw` •..r: Jam_ '`.-ts < �� i a ��.q�trr �. ��.iP{,_Jy_'-��[-�`•_- �. �-r f.�'•7+M'�r�'t e'er;- �rte"-/-7'��-f'� `'�_ —�L •, �_ _ ?tt y'�'�� ' {.+•ice �,_.=.�„ --� . ;t�*-�`,'��.3s`+�•',,-'_*!s_- ��`�!'p yam'Etter�..�="� .�.. _.-'� ':-V �, �_�:� 7M'. �1Oy'�••xw'�•-ire I'�. ��."�`�•��'••--" :: 3��v ry •w yi:�i -i ice. �l�+i.i�•."'- r �a • dO 4._.-� si L .� • �` .try - i �� i�• ' "i_r ter. r�Yti. �A ~ �I ate. _.••..r ice•- �`r+•R: �^'Y �.r �j�.,• � .:. �• ,. ��j� �• •� '�'ti�r z may! • 4�n �s�`_ � - ` �. =��'3}.7•mac:.. y ? sari•'f 4�-�-�?�j�'�- +„ x At. -t It s�a.�s��. '?`•:��.7��. �!`` -�S!• =VIII. - _ .i_•'. �, _..- jam.' �!�.- - -�=�'c f. '•_- Ar �► _ ;'mot- � _ `` "�' -''•-•♦�,�+�9' :�_� sue= • *1' '-ate �� =3.-� >�„ .y f��s- 'a' � •. .,y-arka,� 3'�� ffs-`�_:'_�� .tom--i -tea •-s '_ .ter- '•'�'::'�- Wo- 1 1 Chapter IS Soil Bioenjineerina for Upland Slope Part 6;0 Protection and Erosion Reduction Engtneenne Field Hap-it~k Installation • The final installation should match the e.,dsting • Staning at the lowest point. drive the wooden slope. Branches should protrude only slightly stakes Vertically 3 to 4 feet into the ground. Set from the filled face. them 1 to 1 1%-2 feet apart. • The soil should be moist or moistened to insure • A layer of U%ing branches 4 to 6 inches thick is that Uve branches do not dry out_ placed in the bottom of the hole. between the ' vertical stakes. and perpendicular to the slope The lire branch cuttings serve as tensile inclusions for face(fig IS--14). They should be placed in a reinforcement once installed. As plant tops begin to crisscross configuration with the growing tips grow. the branchpacking system becomes increasingly generally oriented toward the slope face. Some effective in retarding runoff and reducing surface of the basal ends of the branches should touch erosion.Trapped sediment refills the loca:ized slumps the back of the hole or slope. or holes. while roots spread throughout the back-fill ' • Subsequent layers of branches are installed and surrounding earth to form a used mass «ith the ba al ends lower than the growing tips (fig. Branchpacking is not effecdve in slump Of the br:uiches. areas greater than 4 feet deep or 5 feet wide. • Each layer of branches must be followed by a layer of compacted soil to ensure soil contact with the branch cuttings. Figure 18-14 Branchpacking details Cross section Noc to;ca;e ' Branch cuttings should , prowde slightly from baceLU are a Live branch curdnp (113•to 24nch diameter) 4-to 6inch!aver of Uve branch ' tunings laid in crisscross conlguration%ith basal ends Compacted material lower than groNing tips and touching undisturbed soil at �_ wooden stakes back of hole. (s-to 8-foo(long.2 by 4 lumber. driven 3 to•t feet into ureisnabed soil) I Note: t to l 1.3 feet ' Rooted leafed condition of the U%ing plant material is not representathe of the time of installadon. ;�3d 214EFH. 1493) , �?_ � •may_.t� ?SL I r- " °a_ �..'�! r �-� 'nil - � I _: •!�. =;.rte �` •"� r - �i.w�c �'- +'�y s _ �� 157 a: eN• ti W;ar= s;;•: �enar �- ��-. !�� .�-"-jig•-- � �� +. AZZ Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Part N;) Protection and Erosion Reduction Et',Cr, crtn¢Firid Handtt- k , (S) Live gully repair (iii) Construction guidelines ' (i) Description—A Uve gully repair utilizes alter- Lire ►naterial sizes—Live branch currings may range nating layers of live branch cuttings and compacted from 12 inch to'3 inches in diameter. They should be , soil to repair iniall rills and gullies. Similar to long enough to touch the undisturbed soil at the back branchpacling. this method is more appropriate for of the rill or gully and extend slightly from the rebuilt the repair of rills and gullies. slope face. (ii) .applications and effectiveness Inert materials—Fill soil is compacted in alternate • The installed branches offer immediate rein- layers with live branch cuttings. , forcement to the compacted soil and reduce the velociry of concentrated flow of water. Installation • Pro%ides a titter harrier that reduces rill and Starting at the lowest point of the slope.place a (tilly erosion. 3-to 4-inch layer or branches at lowest end of ' • Limited io rl;_or,allies which are a ma-,dmum the rill or gully and perpendicular to the slope of 2 feet wode. 1 font deep. and 1.5 feet long. ("fig. 1S-16). Figure IS-16 L ve gut!} repair details moo... Cross section V�e branch cuttings—� 1-to''-mch diameter) t Compacted fill material 3 to 4-inch layer of live (6-to 3-inch!aver) branch cuttings laid in cnsscmw cor&guraaom Basal ends loser than ' V--U%9 tips and touchi►tS undisturbed sod on gay bed Gully bed Note: ' RooteMeared condition of the Living plant material not representadve of the time.of installaoori. 13 _'S ('_'1QEFH. 10,92) ' ' Chjpter IS Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Protection and Erosion Reduction Engiree•nne Fivid li.0•'!••-k ' • Co%er Kith a ti-to 3-inch lacer of fill soil. (i.i) Applications and effectiveness • Install the live branches in a crisscross fashion. This technique is appropriate at the base of a ' Orient the growing rips toward the slope face slope where a low Kull niac be required to with basal ends lower than the growing tips. stabilize the toe of the slope and reduce its • Follow each lacer of branches Kith a lacer of steepness. compacted soil to ensure soil contact Kith the Nor designed for or intended to resist large. lice branch cuttings. lateral eanh stresses. It should be constructed to a maximum of 6 feet in overall height, in- (6) Live cribwall cluding the excavation required for a stable (i) Description—a Live cribwall consists of a foundation. hollow, box-like interlocking arrangement of Useful where space is limited and a more untreated log or timber members. The structure is vertical structure is required. tilled Kith stiltable backfill material and lacers of Gve • Pro%ides immediate protection from erosion. branch cuttings which root inside the crib structure while established vegetation pr%ides long- and extend into the slope. Once the lice cuttings root terns stability. and become establi_hed. the subsequent vegetation • Should be tilted back or battered if the scstelli ' gradually takes over the structural functions of the is built on a smooth, events sloped surface. wood member-s i fig. 13-17). • Mav also be constructed in a stair-step fashion. Kith each successive course of timbers set back 6 to 9 inches toward the slope face from the pre%iouslc installed course. Figure 18-17 A live cribwa1l being installed,Rcbbtn B Sour d A sc+ca;es photo) 1 .r (21(}EFH. 1019r3) 1 -29 Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Part Protection and Erosion Reduction Engirerrtn¢F'irLl Harn!hhk (iii) Construction guidelines Place the next course of logs or umbers at right Live »tateriN sizes—Live branch cuttings should be angles 1 '' to? inches in diameter and long nough to reach g (perpendicular to the slope�on top of ' g the pre%ious course to o%erhang the front and the back of the wooden crib structure. back of the pre-ious course by 3 to 6 inches. from a !►te,t materials—Logs or timbers should ran Each course of the live cribwall is placed in the g same manner and nailed to the preceding ' to 6 inches in diameter or distension. The lengths will course with nails or reinforcement bars. vary with the size of the crib structure. • "hen the cribw•all structure reaches the rvst- L.1r¢e nails or rebar are required to secure the logs or o tgtground>�`abort,place h`•e branch cuttings , timbers together. Perpendicular to the slope:then cover the cuttings with backfill and compact. • Uve branch cuttings should be placed ai each Startin lrr�tnllot tin course to the top of the cribwall ;uucrure with • Starting at the lowest point of the slope. exca- growing tips oriented toward the slope face. gate loose material 2 to 3 feet below the ground Follow-each layer of branches with a laver of elevation until a stable foundation is reached. compacted soil to ensure soil contact «ith the • Excavate the back of the stable foundation Uve branch cuttings. Some of the basal ends of (closest to the slope):Ughtly-deeper than the the Uve branch cuttings should reach to undis- front to add stability to the structure. turbed soil at the back of the crib«all «ith • Place the first course of logs or timbers at the gro%%ing tips protruding sightly br;1;nd the ' front and back of the excavated foundation. front of the cribwall (rig. 1S-IS1. approximateh 4 to S feet apart and parallel to the slope contour. , 13-.30 ' 2 I(YEFH. 1042) Chapter 18 Soil Biuengineering for Upland Slope i'.AI -+1 Protection and Ero,.ion Reduction Eng:ne.-nn¢F:eid H3n0bMk ' Figure 23-IS U,e cribwall details Cross section U-e branch curdngs %.x:,;"e 11" to_-tech•bameter) ' Erosion control Timber or logs plantings (nailed together) Compacted rill material—7 1 `" Gm-und!Ise r :to ;: �. a to 3 feet •-� ' Ru(e: Reotri;e.t(ed r)ndidon of the lining plant mazes:s not representative of the tune of•r_talladon. 12 1 t)-EF H. 10,192) 15-31 •_ls' ►� �`.�, rte. .fj7�.,� i"�''3�l. �J+it. i� •�`_i � ' r.�_��:.- -i-�1Ia��it ��`�: � 1�' �0 , may �, �-�iT_x '^ `~'•' '_ dp OAF 7 11 It fp ub AD � .l1r ' ,�.a•�� Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for t'pland Slope P..,-t Protection and Erosion Reduction Enznerr a Firl:H. •:!•'rk ' Installation • Place backftll bemeen and behind the wire • Starting at the lowest point of the slope. exca- baskets. ' •ate loose material `?to.3 feet below the ground Place Uve branch cuttings on the wire baskets elevation until a stable foundation is reached. perpendicular to the slope with the growing • Excavate the back of the stable foundation tips oriented away from the slope and extend- t,ciosest to the slope)slightly deeper than the ing slightly beyond the gabions. The Uve cut- , front to add stability to the structure.This will tings must extend beyond the backs of the wire pro%ide additional stability to the structure and baskets into the fill material. Place soil over the ensure that the living branches root well. cuttings and compact it- ' Place the fabricated wire baskets in the bott om Repeat the construction sequence until the of the excavation and Fill with rock. structure reaches the required height (fig. IS-20). Figure 13-20 Vegetated rock gahion details ' Cross section Erosion control \-W to x a!r plantings Compacted fill material l `1V Uve branch cuttings (42-to 1-inch diameter) • _ Gabion baskets Ground line 3 to:3 feet Note: Rootemeated condition of the li%ing plant material is not representative of the time of installation. ' (210-EF H.10,g3) t Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Part o:u Protection and Erosion Reduction E._tr. rtr•g F-14 Handba:k ' (3) Vegetated rock wall Excavate the minimum amount from the exist- , (r) Description—A ,-egetated rock wall is a combi- ing slope to pro%ide a suitable recess for the nation of rock and Uve branch cuttings used to stabi- wall. , lize and protect the toe of steep slopes. Vegetated rock • Pro-Ode a well-drained base in locadons subject walls differ from conventional retaining structures in to deep frost penetration. that they are placed against relatively undisturbed • Place rocks with at least a three-point bearing ' earth and are not intended to resist large lateral earth on the foundation material or underlying rock pressures. course.They should also be placed so that their center of gra%ity is as low as possible. with , (ii) .Applications and effectireness their long axis slanting inward toward the slope • This system is appropriate at the base of a if possible. slope where a low wall may be roquired to When a rock wall is coa uttcted adjacent to an stabilize the toe of the slope and reduce its impenious surface. place a drainage sy_:em at , steepness. the back of the foundation and outside toe of • Useful where space is limited and natural rock the wall to pro-,ide an appropriate drainage is available. outlet. ' • Overall height of the rock wall, including the (iii) Construction guidelines footing. should not exceed•5 feet. Lice material sizes—Live cuttings should have a • A wall can be corsructed Kith a sloping bench diameter of 1 2 to 1 inch and be long enough to reach behind it to pro%ide a base on which Uve ' beyond the rock structure into the till or undisturbed branch cuttings can be placed during construc- soil behind. tion. Live branch cuttings should also be tamped or placed into the openings of the rock ' Ine+T +nateriils—Lnert materials consist of rocks and wall during or after construction.The butt ends fill material for the wall constntction. Rock used of the branches should extend into the backfill should normally range from S to 24 inches in diameter. or undisturbed soil behind the wall ' Larger boulders should be used for the base. The live branch cuttings should be oriented grow- Installation perpendicular to the slope contour with grow- g tips Protruding slightly from the finished • Starting at the lowest point of the slope. re- rock wall face(fig. 18-21). ' move loose soil until a stable base is reached. This usually occurs 2 to 3 feet below ground elevation. Excavate the back of the stable ' foundation(closest to the slope)slightly deeper than the front to add stability to the structure. , I`34 (2 taEF-i. lW2) , ' Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Pan o� Protection and Erosion Reduction EM.Meering Field Handbook ' Figure 13-21 Vegetated rock wall details s. Cross section Not to scale OO 11?� L: Chiginal slope �� face(cut) Oo Rooted stock ' Backfrll material .t O R�x•k placed With 16 barter and :}point bearing Rock aaU i rnas. Woo(he!ght) tj.e branch cuttings ' 112•to I-inch dLuneter) Ground lire 00 0 Oo O 2 to 3 feet Noce- O O O o O. Rooted leafed condition of the lT%W plant tnaurial is not rrPnmentmwe o! the time of insullatioa ' 12lO-EF H. 10/92) IS45 Chapter IS Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Part oxi ' Protection and Erosion Reduction Erttnernre F-ieW Hart!NvA (9) Joint planting (iii) Construction guidelines (i) Description—Joint planting or Vegetated riprap Live material sizes—The cuttings must have side ' involves tamping live cuttings of rootable plant mate- branches removed and hark intact. They shooid range rial into,soil between the joints or open spaces in in diameter from 1'2 inch to 1 12 inches and be suffi- rocks that have pre%iously been placed on a slope ciendy long to extend into soil below the rock surface. (fig. 18-22).Alternatively. the cuttings can be tamped ' into place at the same time that rock is being placed Installatian on the slope face. Tamp Uve branch cuttings into the openings of the rock during or after constmcdon. The butt ' (ii) .Applications and effectiveness ends of the branches should extend into the • Used Where rock riprap is required. backfill or undisturbed soil behind the riprap. • Root,improve drainage by remo%ing soil • Orient the Uve branch cutting_ per}end;c._iar to ' moisture. Over time. they create a H%ing root the slope with growing tips protruding slJ htl% neat in the soil base upon which the rock has from the finished face of the r(xk•.FQ. IS-24). been placed. The root systems of this mat help to bind or reinforce the soil and to prevent ' washout of fines between and below the rock units tfig. 1S-23). Figure 18-22 A newly establrhed joint planting stake iRobtLn B.Sour&associates photo) ' 82. Z.VN Ilk `,.• '� "�-»4t � .'::��'�`•� `-�4 � .t�•s.—`,cry _ �:�`-' •f .(`'ter¢c.�.t� '•l.�•. s-. - :�i�::t i�•_'' _ ' :� 1 s-b I a EFx. 10.921 ' i �• t AL ir ±ate=-i..= .�.r�s,. i� •�•„c � ,� r :t '��••:I-; b Pis '-^ +.w J� j '.+ �s � mss: + 7 i+ � -�yj � •• 1 �� •"': tip- •f L z ft I • j •te=a �- •� - �t�. 1. .ti rJ ;•. Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Pan 6io , Protection and Erosion Reducdon Encirrer e F`tr!d Handbook Figure 18-23 Joint planting details ' Cross section Not to scale Uve stake ' (L?•to I L?-inch diameter) Existing rock Slope surface or riprap ' t 0 O• Note: ' Rooted.leafed condition of the li%ing plant material Ls not representative of the ame of installation. ' i 1 13-=38 (2I 0-E Flt. 10.93) ' Chapter IS Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope P.r 6-! Protection and Erosion Reduction En,nrrrnr.g Fi"Handbook (c) Soil bioengineering materials systems and are being producer)conunercially. The most desirable species and culdvars to use can be (1) Locating and selecting plant materials determined from specification_ for critical area stabili. ' (i) Commercial sources—Commercially grown iation for each state. plant materials are suitable sources of vegetation for use in soil bioengineering systems; however. it is The informadon on plant tolerances in table IS--5 should necessary to allow adequate lead time for their pro- be used in selecting species appropriate for adverse site ' curement and delivery. conditions. Plant mazetials specialists are closely irt- volved with the testing of plants and can assist with up- The SCS Plant Materials Program has selected supe- to-date information on cultivar adaptation. rior cultivars ofµillows. dogwoods. and other species. which have been evaluated in_oil bioengineering Table 13-5 Plant tolerance N.►me Location Availability Tolerance to T-Aer nce to to Salt deposition t !lt-.r:u g- dI40£'.:, tolerance l Acer!egundo N. NE Conunon High High High Medium Boxelder ' xnus rubra `W Very-common High NletEum Loa' Low Red alder Baccharis glutinoso W Common Medium High Medium Low Water wally Bacchoris halimifolia S. SE Common Medium High Medium Medium Eastern baccharis Baccharis pilularis W Very common Medium Medium High Medium Coyotebrush Baccharis Viminea W Very common High High High Medium Mule fat Betula papyrifera N. E. Common Meditun Medium Medium Medium Paper birch & W Bet ula pu m ila N, E, Conunon Low --- --- Low Low birch & W Corrius amomum V,SE Very common Low Medium titedium Low Silky dogwood See footnotes at end of table. t210•EFit. 10,'92)- 15--39 Chapter l8 Soil Bloengineering for Upland Slope Part iv Protection and Erosion Reduction Ervr. ^Q FA-1 Han!Nrk Table 13-3 Plant tolerance—Continued sdwmm� Name Location A ar:ability Tolerance to Tolerance to Tolerance to Salt ' deposition t flooding: drought toterar,"+ Cornus racemosa `E Common Medium Medium High Loa , Gray dogwood Cone us rugosa NE Common --- --- --- --- Rorindleaf dogwood Contus se,-icea N. NE. Very common Low High Medium Low ssp. stolonifet-a $ NW Red osier dog.ood Cr!rtaegus Sp. SE Uncommon \tedium Low High Low i Ha,.%ihom Elaeagnus co,nrnutata N. Cent. Very Common High Low High Medium ' Sihverberry Ligustrum sittense S. SE Common High Medium Medium Low , Chinese privet Lonicem int•olucrata E Common Medium Medium Low Love Black m-inberry Physoearpus eapitatus NW, W Common Low %tedium Low Love Pacific ninebark Physocarpus opulifolius \E Common Lox' Medium Medium Medium Common ninebark Populus angustifolia W Common Medium Medium High Medium .-rrowleaf cottonwood Populus balsam{fera NW Comm_ on Medium Medium Medium Medium ssp. t richoca rpa Black cottonwood Populus delto ides NI W, E Very common Medium High Medium Love Eastern cottonwood Populus fremontii SW Very common Medium Medium Medium Medium Fremont cottonwood See footnotes at end of table. ' ts-�o r:2lae�t. la�l ' Chapter IS Soil Bioengineering for Vpland Slope Part 64 Protection and Erosion Reduction Er•g r.eerrg F'.eld Hindbook Table 13-3 Plant tolerance—Continued dune Location A%mlabWry Tolerance to Tolerwce to Tolerance to Salt deposition t [loadutg- dn•,ght; tolerance+ Populus lremuloides N;W Very Medium Low Medium Medium Quaking aspen common Robinia pseudoacacia NE Common Medium Loa' High High Black locust Rubus allegheniensis \E Very common Medium \tedium Nle jum Low kilecheny blackberry Rubus spectabilis SIV. \1V Very common Medium .Medium Medium Low Salmonberry Rubus s0 igosus N. NE. Very common Medium Low Medium Low Red ra`pbem' & W Salix e.rigua NW Fairly High High Medium Low ' Coyote willow common ssp. interior \, SE Common High High Low High Sandbar,A-Wow Salir amygdaloides N,S Common High High Loa' High Peachleaf willow- , Sa1Lr bonplandiana W& Very common \tedium Medium Low --- Pussy"-chow MW' Salzr ericcephala NW Common High High Medium Low ssp. l igul ijol is Erect willow Salirgooddingii SW Very common High Medium \tedium Low Goodding willow Salir hookeriana \W Common High High Loa Medium Hooker willow Salir humilis v, \E Very common Medium Medium High Low Prairie willow Salir lasiolepis W Common High High \tedium Low Arroya willow See footnotes at end of table. ' (?laEFH. IOR_') 15-41 Chapter Is Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope par•?its Protection and Erosion Reduction En�nrr:-.t F.eW Hrr-INvk ' Table 13-5 Plant tolerance —Continued same LAxation Availability Tolerance to Tolerance to 7cderan,-e to Sah deposition L flooding- dr*x:.%ht• t!•lirance SalLr tern monii W Common High High Medium Low , Lemmon willow Salir lucida N. NE Very common Medium Medium Medium Low Shining willow ssp. lasiandra N", Vey common High High Low Low- Pacific willow Jali.r III lea W Very common Medium Medium Medium Low YeHow• %-Wow Sali.r itigra N. SE Very common High High Medium Medium Black willow Salir purpurea N. S. E. Very common High High Medium Low. Streamco & 1%. ' SalLr scouleriana NE Very common High High Medium Low Scoulers willow SalLr sitchensis NW Common High Medium Medium Low Sitka willow Satin X cot teti N. S. E. Uncommon High High Medium Low Bankers willow• & W SalLr discolor \, NE Very common High High High Medium Red willow Sambucus cerulea W Common Medium Medium Medium Low , Blueberry elderberry Sambucus canadensis `E, SE Very common High Medium Medium Loa American elderberry Sambucus racemosa \W Common Ntedium Low Medium Low Red elderberry ssp. pubens NE Common \tedium Medium Medium Low Scarlet elder See footnotes at end of table. :�, �210.EF1. 10,4>> Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Part 6W ' Protection and Erosion Seduction Er.gL,rung F;t-W-!.L-ti.itv)k Table 13-3 Plant tolerance—Continued \acne Location Availability Tolerance to Tolerance to Tolerance to Salt deposition t flc xiing= drought, tolerance Spiraea alba N. E Common Low Medium Medium --- Meadow•sw•eet spirea Spiraea dotrglasii \lip Common Medium Ntedium Medium Loa Douglas spirea ' Spiraea tomentoso \E Common Medium Medium Medium Medium Hardhack spirea SyrnphorEcappos albus N. Nei. Common Low Lott' High High Snow-berry & E Viburnum alnijolittm \E Fairly common --- --- --- --- ' Hubbiebush%iburnum Vibunturn dentatum E Common Medium Medium Medium Low A4Toww•ood%iburnum Viburnum lentago S. SE Fairly conunon Medium Love Medium Loa `annyberry�,iburntun L Tolerance to deposition—Regrowth from shallow coverage by soil(stream deposits.soil slips). High. Medium.or Ww ability for regrowth. Tolerance to flooding: • High—severely damaged after 10 to'30 days of flooding. • Medium severely damaged after 6 to 10 days of flooding. ' • Low—severely damaged after Ito S days of flooding. 3 Tolerance to drought—Resistance to drought(relative to native vegetation on similar sites)is High.Medium,or Low. i Salt tolerance—Tolerance(relative to salt tolerant native vegetation on similar sites)is High.Medium.or Izw. 1 S (2(0-EF-rL 10,93) 15-43 Chapter l8 Soil Bioen&eering for Upland Slope Part +n Protection and Erottion Reduction Eng:r.e rare Feld Htrn:htk ' (ii) Harvesting indigenous species—Correct]v should be promptly placed in controlled storage a condi- selected indigenous species har ested from existing tions and protected until they can be irLstalled. When stands of li%ing woody vegetation are the preferred in storage. the cuttings must receive continuous shade. ' soil bioengineering materials. The use of indigenous must be sheltered from the Kind.and mint be continu- live materials requires careful selection.harvesting. ously protected from drying by being heeled into moist handling.and transporting.They should result in soils or stored in uncontaminated water. all live cut- p'ants that have deep and strong root systems,are tings should be removed from storage and used within relatively inexpensive.are usually effective. and can 2 day's of harvest. be installed quickly. (2) Installing plant materials Lire plant materials can be cut from existing native or (i) Timing—Installation of live cutrir.gs should naturalized stands found near the project site or within begin concurrently with earth mo%ing operations if practical hauling distance. The source site must con- they are c:uried out during the d,�rrtantt season.all ' twin plant species that «ill propagate ea`il from construction operations should be ph;ued together cuttings. Cuttings are normally 1 '' to 3 inches in w'henev'er possible. The Best time for installation of diameter and range in length from ? to 6 feet. soil bioengineering systenis is during the dormant ' season. which generally occurs from September to Chain saw's. bush axes. Toppers. and pruners are March throughout most of the United _Cates. Each recommended for curting U%ing plant material. Safer' geographic area has a specific dormant season Kithira precautions must be followed when using these tools. this broad range.and yearly Variations should be taken Onsite plait material should be harvested Kith great into account. care. In some places a large area can be cut. but other sites require selective cueing. Cuts should be made at (ii) Planting medium—Soil bioenzineering a blunt angle.S to 10 inches from the ground. to assure projects ideally use orsite stockpiled topsoil as the that the source sites will regenerate rapidly and in a planting medium of choice. Gravel is not a suitable healthy manner. The harvesting site should be left material for use as fill around live plant materials. Soil ' clean and tidy. Remnant materials that are too large bioengineering systems need to be installed in a plant. for use in soil bioengineering projects should be ing medium that includes fines and organic material chipped or left in piles for wildlife cover. a site may be and is capable of supporting plant growth. Muddy soils needed again for future han'esting and should be left that are other"ise suitable should not be used until ' in a condition that Kill enhance its potential for regen- they have been dried to a workable moisture content. eradon. Heavy clays should be mixed with organic soils to increase porosity.Select soil backfill does not need to ' Binding and storage—Live cuttings should be be organic topsoil. but it must be able to support plant bundled together securely at the collection site for growth. easy loading and handling and for protection during , transport. Side branches and brushy limbs should be Soil samples of the onsite materials should be taken kept intact. prior to installation of live woody cuttings. Soil samples should also be taken of all fill materials that Transporting—The bundles of live cuttings should be are brought to the site prior to use. Nutrient testing by , placed on the transport Vehicles in an orderly fashion an approved laboratory should include analyses for a to prevent damage and facilitate handling.They should full range of nutrients. metal contents.and pH.The be covered with a tarpaulin during transportation to laboratory reports should also include recommended prevent drying and additional stress. fertilizer and time amendments for woody plant mate- rials. Ha ndl i ng—Live cuttings should arrive on the job site ' within 8 hours of harvest and should be installed all fill soil around the live vegetative cuttings should immediately.This is especially critical when the ambi- be compacted to densities approximating the sur- ent temperature is.50 T or above. rounding natural soil densities.The soil around plants should be free of voids. Live cuttings not installed on the day they arrive :5--44 "210-EF H. 10192 1 , i Chapter 18 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope part 650 - ' Protection and Erosion Reduction Enaneerine Feld H.Ln ibex)k L.' (3) Quality control (4) Establishment period Maintaining quality control throughout installation and (i) Interim inspections—Inspections should be maintenance operations will ensure a successful soil made after the soil bioengineering measures have been bioengineering project. The following guidelines are installed. The following schedule is recommended: recommended: ' Inspect biweekly for the first?months. Inspec- (i) Pre-construction tions should note insect infestations,soil moil- • Select plant species for conformance to re- ture,and other conditions that could lead to _ quirements. poor survivability. Immediate action,such as • Locate and secure source sites for harvesting the application of supplemental water,should live cuttings or commercial procurement. be taken if conditions warrant. • Define construction work area limits. Inspect monthly for the neat 6 months. Systems • Fence off sites requiring special protection. not in acceptable growing condition should be • Complete and inspect the following prepara- noted and.as soon as seasonal conditions Lions: permit. should be removed from the site and — Layout replaced with materials of the same species — Excavation.systems excavation and sizes as originally specified. — Bench size.shape. angle Needed reestablishment work should be per- - Preparation of site: i.e..clearing. formed every 6 months during the initial 2-year grading, and shaping establishment period.This %%-ill usually consist — Disposal of excess gravel, soil,and debris of replacing dead material. — Depth of excavation Extra inspections should always be made ' — Vegetation to be removed/preserved during periods of drought or heavy rains. — Stock-piling of suitable soil and/or rock Damaged sections should always be repaired immediately. (ii) Construction • Inspect each system component,at every stage, (ii) Final inspection—a final inspection should be for the following: held 2 years after installation is completed. Healthy — :angle of placement and orientation of the growing conditions should exist live cuttings — Bacl fill material rock and stone material Healthy growing conditions in all areas refer to — Fertilizer, method and quantity applied overall leaf development and rooted stems — lime, method and quantity applied defined as follows: — Preparation of trenches or benches in cut Live stakes 0�100%growing and fill slopes Live fascines 200,6-60%growing — Staking Live cribwall 3();, i' 'growing — Ong Brushlayers 40a;.�--,0%growing — Stock handling and preparation Branchpacking 40�i 096 growing — Soil compaction Live gully repair 3014,50%growing — Watering Vegetated rock wall — growing • Ensure that proper maintenance occurs during egetated gabion X06096 growing and after installation. Joint planting—.500,&-70%growing - • Inspect daily for quality control. Growth should be continuous with no open — Check all cuttings; remove unacceptable spaces greater than 2 feet in linear systems. material and use fresh stock for replace- Spaces 2 feet or less will fill in without hamper- ment installations. ing the integrity of the installed living system. — Continuously check all items in the preconstruction and construction inspec- (S) Maintaining the system tion lists. After inspection and acceptance of the established — Inspect the plant materials storage area system. maintenance requirements should be minor when it is in use. under normal conditions. Maintenance generally (210-EFI-L 10192) 15-4 5 Chapter L8 Soil Bioengineering foc Cpiand Slope Pan 6:5U , Protection and Erosion Reduction EnYineerinQ Field Handbook consists of light pnuiing and removal of undesirable buttressing effect.In the case of low walls, it all vegetadon. Hea%y pruning ing may be required to reduce regrading of the slope face to a more stable angle competition for light or stimulate new growth in the without excessive retreat at the crest.Vegetation project plantings. In many situatio ns. installed soil bioengineering systems become source sites for future slope prone the crest rest of the wall and the face of the harvesting operations.The selective removal of ve - gainst erosion and shallow sloughing. g In the case of tiered structures,the roots of woody etadon may be required to eliminate undesirable within the struc- plants grow into the soil and backfill invading rsspecies that should be cut out every 3 to i ture,binding them together.The foliage in front covers the structure and enhances its appearance. , More intensive maintenance will sometimes be re- These systems are not soil bioengineering structures. quired to repair problem areas created by high inten- as their plant materials represent little or no reinforce- Sky storms or other unusual conditions. Site washouts ment value to the structure. should be repaired immediately. Generally. reestab- lishment should take place for a 1-year period follow- I ing construction completion and consist of the folio -follow- (1) Low wall slope face plantings (i) Description—A low retaining structure at the ing practices: foot of a slope makes it possible to flatten the slope and establish vegetation. Vegetation on the face of the • Replacement of branches in dead unrooted slope protects ects a�ainst both surface erosion and shat- • Soil refilling, branchpacling, and compacting lo`ti'face sliding(fig. 1S-O.5). in rills and gullies • Weed control Insect and disease control (ii) Materials and installation—Several basic • �i types of retaining structures can be employed as low- , walls.The simplest P type is a grarity wall that resists lateral earth pressures by its weight or mass.The Gullies, rills,or damaged sections should be repaired follow-in through the use of healthy,live branch cuttings prefer- fied as gravity walls:retaining structures can be classi- ably installed during the dormant season.The repair should use the branchpacking system for large breaks • Masonry and concrete wails and the live gully repair system for breaks up tot feet • Crib and bin walls wide and 2 feet deep. If the dormant season has Cantilever and counterfort walls passed,the use of rooted stock may be considered. • Reinforced earth and geogrid walls In addition,each of these can be modified in a variery (d) Vegetated structures of ways to fit nearly any condition or requirement. A low wall with vegetated slope is shown Vegetated structures consist of either low walls or For further discussion of standard engineering ut figure 13- revetments(concrete or rock and mortar)at the foot requirements and specifications see Nonal ngi design of a slope with plantings on the interposed benches.A neering Handbook,section 6. structure at the foot of a slope protects the slope - - against undermining or scouring and provides a slight - 1S-16 (210-EFH.JW2) �t-L ` _9' ` X11 � -�♦'�:7�?1 b: •► � r \7 �i . . . . . . . .. . i •`e All jow lift � _�,• � s'• � }► � 3 a-� _ .� _r. -� L - �sue,:. _ Y as�'�°� -�J1.i+"yam ,, � �' .d � e;`_ _. ��. � r� • �~y► •'fir��-��•: J�+a ) � -.. .��►�.. Chapter 18 Glossary._ _. Batter The angle of the front face of a retaining suucture with respect to a vertical plane. Bench A horizontal surface or step in a slope. Buttressing lateral restraint provided by earth or rock masses and embedded structural columns,such as piles and well-rooted tree trunks. Brushlayer Live branch cuttings laid in crisscross fashion on benches between succes- sive lifts of soil. Concrete cribwall A hollow,structural wall formed out of perpendicular and interlocking concrete beams. r ( Cut face The open,steep face of an excavated slope. Cutting A branch or stem pruned from a living plant. Crib structure A hollow-structure constructed of mutually perpendicular. interlocking beams or elements. Dead stout stake A 2 by 4 timber that has been cut into a specific shape and length. 1 — Face planting Planting live cuttings and other vegetation in the frontal openings of retain- ing structures. Gabion A wire mesh basket filled with rock that can be used in multiples as a ` structural unit Grade stabilization The maintenance.of a gentle,noneroding gradient on a watercourse or land surface.This is usuall y accomplished by means of structural measures or by regrading(lengthening)the slope. ' Gravity retaining walls Retaining structures that resist lateral earth forces and overturning prima- ' rily by their weight. Grid gall A lattice or grid-like array of timbers that are fastened or anchored to a slope.The grid spaces are filled with topsoil and then seeded or planted. Joint planting The insertion of live branch cuttings between openings or interstices of j rocks,blocks,or other inert armor units and into the natural ground. Lateral earth pressure The horizontal pressure exerted by soil against a retaining structure. Live cribwall A hollow,structural wall formed out of mutually perpendicular and inter- locking members,usually timber,in which live cuttings are inserted through the front face of the wall into the crib fill and/or natural soil behind the wall. Live branch cuttings Living,freshly cut branches of woody shrub and tree species that propagate from cuttings embedded in the soil. IS-5 i Chapter 1S Soil Bioengineering for Cpland Slope Pan 67A Protection and Erosion Reduction Engineering Field Handbook , Live fascines Bound,elongated sausage-like bundles of live cut branches that are placed in shallow trenches,partly covered with soil.and staked in place to arrest ' erosion and shallow mass wasting. Live stake ' `�Cuttings from lining branches that are tamped or inserted into the earth. The stakes eventually root and leaf out. , Mass movement =The movement of large,relatively intact masses of earth and/or rock along a well defined shearing surface as a result of gra%ity and seepage. Mass wasting See'Mass movement." Reinforced earth Strengthening of a soil fill by utilizing tensile inclusions,such as metal , strips, woody fibers,wire mesh, or fabric. Shallow mass movement Nenr-surface sliding or movement of earth and'or rock masses usually along planar failure surfaces parallel to the slope face. Slope flattening Reduction in slope angle by excavation and regrading in order to achieve a more stable slope. Soil arching Restraint of soil movement through an opening or gap as a result of transfer of shear stress from the deforming(or mo%ing)soil mass to adjacent sta- tionary(nonyielding)portions of the soil. Soil bioengineering Use of live,woody vegetative cuttings to repair slope failures and increase slope stability.The cuttings serve as primary structural components.drains. and barriers to earth movement Steel bin wall Hollow wall sections constructed of steel that are bolted together and filled ' with rock or gravel to serve as a gravity retaining wall Stepped-back reinforced wall A reinforced earth retaining wall in which successively higher portions of ' the wall are set back from the front in stepped fashion. Surface armoring - Placement of an armor layer,composed of rock, brush matting,gabion mattresses,stabilized earth,etc.,on the ground surface. Tiered retaining Ball Retaining structures in which successively higher portions of the structure structures are set back from the front in stepped fashion. Crib,gabion,and reinforced earth walls can be erected in this fashion. Toe wall A low,structural wall erected at the toe or base of a slope to provide sup- port and protect against undermining. Undermining The removal of lateral support at the base of a slope by scour,piping ero- sion,or excavation. Vegetative cuttings 'Live,cut stems and branches of plants that will root when embedded or inserted in the ground. - 1s-52 (314EFK lo.9•?) , r— R Chapter 19 Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Part 6550 Protection and Erosion Reduction Engineering Field Handbook L ' Vegetated earth buttress An earthen mass placed against the base or toe of the slope to improve stability. Vegetation can be planted on the face of the buttress or introduced F into the buttress in the form of brushlayets. ' Vegetative measures The use of live cuttings.seeding,sodding.and transplanting in order to t establish vegetation for erosion control and slope protection work '! Vegetated rock gabions See"Vegetated structures." IVegetated rock walls See"Vegetated structures."— Vegetated structures A retaining structure in which Going plant materials,cuttings,or transplants have been integrated into the structure. Vegetated structural Porous revetments,e.g..a gabion mattress or riprap, into which Hve plants revetments or cuttings can be placed or inserted. �I r (°_10-EF H.10:92) Wo AzAijA c- M4ru PAW1- 3 . Construction and Material Handling Guidelines 1 1 This section gives an overview of the typical plant species used for soil bioengineering projects. In addition,methods for selecting cutting sites and handling live plant material are included. Plant Species for Soil Bioengineering P 9 9 Tables 10.13 and 10.14 present information found in Soil'Bioengineering for Upland Slope Protection in Engineering Field Handbook, USDA(1992).The tables have been modified to include only those plant species common in Ontario.They provide'guidelines for selecting plant ' species. In general, it is preferable to use plants that root easily from cuttings for the soil bioengineering structures in this manual. Rooted stock from species that do not root will from cuttings,may be used to augment the project.The use of rooted stock for the entire project is another option that merits serious consideration, and it is discussed further in the section the Use of Rooted Stock later.- Selecting the Harvest Site After selecting appropriate plant species,the project team must locate a source for live material. The harvest site should be as close to the project site as possible.Normally,the harvest site should have sufficient access to allow plant materials to be cut and carried to a truck for transport Sites which ' have been previously used to harvest cuttings are generally good prospects for suitable material. They usually provide a good supply of rapidly regenerating new shoots within the optimum 12 to 50 mm diameter range.Cuttings from these shoots offer the best potential for root production. Harvesting Plant Materials Cuttings are normally harvested with chainsaws, axes or pruners.After cutting the plant, materials are placed in bundles and bound with twine for transport.It is important to note that for optimum results plant material should be cut and installed on the project on the same day, if possible.Since the plant species used for soil bioengineering projects are typically found in wetland type areas, it is important to check with the Ministry of Natural Resources and the local conservation authority to determine if there are any constraints to entering the wetland to carry out the harvest.Typical concerns could include impacts on migratory species,as well as local plant and animal species. 23 1 MTO Drainage Management Manual Table 10.13: Plant Tolerance Name: Deposition Flooding.' . Drought ' Tolerance Tolerance Tolerance Tolerance Berula papyrifera Medium Medium Medium Medium ' Paper birch Corn=racemosa Medium Medium High Low Gray dogwood Corpus sericea Low High Medium Low ssp. stolonifera ' Red osier dogwood Crataegus Sp. Medium Low High Low Hawthorn ' Physocarpus opulifollus Low Medium Medium Medium Common ninebark Populus deltoides Medium High Medium Low Eastern cottonwood Robin pseudoacacia Medium Low High High ' Black locust Rubus strigosus Medium Low Medium Low 1 Red raspberry up. interior High High Low High Sandbar willow ' Salo bonplandfana Medium Medium Low -- Pussy willow ' Saltr nigra High High Medium Medium Black willow Sambucus canadensis High Medium Medium Low ' American elderberry Sambucus racemosa Medium Low Medium Low ' Red elderberry Viburnwn lentago Medium Low Medium Low Nannyberry viburnum 24 Chapter 10: Introduction to Soil Bioengineering Table 10.14: Soil Bioengineering Plant Species ' Name - _.. : . Habitat --Size/Form Root Type Rooting Value , = Cuttitie Betula papyrifera Good Tree Fibrous Poor ' Paper birch shallow Cornus racemosa Very good Medium/small Shallow Good , Gray dogwood shrub Cornus sericea Very good Medium/small shallow Very good ssp stolonifera shrub ' Red osier dogwood Crataegus Sp. Good Small dense Tap root Fair Hawthorn tree , PhysocarTW opulifolius Good Medium/high Shallow lateral Fair/good Common ninebark shrub ' Populus deltoides Good Large tree Shallow Very good Eastern cottonwood Robin seudoacacia Very good Tree Shallow Good , Black locust Rubus strigosues Very good Small shrub Fibrous Good ' Red raspberry ssp. interior Good Large shrub Shallow to Fair/good , Sandbar willow deep Salir bonplandian Good Medium shrub Fibrous Very good Pussy willow ' Salir nigra Good Large shrub/ Shallow to Excellent Black willow all tree deep Sambucus canadensis Very good Medium shrub Fibrous Good American elderberry Sambucuu racemosa Good Medium shrub — Good ' Red elderberry Viburnum lentago Good Large shrub Shallow Fair/good Nannyberry viburnum 25 ' MTO Drainage Management Manual Transporting the Live Material The bundles of cuttings should be transported to the project site as soon as feasible after cutting. It ' is important to cover the material during transport to minimize the drying effect on the cuttings. If necessary, live materials can be stored on site in a pond over night,although immediate installation after harvest is preferred.There have been reports of beavers removing material overnight. ' Soil Conditions With any soil bioengineering system,soil fertility is critical for success. Topsoil provides a healthy ' growing medium if available. Since a high degree of contact between soil and plant material is required,uniformly graded gravels are not recommended,as there may be voids that are difficult to fill. It tends to be difficult to achieve sufficient compaction when using wet clay soil. i Construction ' It is important that construction is overseen by someone familiar with soil bioengineering techniques, particularly for the more complicated structures. The Use of Rooted Stock ' This section is drawn from written correspondence from Tribble(1995).An alternative approach to using live cuttings is the use of rooted stock.A number of commercial growers provide the 1 appropriate plant materials.The use of rooted stock offers the following advantages: • Higher survivability and growth rate can be expected. • A wider range of species can be employed within the planting scheme, since species that are 1 more difficult to root under field conditions would not be ruled out. Greater species diversity would allow the planting group to survive larger fluctuations in growing stresses and would add to its visual and environmental diversity. ' There would be a guaranteed source and quantity of material contracted prior to use. • The material could be held and shipped from cold storage in damp sawdust to accommodate delays due to weather or construction progress. ' There would be a reduction in potential habitat disruption which can occur when harvesting crews are sent into wetland areas during the spring. • Sizable orders of rooted native stock would foster this novel aspect within the nursery trade, making future supply more secure. • Pre-rooted nursery stock may be fairly cost competitive when the comparison is based on the number of successfully established plants. 26 Practical Experience with Soil Bioengineering 1 1 All photographs in this chapter have been taken within the Grand River watershed in southwestern ' Ontario.Project sponsors within the watershed have included the Cities of Kitchener, Waterloo, Cambridge, and the Grand River Conservation Authority. Generally,the experience with soil bioengineering has been positive. All of the techniques described in this chapter have been used to , quickly establish woody vegetation on stream banks. Noteworthy observations include: , •- Material harvested and installed on the same day appears to have a higher rate of survival than material that is harvested,'stored and then put in the ground. ' • The e surrounding soil tends to washed away from live fascines that run parallel to the flow, however well staked fascines stay in place and continue to prevent bank erosion for sufficient time to allow for the establishment of vegetation on the stream bank behind the fascine. ' • If discovered by beavers,the willow and dogwood plants in a soil bioengineering structure provide an excellent food source.After being trimmed,the plants grow back with renewed vigour. • It is important that contractors bidding on soil bioengineering projects are familiar with ' handling live plant materials. • A field orientation session, led by an experienced practitioner, is important to the success of a project. ' • The use of rooted stock tends to increase the percentage of surviving plants in a soil bioengineering structure. • Willow and dogwood cuttings will grow well on poor quality, low nutrient soils, provided ' they have adequate moisture. • Live stakes split during installation have a very low survival rate. • A microclimate favourable for the establishment of grasses tends to be established on the , slope area between brush layers. 27 ' References 1 Chow,Vente(1959). Open Channel Hydraulics,McGraw-Hill Book Company,Toronto. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania(1982).A Stream bank Stabilization and Management Guide for Pennsylvania Landowners. Dunne, Thomas and Luna B.Leopold(1978). Water in Environmental Planning, W.H. Freeman and Company,New York,. ' Gray, Donald H.,and Andrew T.Leiser(1982). Biotechnical Slope Protection and Erosion Control, Van Nostrand Reinhold Ltd.,Toronto. Nunnally,Nelson B.(1990). Course notes for Biotechnical Slope Protection and Erosion Control,a short course offered by the University of Michigan, College of Engineering,Ann Arbor. ' Nunnally,Nelson B.,and Robin B. Sotir and Associates(1991).Analyzing Stream bank Erosion and Selecting Appropriate Protection Measures, United States Coir/Geotextile Conference, ' September 1991. Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food(1986).Soil Erosion Manual. Rosgen,David. A Course on Rivers and Applied Fluvial Geomorphology. Schiechtl, Hugo(1980).Bioengineering for Land Reclamation and Conservation,University of Alberta Press,Edmonton,Alberta. ' Schwab,Glenn,O.,Richard K.Fervert,Talcott W.Edminster,and Kenneth K.Barnes(1981).Soil and Water Conservation Engineering,Third Edition,John Wiley and Sons Ltd.,Toronto. ' Seibert,P.( 1968).Importance of Natural Vegetation for the Protection of the Banks of Streams, Rivers and Canals in Freshwater,pp.35-67,Council of Europe,New York Tribble,K. (1995). Written communication,Environmental Unit,Planning and Design Section, Eastern Region-Kingston,MTO. United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service (1992). Soil Bioengineering for Upland Slope Protection and Erosion Reduction in Engineering Field Handbook, Chapter 18. University of Michigan. A short course on Biotechnical Slope Protection and Erosion Control, 28 60 E+14WO IV, A46 4&AMa77o41 72 Vegetated gabions Akk &1 .7� AI OAL ��Q ,�C 7(�r 1 a p Al 1 t ,.1 'i 'a.Vegetated stone wall without mortar,immediately after construction. b:same wall alter three years; gabions are not flexible enough to withstand strong pressure, in particular that caused by soil movement. The desired results could not be obtained.Therefore, Maintenance wearied a combination of gabions with live branches Maintenance is usually unnecessary. If arborescent for the first time in 1965; plants were used by mistake it is necessary to keep Construction them short by a total cutback at intervals of three years. For more information concerning the des- Fine wire mesh is,laid flat on the ground at the truction or lifting of the masonry by secondary construction site, covered with coarse gravel or circumferential growth (increase in diameter) of the crushed rock, and interspersed with live branches roots, see the comments on page 64. and rooted plants`.To ensure that the branches are ' properly covered, it is necessary to rlift the mesh repeatedly and shake it to settle the gravel. The Vegetated gabions branches and cuttings of plants should be poked through the mesh. Rooted plants may be'placed so Historical background that they poke through at the joint. Finally, the wire Seepage 13. The usual precisely square-cornered mesh is pulled together and sewn with wire into a gabions, as they have been built in Italy for many cylindrical form, appropriate to the site. Where the ' years, are actually dry rock piles, kept in place by gabion might be displaced by mechanical forces wire mesh. Time has proved that these types of (tensile and compressive forces) it is secured with \t Vegetated gabions 73 114 Vegetated gabion.Left:steel mesh;right:wire mesh. ^h strong steel pegs which are driven into the ground 12 with a compressor or sledge hammer. To protect the Vegetated stone wall without mortar.The gaps between the stones gabions from washouts (especially in longitudinal ;re vegetated with sods and shrubs. constructions along water channel banks) it is best to place them on top of brushlayers (Fig. 114). With gabions that are made of very heavy netting and filled with larger rocks, one cannot place live branches and plants among the rocks but only between the joints among the gabions (Fig. 115). Gabions that are leaning against the slope are, in R. combination with healthy live cuttings or plants, an excellent protection for unstable, moist areas at the toe of the slope. The cuttings or rooted plants have to be placed deep enough into the soil behind the gabions to ensure good root formation and growth (Fig. 116). Materials Wire mesh with a maximum mesh size of 5 cm, coarse gravel, wire for tying, steel pegs (if neces- sary), live branches, and rooted plants are required. Where water is extremely acidic, the wire mesh will 1s corrode quickly so that noncorrodible materials, such Rock pile without mortar,vegetated by using straw mulching as polypropylene, have to be used. �n Europe called the Schiechteln method)and placing cuttings. oreground:before vegetation;background:after one year. Time The best time is during the dormant season, since ' subsequent installation is hardly possible; with great care rooted plants could be used later on, depending on the climate. 74 Vegetated gabions , �V O� 0 Diagram of a rock packing wrapped in wire(gabion)vegetated with live branches for slope stabilization. b Cost 4 ` It is slightly more expensive than gabions by + themselves. Advantages ' 115 This is a fast, simple construction method, Gabions in the Italian style(rock pile wrapped in wire mesh)vegetated which keeps its elasticity, and can be erected along with live branch layering. It large rocks are used,the branches can be horizontal lines (as a longitudinal construction) on placed only in the joints between individual gabions. wet slopes or along stream channels. Disadvantages Ecological and technical effectiveness Only applicable where gravel and small rocks are Vegetated gabions secure unstable slopes endari_ available. Not suitable for the vegetation of gabions gered by erosion gullies, and banks. In such a terrain established previously. I they form solid protection points, remaining com- Application and position within bioengineering pletely elastic and permeable. There is no danger of Because of its flexibility, it is suited for point-by-po' t water impoundment, on the contrary, the plants and linear constructions, especially in wet areas of improve drainage through water absorption and fine-grained soil (e.g., schistose, clayey, or silty transpiration. substrates). It can also be used for rapid repair of Live slope gratings 75 ,water channels and dam breaks, as cross work in creeks with no bedload movement and only tempo- rary water flow, and for the constraint of broad rivers 'with bedload movement. So far vegetated gabions have scarcely been used. In areas with little lumber but abundant gravel and rocks these gabions are the 'cheapest type of retaining walls and might replace ' °s wooden crib walls. ,Live slope gratings by Schlechtl (1956) K � Historical background 'Even though the technique of building dead slope gratings has been known for decades, the slope gratings constructed in the Tyrol in 1956 were probably the first live slope gratings (Fig. 117). Today 117 lhe live slope grating is a well established bloengin- Live slope grating for the stabilization of the zone between rock Bering method since there is hardly any other and gravel layers on a steep scope. effective one for steep eroded sites. 'Construction T . Ecological and technical effectiveness r�r::. See also page 11 and Figures 19 to 21. Live build- -The entire slope area is secured by the grating itself. Constructed g material may be used in several ways when The best ecological effect is achieved when using live nstructing slope gratings. Smaller gratings can be building material for the grating because in that case completely from long live poles, usually the entire protection system is alive and rooted into live poles of such material as is available. Hardwood '. the slope. In all other cases, vegetation will take over tuttings are most commonly used to hold the the function of the rotting wood but with different orizontal trees (.=ig. 118). The bases of the cuttings effects. Seedlings and hardwood cuttings root deeply should penetrate the parent material to encourage A and drain the slope, whereas the grass sods act only oot growth, and improve anchorage. The space as a cover and are not as effective for soil binding or etween the individual timbers can also be filled draining. Seedlings on topsoil are least effective (see ompletely with live branches and soil, so that a very the comments under "Construction"). dense vegetation is quickly obtained. LThe wooden slope grating can also be completely Cost ade of timber (dead wood), and the complete area The cost of live slope gratings varies with the revegetated with the standard seeding method after ` ''different possibilities of building live gratings. The overage with topsoil or with sod (Fig. 119). R cost does not play an important part, since this aterials mett d is applied when there is no other stabii' motion measure left, i.e., in cases when money can b ' ound or square timber is used, according to •6 by�us�ng the gratings instead of large amou' imensions and type of construction. rocktand soil material, or by building mass Time , 'retaining walls, dhen using live cuttings and plants, only during the Q � ormant season; when using sodding'techniques,"I L ooh h during the growing season. ' CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON ' CONTRACT NO. CL98-17 ' OPS GENERAL CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT (AUGUST 1990) The OPS General Conditions have not been reproduced as part of these Tender ' Documents. It will be the Contractor's responsibility to obtain current copies of these documents. 4 . ° y Fs ,.c _ : F . s. , i v... _ • r . - NOTE. _ . NS REFER" TO XS-1 F OR ROS S SECT D R A WI N No� .. , _ L 'O -T 12 , 2) ALL DISA ,N - -rURBE D AREAS TO BE T OPSO I LED AN D SEEDED. , , (PICKSEED GREEN Fl E LD MI X OR EQUAL) IN W AN MAT RIA HANDLING TO 4 L' O T 3 ALL BIOENGINEERING WORK D E L FI - HANDBOOK COMPLY WITH USDA SCS ENGINEERING ELD N O B OK CHAPTER —PART 3/i K " • - BIOENGINEERING �FCR LAND RECLAMATION AN D C T CONSERVA►TIaN B Y HUGO S CHI E H L 4 4) ALL BIOENGINEERING MATERIAL TO BE INSTALLED DURING n THE DORMANT SEASONS (LATE FALL TO EARLY SPRING) 5) PLANT MATERIAL FOR BIOENGINEERING WORKS TO BE PLACED WITHIN 24 HOURS OF HARVESTING. Y _ 6) PLANT .MATERIAL SOURCE AND SPECIES TO BE y r PRE--APPROVED. BY SITE SUPERVISOR. RINKLER# Dc •'' LEGEND: 50 EXISTING GRADE (J.D.BARNES SURVEY JUNE 1997) SPRINKLER# CONTRACTOR TO BE RESPONSIBLE FOR LOCATION OF ALL EXIST. � ' U/G & OVERHEAD UTILITIES. VARIOUS UTILITIES CONCERNED TO � BE GIVEN REQUIRED ADVANCE NOTICE PRIOR TO ANY DIGGING • / ,�� 0. ' FOR STAKE OUT. THE CONSULTANT ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE LOCATION OF EXISTING UTILITIES AS INDICATED ON THIS DRAWING. HIGHWAY No. 2 FASCINES (SEE DETAIL) 01Y MUNICIPALITY CL A RI NG TON 0.1 , CREEK erosion control blanket 2: 1 SLOPE LIMIT ~ _- (anti—wash geojute or equivalent) (PROP. TOP OF BANK) Z in. 0mm to soi! and seed m . 5 topsoil ° (Pickseed Greenfield mix or equal) Z prop. 2: 1 slope h "`` o live fascine bundle of live willow twigs 4 o� '��'oo 9 ) �. anchored wit live stakes x 1 > r �4 ^ OOP. VEGETATED G B 0 LL 1`0' (SEE DETAIL} 1 .0m live stakes (25-50mm d�a ' UBJ .) TREES TO BE REMOVED -� ' lB/W (CREE)< INVERT) =- 111.00 m PROPER spacing 1 .5m s -.� - at p 9 aloe 9 " 112.50 m entire length of fascine I - �� TREES .. 1 1------111 DETENTION POND r- - ---- }f � j N.ouT=aLL min. 100 mm did. cedar log .61 APPROV E D T APPROVED .-.-- fit 11 m PROP. TREE LIMIT ` A.S. CANNELLA oate:AUG. 19 97 top of wall 2.5 ---- �/ For Irec or Of Public or p• ng• , _. ipa ngt �� 6ASKETS Department Of Works PRb GABION TO BE un c y ar on ep ct •` ti '�� APPROVED AS TO FORM IN RELIANCE UPON �. • l M � t PLA ED ANCHO ED AND TIED AS PER THE PROFESSIONAL, SKILL AND ABILLTY Region Of Durham live brush layers of willow cuttings ! I I 11 I 11 I -t g= } OF G.M. SERNAS & ASSOCIIATES LTD. h t .i `L°` MAL�UACTUR S�EC1E4ATlONS coNSu�nNC �cINEERS. AS TO oES1�N Date through fitter cloth and I I extending 1 � I I----T11 � -� . .D . 2• _ `tr ti ; '_ r AND SPECIFlCATION. . 1 m �} f ' R E V I S 1 0 N S into existing subsoil for top .0 _ __� / x _ # TOP R0 3 3x11 BASKS height of gab ion wall. _ - �> r No. DESCRIPTION DATE BY APPROVED `` 1 -2x1/0 BASKETS 1 1 111 I I 1 � � ti• � j r ji; s BOTTOM OWt3x1 x1 BASKETS to row, 1 .0m wide x 1 .Om high abions �'� _ 9 *flf � � �_ Y �� 2x1. -S�SKETS 1 ! i,111 stone infiIl to be 200mm rip rap 6 Ex. TREES ' • _ C /� 1 I native backfill behind gabion baskets (IS required °� _ � r \ \ \ I I. REVISE CRIB WALL TO VEGETATED GABION AUG. / 98 D.G. 3�. � \ `_J� � I� MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON existing . subsoil , j •° `- '�:` '�� r+ ,�� Public Works Department 1�SON& aim AOL FM { 1II 111 1 � 1 . • WtLL EE it Ou m j%REA creek invert 111 Om MrM V W F l \ /�4 °f . �" - bot om row 1 .0m wide . x 1 .0m high: gabions � �� s.� � stone infill to be mm rip rap , s x 1 .a: 111 11 �--- filter cloth (terrafix 270R or equivalent)- G*M* DI ilL ! •: CONSTRUCTION -� 111 111 111 1 111 11 III 111 - �- ` � �;- . + - : Rio SCOTIA COURT UNIT 41 ° WHITSY, ONTARIO LlN i h of loose one . TEL 905 2-7$70 1 .qm w d t H� or o� FAX 0 4.32-78 (150 200mm diameter rr fix 70r PROJECT 4.A B I • over filter cI h e a - TE Y DRAWN 8Y : E •A,W. r- equivalent lval en t . e th a t face , _ o q p _ A JUL. i99�1 of abion wall to be 0.5mATMEN .9 E ' TRE DESIGNED _ _ SCALE : 1 : 100 CHECKED BY . o.B.G. EP-1 R/P Date - AUG. 13, 1998 File: 97064EPI.OWG k. , ISSUED FOR 7 7 CONSTRUCTION OCT 1 4 199 ,s , - - _ - - _ __ _ _ _ - _ - _ , , - , - .1. .. a. ,..,E :-. -�. - . - - - - . - .-. ,. e , - �- i -. ., - _ -11♦ - - - a - - r.' ,.. - _ 5... ... - _ - n- b 4-t. '14 I . .. :-. 1 f 5 -:_ - - -- a 11. H , . .. - .. _ - a. ♦ , - - - ` ... - .. - - ,- :. .e. Y _ -. - ... - . ` - -;, ...• - .. .. .. - - - _ r .. - . , .. _- - ,'„ , - _ "e• -. s . -. 11 I - _ - : .. - .--- -_- ---._-----____._ _ _ -- --- .-_- _____._-__---__- -- EXISTING GROUND - __ ,-- __---------�___ ______________ __--.- __----- - _ .- . _ . - , - _ ,- - - -__ - 1 1. - - . 2 .0 -- . - _. _„ Y. a m c�'�� . • i ,</ ,i c- ,\ 120.0 - z _ ---=-._-___----z ------ --------- - - --z 1 --- --- ----- ---------------- -- _ 120.0 �- __ - - -_--- _ �--- CEDARr E - ES [~ s!= F - __-_-_ -LU 119.0 w - --w EXIST.. TREES ' /� - - _ - - : .... __ _ . . _ - ._ - - .. . _ - - .-_1._ _ f.:. r.. - .__ _ cn _ . � _ I • iiiiii, 1190 _ 118.0 �;�,_ - --__ - ----- -- (n - -11 �. . _ - --- __ _ ------ - _ -- ---- ----- - _ - - . _ - -- - - 118.4 - _____ -� _ - - - �- -- - ---- ----_ ._ - Ex. STABLE SLOPE 7 E IST. STABLE VEGETATED. LQPE 117.0 - - 3 U - . --. - - --- -- - - __ - - , r , 1 - _.___..-- _---_-r__. --. --- -------- ------------_. --.--__ ---- - - _, . . - - ---_ EXSTING R N 1 7.4 I I G OU D 11 - - 6 - - -- - _ �il - --------- - ------ =------- ------- ---- - _ .- _ 4 _. - � .. .. - ---- .. - - 2r _ - 11f.0 IS Lct . ,. Z 1 _ "` C gyp - - -- - --- - -- � ;� - 115.0 R TS . 115.0 -- _- ---_---------- --------- --- _ _-- -- --- - f I J ^ {F ... I � I I 11 ^ 114.0 ..--,---------,-�----..-------------___ --- FASCINE 114.0 •____.------ .- _.. _�__ ---- - , T_ _ ,_ . _ _ . - - -. - --- - PROPOSED GRADE a- PROP. ABION WALL 113.0 O - - - - - - --- -- ---- -- --- -- , - ___ - - - _ ___ _ -------------------- -- - - - _.- _._ _ - - ----- , 113.0 c _____-- ___ f -- __- - t - K Q_ { 1 2.0 ° - ---- ----- --------Cr,- - -----. --- _ °° °° 1-11. - d tf) F 11 _ I 111.0 -L ------ ------------ --------- ------ - , . . 11.0 -- --T---- -- -------- ---�--- -------- - _ _ .__ - ---. , ___ _ _ : _-•- - - - - - - - - - - - o 0 0 0 - �- , - J, - 1 _ - + O N N W I rn; M 4 r-, c0, 'I +n i O O O O O cal of+-" ---- -- _-- - .,_ , ._ _ . ...� -__ . bq -- __.. _ _. __-_ -- ----___ - -.---._. _ cp .. _ _. 110.0 - ---- --------�-{---- --_- -- - - - --- ,�, ------- ---------- - I M _�. _._. _ N - _ M - M { o o o + � o� 00 1 Qd 4 { M I ! o 1 1 s V_{ •- I _ •- •- 1 09.0 .. u .. _ __ - -- - _ -1 -- L----4- ------- -�_- ___-_ _ - _ - - -- . _-___ - _-, .._._ __ -- - - - I 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SECTION D - D LO o_ Sri o Sri 0 - to 0 Sri 1. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SCALE HORZ. 1:100 ^ . -,- + � © p O � I � � Q VERT. 1:100 0 • SECTION A -- A CONTRACTOR TO BE RESPONSIBLE FOR LOCATION OF ALL EXIST. SCALE HORZ. 1:100 = U/G & OVERHEAD UTILITIES. VARIOUS UTILITIES CONCERNED TO VERT. 1:100 $ BE GIVEN REQUIRED ADVANCE NOTICE PRIOR TO ANY DIGGING, r `t�^ �- ��_V_ FOR STAKE OUT. THE CONSULTANT ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY 121.0 -- -- -______,-__�_..____-- __-- _ _- _ --------_-__ -____-- 1,_ - _ f - -�-,� -- ,._ _- � T _ - - - _ _ _ ______- i- -_ _ _,.. - -- ___- -- -- FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE LOCATION OF EXISTING UTILITIES i i AS INDICATED ON THIS DRAWING. EXISTING; GROUND , r� I I - -_- - ____-- --*_ ____ -- - -__ - --- __ __! - EXIST. TREES TO_ .. , _ ___ _- �._.-- __-_ _ _. __- _. . ._ -- ___ _ ; BE REMQVED i r { I � HIGHWAY No. 2 } t f - ` -- ----- _1 ----- __�- _ - --"-� - - .-_.. ---' -- ---- - -+ _ _. - - _. ._-. - - - - - ----_ _---- -. "- -- - - _ . - - + - - _ .. r { 4 !ftl i - I 119.0 -- . I , I i , i 118.0 _-_ _- -- - _ -__ _ _ _ _ ._ ____ _ 4_ _ _ - -- _ -- _. _ __ - _ _ --_ _ _ _ _._ ___ _ __ _ I � FASeIN�s I I MUNICIPALITY CLAR/NCTON _ ----__ ,. -- - ------ - - -. _ - _ - �-------_. . _. k ---- _ _ - - -._. . --- - - - 117.0 -----_ --------- -- -_ - --- _-- Li " CREEK 1 I I ! �� S EXIST. SLOPE I 1 116.0 _ --- -- - - - ------- _ _ - .-_. . __ __ - - -__ _ _ - __ __ -_ __ . - _ -- --- - - . - - -- -- -- --- - -- -- ---. _ _ y , i } Of�(C 1 ! I ----- ------------------�--- - -- --- ` - - j t (� 1 { 1 ; >� w . 115.0 Z - ------- ----- --- --- - -- � - ---- - ---- --#--. -- _. - t--_ -.-- ---- - _ __ _ _ __. - -- _ - - ---- - - - -- -- _ - -- - -- -- a �- # i 6 i D I 1 � Q r_ , I + 1 4. _--_--- -- ------ ---- -- _ .- ---- - - --- -- -. -_ -- - , -_ . _ _ - -- - -- - _. ..-_ -- -- fi - 1 0 a= --------- _-- - - --- -- ---- - - - - - - -_ __ t.. � W _ a i PROP. GABION WALL o c„� > 11 I 113.0 �° r _ _. _ - - - - - . - . - - - _--___ -_--_ _ __ ..__ _ . _ . _, _.___ __.-______ ___... _ _ ____ _- , - - _ _ _ _ -. - __ _ _ _ _ - .__ _ O.. O I I 1 } I W ► � U 112.0 -- ------- - --- -- -- - - -- - - .-.--------. _. 4- - .__ -- - ----- -- - r --__ . - --..- �__. --- .-- - - -.--- ,.._ _,-., - .. _ .} -- __- - - - - -- --- -- -�___-----. �_.- - �' a 1 I . 1 I I N Q1 cfl cp h N 0 I 4 K7 Vt; Qf,. .cD 111.0 - - �I - �! �, ~n �1 110.0 - .. .--- . . _..- - - - - - - - -- -- ,-___-L - _. _ ,_ , _ _ --------. ._---. ------ _ _ _ - -- - - - _ � U J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . PROPER ,^n o LO 0 L0 o tri 6 to C5 0 00- o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + o 0 0 o a . a o 0 0 - K Y P SECTION 8 B N.A/ ._ SCALE HORZ. f:goo - APPROVED APPROVED _ VIER T. 1:100 " A.S. CANNELLA " oate:AUG. 19 97 For Director Of Public Works P. Eng. . Municipality Of Clarington Department Of Works APPROVED AS TO FORM IN RELIANCE UPON �� THE PROFESSIONAL SKILL AND ABILITY Region Of Durham V � Z OF G.M. SERNAS & ASSOCIATES LTD. g _ SPECIFICATION. ERS. AS TO DESIdN Date: _ _ - -_-- _ - - --- _ 122.0 �-------__ --_ � ___�__._ _ _ . - - _ .___ 1 -�� l 1 REVISIONS I 121.0 - --f------ ----.- - --- - -- ----- ___--._-- --_ _ ___ ;__-. -_ _-_ _ __ ;___ _ _ -_ -_ __ _ :._ _ _ _ __ __ _ __ _- t _ _ - _-- . No. DESCRIPTION DATE BY APPROVED I I 120.0 - ---- - --------- -- - - ---- - --------___r_--- - --- --- -- - -•-- - _ _.,_ _ _ -------- - - _ - --- - --- -_ - _ _- ; _ _ I i . I EXISTING GROUND I I - - -- - _ -- --- -- --- -- -- - -- __ --. _ _ 119.0 - r -_---------- �--------- - ------- _ -1- - ----------_ ---- --- -- - - -- _ _- --_ - _ - - _ _ ; - ---- I I i I . I f I __ _ _____ __ -__ _ - ___ .__________ __________ _ -_ _ _ _ _ _. _ _ _ _-_. ___ +_ __ _. __-- _. -__- _ 1. _____ __ - _ - - _ .. ' _t. _ }__ . _ 1. REVISE CRIB WALL TO VEGETATED GABION AUG. / 98 D.G. 118 0 -------- - - -- _ _ - - I i FASCI N 1 S -a- - -- -- - - - ---- - --- ---- -_------- - - -- - __ - - -- -- - -- -_ -, - _ _. -1 . -- __ • _ -_--_ -_-- - __ +- - - - MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON 117.0 - --_-- ----- ----- ! I i F . • W I 1 1 ' Public Works Department z -------------- ----- --------.--- -- _ -- -.- -- - ------- -- -_-----__-- - --. ---- __ - - - ---- - - __ - ___ - - -- - -- --- _ _ -. -_ - - - - - - - __ - - -- - - - i _ . I_ 1 i + 116.0 y, -- --- ------------ - -- I ,- ----,- � - I L 1- I . � --- _____ i EmEft E A& . �_ ____________.__&______ --- - I- --- ___115.0 - -- - - --r --- -- 0- oi -- --- =" -- -- - - - -- - - - - -__ _ --- - _ __-- -- - _ ,.. - , . - - -- --- - - - ---. --- 114. a- _ _:.._ 1 I ? PR 8P. GABION WAIL � vo %# %O 113.0 -- ---- ----- - -- _._ _- r _ -- - _ - - _ _ " mm", a - --- ---------.---. _ - _ _ _- - ___ ------_ - ' y • - _-_-..__ _-______._-_-z_ _. .-__ ___. 112.0 - --- ---�- r_ . - - _. _ .: - , i 1 .0 --- - - ri -- _-_----------- _ ---__- -.--r - - _. - - - - - -�---- - -- ------ -- - • - - - - - -- - - _ . _I �- - --- --- f�SS1p�y . �. F G.M kjerno s , - . r . L I �, 1 tia I .1 . ,. . . j / ^, j . 1 . 110 � °' ---M - ----------- � -----------_---.-_-�.-_- __--� _ - M __ - -K - N '` - � � �, � 80dates Ltd* 0 .-I � N _+ in 4t�I 'r . , . � .,- *„ T_ - _ �_._.`- ---- --_-�. - -- _.._-----._-------. __- - _- _. ..- . . - - .,-. - ---- . ._.._ _ C.r�vltl� �vi r J 109.0 -- - - .. _ 1 t n r rrr 0 0 C. Q 0 ca 0 O o - 4 ��1 ,4 0 SCOTIA COURT UNIT 4t 0 4 WH11i ONTARIO LI N $Y7 6 0 LO . p �} 6 4 Cj !� O �i �p V_ T p 0 N N - , - � M � It tics av oN TEL 905 432--7878 t o o c� o Q 1 o a. a FAX 432-76 d + 3 + + -1- + + + + + i + 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 - 4 0 0` 0 PROJECT No. y DATE : J1LY, 1998 DRAWN BY : R.A.W.1. I. . r. - SECTION C -- C _ - . oESIG � ' BY : R.P.S. DRAWING No. . SCALE HORZ.-1#10Q - - . N . VERT. 1:100.L. SCALE : 1 : 100 L-I - Fite: 9�os4XSl.owG R P ate - AUG. 13 1998 X S . .. o G ED B GHE K Y I?.B.G. �..�.,. _ .. .L. _ . , - . .. L , R T , . : - : ISSUED 4C . , 9%. . , .r 'L } _I L.- _ - t 1. . v , . , .. - , t' • ' F