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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCLD-014-17Clerk's Report If this information is required in an alternate accessible format, please contact the Accessibility Coordinator at 905-623-3379 ext. 2131. Report To: General Government Committee Date of Meeting: May 29, 2017 Report Number: CLD-014-17 Resolution: GG-283-17 File Number: By-law Number: Report Subject: Noise By-law Limits Pertaining to Gun Clubs Recommendations: It is recommended that the Committee choose either: Option A 1.That Report CLD-014-17 be received for information; and 2.That all interested parties listed in Report CLD-014-17 and any delegations be advised of Council's decision. OR Option B 1.That Report CLD-014-17 be received; 2.That subsection 3.1.1 (a) of Clarington's Noise By-law 2007-071 be amended to reduce the maximum noise level of a shooting range from 70 dBAI to 60 dBAI Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level (LLM ) at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation prior to January 1, 1980; 3.That staff prepare a by-law to make such amendment to Noise By-law 2007-071 for presentation to Council on June 12, 2017; and 4.That all interested parties listed in Report CLD-014-17 and any delegations be advised of Council's decision. Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 2 Report Overview Residents in the area of the Orono Fish and Hunt Club (OFHC) report that they are continuing to have issues with the noise levels emanating from the OFHC. This Report details the OFHC, provincial and municipal actions that have been taken since the matter was last considered by Council, explains existing regulations governing gun clubs in general and gun clubs within the Municipality of Clarington and provides choices for Committee going forward. . 1. Background Earlier Municipal Key Actions: In 2011, Council amended Noise By law 2007-071 to limit levels of noise emanating from gun clubs. (See Report CLD-017-11, being Attachment 1 to this Report.) Effectively, the By-law amendment set the noise level maximum that was set out in the Provincial recommended Guidelines NPC-232. However, as is explained in 2.1 below, the methods of measuring noise levels are different. The limits set out in By-law 2007-071 are, • a maximum noise level of 70 dBAI if the gun club was operating before January 1, 1980; and • a maximum noise level of 50 dBAI if the gun club began to operate after January 1,1980. These amendments were implemented in response to concerns raised by some area residents. In September 2011 and September 2012, before Council considered Report CLD-017-11, mediated meetings were held involving the area residents and members of the Orono Fish and Hunt Club (OFHC). As well, input was received from the Chief Firearms Officer and from acoustical consultants. See Attachments 2-5 of this Report, being Reports CLD-024-11, CLD-033-11, CLD-007-12 and CLD-027-12. Earlier OFHC Key Actions: In response to the resident concerns expressed during the 2011/2012 period, the OFHC voluntarily implemented a number of noise mitigation measures, including, • Discontinued professional shooting (RCMP, MNR CP Rail). • Limited regular shooting days to Wednesdays and Sundays. Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 3 • Resident notification protocol for any shooting events outside of Sundays and Wednesdays • Installed berms: on the east side at height of 5.6 meters, with a second on the east side at a height of 7-9 metres; on the north berms (Backstops) are also at heights 5.1 meters at the 25 Yard Range, 5.7 meters at the 50 Yard Range, and 7.5 meters at the 100 Yard Range. (See Attachment 6 to this Report being Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services July 30, 2015 inspection.) Note, all berms are in excess of the RCMP requirements for licensing and recommended berm heights by Swallow acoustics as detailed in Report CLD-033-11. • Installed insulated shooting stations. OFHC reports they continually look for sound mitigation measures including further grass seeding to assist in the reduction of noise. Residents’ More Recent Concerns: In the summer of 2016 residents again raised concerns regarding the levels of sound emanating from OFHC. More specifically, some residents believe they are experiencing health issues, problems with their animals including behaviour and health issues, and shaking windows on their house as a result of the gun fire. Residents also sought clarification of legislation, regulations, by-laws and the concept of “grandfathering”. Municipal Actions in Response to more recent concerns: This Report details the steps taken by staff in response to their concerns, the research findings, and testing results as compared to the results from previous testing. Note this report deals only with Municipal response to OFHC as no complaints have been received concerning shooting activities at the Pineridge Target Sports Club since 2012 2. Discussion 2.1 Gun Club / Shooting Range Regulations and Noise Federal Regulation: It is the responsibility of the Chief Firearms Officer (CFO) to license and regulate firearm ranges under federal regulations. The purpose of licensing is to ensure safe firearms Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 4 practices are being followed. The CFO does not regulate sound relating to outdoor or indoor ranges. Currently both outdoor ranges are in compliance with CFO regulations. The OFHC serves 300 members and Pineridge serves 200 members; with approximately 30% of both clubs being Clarington residents. Firearm ranges provide a safe environment for sporting enthusiasts and members of law enforcement agencies to discharge firearms. Provincial Involvement: The MOECC is responsible for protecting clean and safe air, land and water to ensure healthy communities, ecological protection and sustainable development for present and future generations. In fulfilling their role, the MOECC ensures the sources of emissions to the environment are adequately controlled to prevent the potential for adverse effects, and this includes noise emissions to the environment. To assist in understanding, and presumably to assist in the regulating of noise emissions, the MOECC established noise guidelines. The MOECC’s NPC-232 Sound Level Limits for Stationary Sources in Class 3 Areas (Rural) directly referenced gun clubs and set maximum noise levels based on how long the gun club was in existence. It read as follows: For impulsive sound, other than Quasi-Steady Impulsive Sound, from a stationary source which is the discharge of firearms on the premises of a licensed gun club, the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area, expressed in terms of the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level (LLM), is: • 70 dBAI if the gun club were operating before January 1, 1980; or • 50 dBAI if the gun club began to operate after January 1, 1980; or • the LLM prior to expansion, alteration or conversion. In 2013, NPC-232 was replaced with NPC-300 as the new Noise Guidelines for Stationary Sources. As stated by the MOECC, NPC-300 is a guideline and is intended to be used by municipalities as such; in particular when considering making land use planning decisions and when drafting or reviewing noise by-laws. Note, that the MOECC does not currently regulate gun clubs. See Section 3 of this Report. The levels set in NPC-300 are based on the average of the total number of impulses recorded in an hour. According to the MOECC, the OFHC is considered a Class 3 Area. Charts 1 and 2 below Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 5 are excerpts from NPC-300 which show the NPC-300 Class 3 Area Guidelines for impulsive sounds. Chart 1 NPC-300 - Table B-3 Exclusion Limit Values for Impulsive Sound Level (LLM, dBAI) Outdoor Points of Reception Time of Day Actual Number of Impulses in Period of One-Hour Class 1 Area Class 2 Area Class 3 Area Class 4 Area 07:00 – 23:00 9 or more 50 50 45 55 7 to 8 55 55 50 60 5 to 6 60 60 55 65 4 65 65 60 70 3 70 70 65 75 2 75 75 70 80 1 80 80 75 85 Chart 2 NPC-300 - Table B-4 Exclusion Limit Values for Impulsive Sound Level (LLM, dBAI) Plane of Window – Noise Sensitive Spaces (Day/Night) Actual Number of Impulses in Period of One-Hour Class 1 Area (07:00–23:00)/ (23:00–07:00) Class 2 Area (07:00–23:00)/ (23:00–07:00) Class 3 Area (07:00–19:00)/ (19:00–07:00) Class 4 Area (07:00–23:00)/ (23:00–07:00) 9 or more 50/45 50/45 45/40 60/55 7 to 8 55/50 55/50 50/45 65/60 5 to 6 60/55 60/55 55/50 70/65 4 65/60 65/60 60/55 75/70 3 70/65 70/65 65/60 80/75 2 75/70 75/70 70/65 85/80 1 80/75 80/75 75/70 90/85 Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 6 Municipal Regulation: Gun Club noise levels detailed in Clarington’s Noise By-law 2007-071 were amended in 2011 based on the levels set out in the guidelines in place at that time - in NPC-232,- but were set as maximums and not logarithmic mean. The two existing gun clubs have been in existence well before 1980, and therefore, During non-curfew times, any noise emanating from the use of a shooting range shall not exceed: (a) 70 dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation prior to January 1st 1980; … To be clear, By-law 2007-071, as amended in 2011, sets out a maximum level of 70 dBAI per each shot fired, whereas NPC-300 (the Guideline established in 2013) sets out a maximum level based on the average of the total shots fired within an hour. Chart 3 below depicts the shots recorded at 7606 Leskard Rd. during the 2017 controlled test. This sample set of recordings demonstrates how the two measuring methods differ. Chart 3 Shot # Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) Comply with By-law 2007-071? Logarithmic Mean Measurement 1 55 Yes Logarithmic mean level is 61.1 dBAI 2 58 Yes 3 54 Yes 4 53 Yes 5 55 Yes 6 57 Yes 7 51 Yes 8 52 Yes 9 51 Yes 10 66 Yes 11 66 Yes 12 69 Yes 13 63 Yes 14 57 Yes 15 58 Yes 16 51 Yes 17 51 Yes Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 7 Note in the sample results above from the controlled test results and are not necessary indicative of levels experienced during regular operations. These sample results shows no violation of the current maximum limit of 70 dBAI in By-law 2007-071 and confirms, based on this sample, that a maximum limit of 60 dBAI LLM is more restrictive than the existing limit. The logarithmic mean is calculated using the following formula: LLM = 10 log ( [10^(Imp1/10) + 10^(Imp2/10) + … ] / number of impulses) Where Imp1, Imp2, etc are the impulsive sound levels measured. The arithmetic mean is calculated using the following formula: Arithmetic Mean = (Imp1 + Imp2 + …) / number of impulses 2.2 General Noise Levels General noise level limitations can be found in various documents. Not to diminish the reported impact of the noise of gun fire by some of the area residents, but rather to add context and to assist in understanding noise levels, Chart 4 below describes how Worker Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) rates noise levels, and Chart 5 describes the sound pressure levels of sounds encountered in daily life. Chart 4 Worker Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) Common Sounds Decibel Levels dB(A) Harm Rock concert, jet takeoff, gun shot 120 to 140 Damaging Chainsaw, air gun, portable stereo, dance club, boiler room, sandblasting 100 to 120 Damaging Power tools, motorcycle, headphones, snowmobile, manufacturing plant, lawnmower, hydraulic press, pneumatic drill 90 to 100 Harmful Dishwasher, computer room, subway, busy restaurant or kitchen 75 to 90 Irritating City traffic, hair dryer, office equipment, cell phone 70 to 90 Irritating Countryside with rustling leaves 20 to 50 Safe Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 8 Section 139 O.Reg 381/15 Noise, under Occupational Health and Safety Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. O.1, places the duty on the employer to protect workers. 2. (1) Every employer shall take all measures reasonably necessary in the circumstances to protect workers from exposure to hazardous sound levels. ... (4) Without limiting the generality of subsections (1) and (2), every employer shall ensure that no worker is exposed to a sound level greater than an equivalent sound exposure level of 85 dBA, Lex,8.[Where Lex,8 is the equivalent sound exposure level in 8 hours.] Chart 5 Typical Sound Pressure Level Encountered in Daily Life Sound Pressure Level dB(A) Sound Pressure Level dB(A) Subjective Evaluation 140 Jet engine Deafening 130 Jet aircraft during takeoff (300 ft. away) Painful 120 “Hard rock” band (with electronic amplification) Onset of pain 107 Air hammer Temporary hearing Loss 100 Crowd noise at football game Very loud 92 Heavy city traffic Very loud 80 Ringing alarm clock (at 2 ft.) Very loud 70 B-757 aircraft cabin during flight Loud 65 Busy restaurant or canteen Loud 60 Conversational Speech Moderate 5 Window air conditioner Moderate 34 Soft whisper (at 5 ft.) Faint 20 Rustling leaves Very faint 10 Human breathing Very faint The 1999 RCMP Shooting Range and Sound document states the range of sound levels for limited community reaction is between 50 dBAI- 70 dBAI for firearms. (See Attachment 7, RCMP Shooting Ranges and Sound.) Charts 4 and 5 above speak specifically to common sounds other than impulse noises. It is understandable that the impact of stationary noise (ie noises at a steady level such as a lawn mower) is much different than the impact of impulse noise such as gun fire. Therefore, it would be understandable that the recommended noise limits should also be Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 9 different. According to Guido F. Smoorenburg, “evaluation of impulse noise, in particular shooting noise, with regard to annoyance,” Internoise, 81, pp.779-782. 44 indicates that the “threshold for annoyance” due to impulsive noise is from 60 to 65 dBA (fast), which corresponds to approximately 65 to 70 dBAI. These references specify that the range of sound levels for limited community reaction to the sound of firearms is between 50 dBAI and 70 dBAI.” 3. Municipal Investigations and Consultation Actions The Municipality retained professional acoustic consultants to conduct testing in early September 2016. In consultation with local residents, special events were determined to be of highest concern and random testing was preferred over an arranged “controlled” test in cooperation with OHFC. Chart 6 below shows the results of the October 22, 2016 test. Attachment 8 to this Report is the full May 12, 2017 Swallow Thornton Tomasetti Testing Report. Chart 6 October 22, 2016 Test Results Address Recorded Noise Level 7560 Leskard Road 55 53 52 53 57 Shooting noise faintly audible Shooting noise faintly audible. Shooting noise faintly audible. Shooting noise faintly audible. Shooting noise faintly audible. Includes noise from leaves rustling 7685 Leskard Road 51 53 54 55 53 59 54 Ambient Shooting noise barely audible. Shooting noise barely audible. Shooting noise barely audible. Shooting noise barely audible. Shooting noise barely audible. Shooting noise barely audible. 7150 Leskard Road 50 54 51 53 Ambient Shooting noise barely audible. Shooting noise barely audible. Shooting noise barely audible 7506 Leskard Road 60 57 53 53 53 Shooting noise faintly audible. Shooting noise faintly audible. Shooting noise faintly audible. Shooting noise faintly audible. Shooting noise faintly audible. Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 10 There were few shots heard during the testing conducted in October 2016, which is inconsistent with what has been described and experienced by the residents as continuous firearm discharges. Attachment 8 is the full Swallow Thornton Tomasetti Report dated May 17, 2017. There appeared (through several emails received from some residents) to be confusion regarding legislation, regulations, guidelines and apparent “grandfathering”. Staff therefore researched the history of this matter and facilitated a meeting with some area residents, members of the OFHC board, an MOECC representative, and Councillors Partner and Woo. In response to the question of how the Guideline limits were set and if any clubs have achieved these limits, the MOECC representative provided the following response: The NPC-300 impulsive limits are not specifically intended for gun clubs, although the municipality could use these limits for determining the likelihood of generating adverse effects. We are not aware of whether any gun clubs are operating in accordance with the NPC-300 impulsive limits because we don’t regulate them. It would depend on the site-specific conditions. Further meetings were held with the MOECC, some area residents, the OFHC and the Pineridge Target Sports Club to better understand the issues at hand, and receive interpretation of NPC guidelines and outline the process being taken. To better understand the magnitude of the noise impact of the OFHC, correspondence was sent to all surrounding residents of the OFHC (approximately 100 properties). Residents were requested to advise staff of any concerns they have regarding noise from OFHC. Of the 15 responses received, 7 raised concerns about the levels of noise or that levels have not been reduced. Discussions with OFHC members were held to seek their continued participation in determining the levels of sounds. With their agreement, a “controlled” test was conducted. With the participation of the OFHC the test was conducted under similar conditions to that in 2012. This approach was chosen such that the results from the 2017 test could be compared to the 2012 test to determine if the mitigation measures implemented by the OFHC have had any success in reducing noise levels. The same firearms were used with the exception of the 375 H&H Magnum in 2017 which was the closet match used to the SAKO .478 Magnum used in 2012. These are both firearms which may be seldom used at the firing range if used at all. Two additional firearms were tested in 2017 that were not in 2012. The 375 H&H Magnum was removed from the March 2017 firing after identifying a safety issue. The locations selected were chosen using the properties that had the highest levels recorded in 2012. Weather conditions were similar with a more general wind from southwest compared to a south wind in 2012. Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 11 Graph 1 – 2012 / 2017 Test Results Comparison (by address) The following graphs show the results from 2012 (in orange) and 2017 (in blue) of the shots fired at each of the locations. Where there is only one coloured bar, it means that there is no corresponding comparator. (See Attachment 9 for the March 23, 2017 Test Results Report and Attachment 10 for the 2012/2017 Test Results Comparison.) 3282 Con. 7 7374 Leskard (Fired Out of Order) 7606 Leskard Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 12 7615 Leskard 7685 Leskard 7560 Leskard 7506 Leskard Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 13 7580 Leskard With the exception of one location a reduced level of noise has occurred. Also of note is that in testing of 2017, one identified property directly south of the club registered levels of low 50 dBAI compared to the low 60 dBAI in 2012. Over the past few weeks, an area resident has documented and recorded shooting noise levels using a hand held phone application. The average of discharges within a 2hr period on each of the days recorded totalled approximately 380 discharges per day. This Report does not include the resident’s sound level measurements because the equipment and recording application have not been calibrated. 4. Area Municipalities Clarington is not alone in addressing resident concerns related to noise emanating from gun clubs. In 2014, the Township of Uxbridge amended their Noise By-law to gradually decrease the permitted sound level over 2 years. 2.13 Every Licence issued to a Shooting Range existing prior to this By-law coming into force and effect shall be subject to the following maximum noise level requirements: COMPLIANCE PERIOD MAXIMUM NOISE LEVEL As OF AUGUST 31, 2015 maximum of 60 dBAI As OF AUGUST 31, 2016 maximum of 50 dBAI 2.14 Every Licence issued to a new Shooting Range established following this By-law coming into force and effect shall be subject to a maximum noise level of 45 dBAI effective immediately upon issuance of Licence. Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 14 In July 2015, the Uxbridge gun club (Uxbridge Shooting Sports Inc.) filed an Application with Ontario Superior Court of Justice seeking to quash Uxbridge’s By-law. In the Application, the Uxbridge gun club alleged, amongst many things, that the prescribed noise levels were impossible to achieve. The Township of Uxbridge has since amended their By-law in February 2017. 2.13 Every Licence issued to a Shooting Range existing prior to this By-law coming into force and effect shall be subject to the following maximum sound level requirements: Maximum Sound Level A maximum of 60 dBAI Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level (LLM ) 2.15 Every Licence issued to a new Shooting Range established following this By-law coming into force and effect shall be subject to a maximum noise level of 45 dBAI effective immediately upon issuance of Licence. Douro Dummer, Cavan Monaghan, and Port Hope currently have outdoor ranges. None of these municipalities regulate the levels of noise. Staff from these municipalities report that there have not been any concerns brought to their attention to require regulatory intervention from a by-law perspective. 5. Changing Landscape Some area residents have raised concerns that the 407 construction will increase the level of noise with the clearing of trees and changing of the landscape. This could be an ongoing issue until the completion of the 407. Since the March testing was conducted the OFHC reported that another large area of trees were removed to the east of the club. A document written by Swallow acoustics for the RCMP identifies high traffic areas (major highways) as an ideal location for gun clubs. The average background noise from major highways falls between 60-70 dBAI, generally assisting in burying the noise emanating from gun club into the highway background noise. Additional items are identified in the RCMP document Ranges and Sound and Noise Management for Outdoor ranges. Ranging from natural barriers to Berms and enclosures, the OFHC and Pineridge clubs have implemented some the measures and are continually working to improve. Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 15 6. Enforcement Considerations 6.1 Testing Approach Investigation and enforcement of noise related matters fall within the scope of our Municipal Law Enforcement Division. Calls related to noise are prioritized based on existing call volumes and issues. Noise related files generally take a considerable amount of staff time as they often require numerous site visits. To date, the Municipal Law Enforcement staff have relied on the services of acoustical consultants to test for noise (whether it be relative to guns or other noises such as air conditioners). The consultants have the necessary equipment and are trained experts to calibrate and test. While not physically testing, Clarington enforcement staff usually attend the testing sites alongside the consultants. Depending on the issue, the costs of monitoring the levels of sound to the Municipality through an acoustic consultant can become exuberant. In this particular case, a total of $16,500 has been expended for the sound tests and the results reports between 2011 and 2017. Although not terribly often, there are occasions where a noise related issue may be more quickly resolved if we have in-house noise testing equipment and expertise. Staff are currently researching equipment, software and training options and expect to be including this in the 2018 budget submission. In the meantime, expert consultants will be relied on for any sound testing requirements. 6.2 Method to Setting Noise Limits As explained in Section 2 above, Clarington’s current Noise By-law sets the noise regulations based on a maximum level. NPC-300 sets the noise regulations based on the logarithmic mean average based on number of bursts over a period of time. The method of regulating does not impact the enforcement activities. For either method, the person testing (whether it be a consultant or a trained enforcement officer) would be expected to attend the property/properties and register the impulses over a set period of time (eg. 1 hour) to get a full understanding of the noise impact. 6.3 Possible By-law Change If Council wishes to follow Uxbridge’s example and change the existing noise limits for shooting ranges in Clarington, Noise By-law 2007-071 would need to be amended, and staff recommend that the maximum be set based on logarithmic mean as is currently included in NPC-300 rather than a set maximum level as set out in By-law 2007-071. To Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 16 implement such a new regulation, the following resolution (stated as Option 2 in the Recommendations section of this Report) would be appropriate: 1. That Report CLD-014-17 be received; 2. That sub-section 3.1.1 (a) of Clarington's Noise By-law 2007-071 be amended to reduce the maximum noise level of a shooting range from 70 dBAI to 60 dBAI Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level (LLM ) at the point of reception for any shooting range which began in operation prior to January 1, 1980; 3. That staff prepare a by-law to make such amendment to Noise By-law 2007-071 for presentation to Council on June 12, 2017; and 4. That all interested parties listed in Report CLD-014-17 and any delegations be advised of Council's decision. Proceeding with this option may present risks to the Municipality. These same risks and challenges are being addressed through the court proceedings in Uxbridge. 7. Concurrence This report has been reviewed by the Municipal Solicitor who concurs with the recommendations. 8. Conclusion By-law 2007-071 sets a maximum noise level for shooting ranges of 70 dBAI. Despite a number of mitigating measures employed by the OFHC, some area residents near the OFHC express great concern with the noise emanating from the gun club and do not agree with the current allowable maximum noise level. Staff presents the foregoing information to Council in consideration of options in assessing Clarington’s existing noise level regulations pertaining to shooting ranges. 9. Strategic Plan Application Not applicable. Municipality of Clarington Report CLD-014-17 Page 17 Submitted by: Reviewed by: C. Anne Greentree, Curry Clifford, MPA, CMO Municipal Clerk Interim CAO Staff Contact: Duncan Anderson, Manager of Municipal Law Enforcement, 905-623-3379 ext. 2110 or danderson@clarington.net Attachment 1 – Report CLD -017-11 Attachment 2 – Report CLD-024-11 Attachment 3 – Report CLD-033-11 Attachment 4 – Report CLD-007-12 Attachment 5 – Report CLD-027-12 Attachment 6 - 2015 Ministry of Community Safety and Corrections July 30th Range Inspection Attachment 7 - RCMP Shooting Ranges and Sound Attachment 8 - May 12, 2017 Swallow Thornton Tomasetti Report (October 22, 2016 Test) Attachment 9 - Orono Fish and Hunt Club April 28, 2017 Attachment 10 - Comparative Tests Attachment 11 - October 2017 Results Summary in Logarithmic Mean List of interested parties to be notified of Council's decision is on file in the Clerk's Department. Clanigtoil REPORT CLERK'S DEPARTMENT i Meeting GENERAL PURPOSE AND ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE Date June 27, 2011 Resoluti+q : '>PA4'42'II By-law#: 011 ,-(:)6 I e ('/tetra •w Report* CLD-017-11 Fiie#: d'4@` Subject AMENDMENTS TO-NOISE BY-LAW RECOMMENDATIONS: It is respectfully recommended that the General Purpose and Administration Committee recommend to Council the following: 1. THAT Report CLD-017-11 be received; 2. THAT the amendment to the Noise By-law attached to Report CLD-017-11 be forwarded to Council for approval; and 3. THAT the interested parties listed in Report CLD-017-11be advised of Council's actions If Submitted b . cir//. . Revlevved b . ly rrie, CMO y Franklin Wu, un i•'•al Clerk Chief Administrative Officer PAB/ic CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON 40 TEMPERANCE STREET, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO L1C 3A6 T 905-623-3379 Attachment 1 to Report CLD-014-17 REPORT NO.: CLD-017-11 PAGE 2 Pursuant to the GPA Resolution (#GPA-406-11) approved by Council on June 7t", 2011, Staff were directed to, "review the current Noise By-law 2007-071 and, where appropriate, update the language and provisions of the By-law as they relate to the regulation of noise coming from shooting ranges within the Municipality." In order to undertake this review Staff have looked into the history of the changes to the Clarington Noise By-law. 1.0 SHOOTING RANGES 1.1 BACKGROUND In 1985 Staff were requested to examine the need for a comprehensive noise by-law. On March 20th, 1985 Council invited the public to submit their comments on the proposed by-law. Among the responses received were requests from the Union Rod and Gun Club and the Orono Fish and Hunt Club requesting that they be exempted from the By-law. For reasons unknown the By-law never went forward until July 31St 1987. At that time, the requests from the Union Rod and Gun Club and the Orono Fish and Hunt Club were approved and included in the by-law. An exemption was also provided for the Marksmen Club of Oshawa. In 1989 more amendments were requested and Council repealed the By-law and replaced it with By-law 89-184. This by-law carried forward the noise exemption for the shooting ranges and added a curfew of 11:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. from Sunday night to Saturday morning. On Saturday the curfew began at 11:00 p.m. and ran through to 9:00 a.m. on Sunday. Provided that the ranges observed the curfew hours, they were free to conduct their business without impediment. In 1994 new complaints forced a change to the operation of the Marksmen Club. The outdoor range was being used by the Durham Regional Police for training purposes. An environmental Noise Assessment Study was conducted on their outdoor shotgun range. REPORT NO.: CL®-017-11 PAGE 3 The firm of Howe Gastmeier Chapnik Limited was retained by the Municipality to conduct the testing. Because the outdoor range had been constructed after 1980 it was required to meet the then current Ministry of Environment and Energy (MOEE) standard of 50 dBAI. Testing showed that the existing exterior berming and shielding had reduced the noise levels to between 67 to 73 dBAI. The firm concluded that there would be no further action that the Club could take that would bring the sound level down to the required 50 dBAI. As a result the exterior noise exemption for the Marksmen Club was deleted from the By-law but the overall exemption, which also regulated noise from the indoor range remained in place. Since both the Orono Fish and Hunt Club and the Union Rod and Gun Club pre- dated the 1980 standard, they had only to achieve a level of 70 dBAI to comply with MOEE standards. In 1997 specific noise restrictions and criteria were imposed by the Municipality to deal with increasing concerns at the Mosport Park race tracks. These amendments required the track operator to meet specific noise levels and required detailed testing procedures. In 2004 those levels were repealed. In 2007 the entire by-law was overhauled to modify and update enforcement procedures. At that time there was no intent to alter the direction or application of the existing provisions of the by-law. Among those provisions were the existence of the curfew provisions and the overall exemption for the existing shooting ranges. Other than the Marksmen Club the exemptions were intended to continue. A review of the 2007 by-law was conducted in relation to the latest GPA Resolution and shows that there was an unintended oversight. The overnight curfew was maintained but the wording of the exemption was not included. This year Staff have received complaints from citizens in the area of the Orono Fish and Hunt Club concerning the ongoing noise from the range. The range is currently used by REPORT NO.: CLD-017-11 PAGE 4 the members of the Gun Club and the local detachment of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police as their training range. This increase in use has resulted in higher than normal complaints from the neighbours. 1.2 INVESTIGATION AND COMMENT Section 4 of Newcastle By-law 87-131 stated in part, the by-law shall not apply to a person who permits or causes the emission of sound connection with any of the traditional, festive, religious activities and such other activities listed hereunder: ... 0 Orono Fish and Hunt Club, shooting range; g) Union Rod and Gun Club, shooting range; h) the Marksmen Club of Oshawa, shooting range;... The 1989 By-law, 89-184 created a set of curfew times for the ranges to ensure overnight peace and quiet. It also stated in Section 5, It is noted that noises emanating from such operations shall not be considered a violation when said operations are carried on outside the time periods set out by a curfew. This overriding exemption does not appear in the current Noise By-law 2007- 071. The staff report (CLD-010-07) which accompanied By-law 2007-071 made no reference to the deletion of the noise exemption; however it did itemize other changes which were proposed in the by-law. While the exemption had originally existed for all ranges, it is within Council's scope of authority to remove the exemption thus placing the ranges on the same level of enforcement as any other activity in the Municipality save and except those industries for which 24 hour operation is a necessary fact. REPORT NO.: CL®-017-11 PAGE 5 In 1978 the Ministry of the Environment produced a document called "Model Municipal Noise Control By-law: Final Report". This set the upper limit for noise emanating from a shooting range in a rural setting at 70 dBAI. This was adopted as the standard province-wide. The level was reduced in 1980 to 50 dBAI however the previous level was recognized as still valid for pre-existing facilities. In 1995 the Ministry produced Publication NPC-232, "Sound Level Limits For Stationary Sources in Class 3 Areas (Rural)". Section 8(2) of the publication states: 8. SOUND LEVEL LIMITS - SPECIFIC IMPULSIVE SOUNDS 2) For impulsive sound, other than Quasi-Steady Impulsive Sound, from a stationary source which is the discharge of firearms on the premises of a licensed gun club, the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area, expressed in terms of the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level (LAM), is: 70 dBAI if the gun club were operating before January 1, 1980; or 50 dBAI if the gun club began to operate after January 1, 1980 The proposed amendment will establish a maximum noise level for the existing ranges of 70 dBAI in accordance with the Ministry's guidelines and 50 dBAI for any new ranges which may come along. 1.3 CURFEW Currently the ranges all have a curfew of 11:00 p.m. For many young families this is long after the bedtime of the children. The ranges are not set up for ongoing night-time operations. Staff are recommending that the curfew on night-time operations begin at 9:00 p.m during the week and 4 p.m. on Sundays. REPORT NO.: CLD-017-11 PAGE 6 2.0 CONSTRUCTION NOISE CURFEW 2.1 BACKGROUND Currently the Noise By-law sets a construction noise curfew time of 11:00 p.m. until 7:00 a.m. the following day, Monday through Saturday, 11:00 p.m. Saturday night until 10:00 a.m. Sunday and 5:00 p.m. on Sunday until 7:00 a.m. Monday morning. The By-law goes on to state: 3. 3 A noise curfew shall apply to any noise from any excavation or construction work whatsoever, including the erection, demolition, alteration or repair of any building; b) except in the case of urgent necessity and then only under prior authorization from the Municipality. 3.4 During the time when construction, excavation or demolition work is permitted on Sunday as outlined in Section 3. 3 above, such work shall not include the operation of any mechanically powered excavation or earth moving equipment. 2. 2 COMMENT During the review Staff have come to the conclusion that 11:00 p.m. is too late to allow construction noise to continue. Staff are therefore recommending that the termination time be reduced to 9:00 p.m. This would still allow the homeowner to undertake work in the evenings after returning from their daytime job while not severely impacting the neighbours. Staff do note that there is a need to provide an exemption for construction noise during the non-curfew times to prevent frivolous complaints and have added an exemption similar to that which formally existed for the gun ranges. REPORT NO.: CLD-017-11 PAGE 7 3.0 CONCLUSION While the outdoor exemptions for the Orono Fish and Hunt Club, the Union Rod and Gun Club and the indoor range at the Marksmen Club have existed for several years it has always been a special status not enjoyed by other groups within the Municipality. The removal of that status and the imposition of maximum sound levels will make for a more tranquil environment for the neighbours surrounding the three clubs. If a new range is started anywhere in Clarington, the operators will have to comply with the lower noise level standard. The imposition of a lower sound level for any new ranges is in accordance with the Ministry of the Environment's "Publication NPC 232" for operations which began after January 1 St 1980. The imposition of the 9:00 p.m. curfew for construction noise will help to better regulate construction activities within the Municipality, while the exemption during normal business hours will allow companies to work without undue municipal interference. It is therefore recommended that the by-law attached hereto be forwarded to Council for passage. Interested Parties: Todd Newman, Orono Fish and Hunt Club Union Rod and Gun Club The Marskmen Club THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON BY-LAW 2011- Being a By-law amend Noise By-law 2007-071 WHEREAS Section 129 of the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, Chapter 25 states that a local municipality may prohibit and regulate noise; AND WHEREAS The Council of the Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington deems it appropriate to amend By-law 2007-071, which is a by-law to regulate noise levels within the Municipality of Clarington; NOW THEREFORE the Council of the Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington enacts as follows: 1. Section 1. 1 of By-law 2007-071 is deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: No person shall ring any bell, blow or sound any horn or cause the same to be rung, blown or sounded, or shout or create, cause or permit any unusual or excessive noises which, at the point of reception, are likely to disturb any other inhabitant of the Municipality of Clarington. 2. Section 3.1 of By-law 2007-071 is deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: 3.1 A noise curfew shall apply to the following shooting ranges within the Municipality of Clarington: a) the Orono Fish and Hunt Club; b) the Union Rod and Gun Club; and c) the Marksman Club of Oshawa. This curfew shall be from 9:00 p.m. until 8:00 a.m. the following day (Monday through Saturday), 9:00 p.m. Saturday until 10:00 a.m. Sunday, and 4:00 p.m. Sunday until 8:00 a.m. Monday. 11.1 During non-curfew times, any noise emanating from the use of a shooting range shall not exceed: a) 70 dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation prior to January 1" 1980; or b) 50 dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation after January 1St 1980. 2.0 Section 3.3 of By-law 2007-071 is deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: 3.3 A noise curfew shall apply to any noise from any excavation or construction work whatsoever, including the erection, demolition, alteration or repair of any building from 9:00 p.m. until 7:00 a.m. the following day, (Monday through Saturday), 9:00 p.m. Saturday until 10:00 a.m. Sunday, and from 4:00 p.m. Sunday until 7:00 a.m. Monday. 3.3.1 For the purposes of this by-law, noise related to construction work shall be interpreted to include the starting, idling and warming up of any truck or mechanically powered excavation or earth moving equipment. 3. 3.2 Noises emanating from the operations described in sections 3.3 and 3.3.1 shall not be considered to be a violation under this by- law when said operations are carried on outside the time periods set out by a curfew. 3.3.3 Notwithstanding any other provision to contrary, Council may authorize construction work to be carried on outside the curfew restrictions set out in this By-law only in the case of urgent necessity and then only under prior authorization from Council. 3. 0 Should any section, clause or provision of this By-law be declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, the same shall not affect the validity of this By-law as a whole or any part thereof, other than the part so declared to be invalid. 4.0 The provisions of this by-law shall come into full force and effect immediately upon its final passing by Council. BY-LAW read and passed in open session this `h day of July, 2011 Mayor Municipal Clerk Clarington REPORT CLERK'S Meeting: GENERAL PURPOSE AND ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE Date: Sept. 12, 2011 Resolution#: 1 By-law#: Report#: CLD-024-11 File#: Subject: RESULTS OF MEDIATION MEETING - SHOOTING CLUB NOISE RECOMMENDATIONS: It is respectfully recommended that the General Purpose and Administration Committee recommend to Council the following: 1. THAT Report CLD-024-11 be received; 2. THAT an expenditure not to exceed $5,800.00 be approved, the funds to come from Account # 19-191-00000-7161 By-law Enforcement— Professional Fees, to retain the services of Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd.; and 3. THAT all interested parties listed in Report CLD-024-11 be advised of Council's decision. f Submitted by: Reviewed by:4iunlcipallL. B rie Franklin Wu Clerk Chief Administrative Officer PLB/LDC CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON 40 TEMPERANCE STREET, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO L1C 3A6 T 905-623-3379 Attachment 2 to Report CLD-014-17 REPORT NO.: CLD-024-11 PAGE 2 BACKGROUND AND COMMENT On July 4, 2011 Council passed By-law 2011-068, amending the Noise By-law. This amendment affects the gun clubs and their users by redefining the times of operation for the clubs. At that time, Council passed a resolution which reads, in part: THAT the shooting clubs, law enforcement agencies, area residents and staff communicate on how they can move forward on this matter to meet the limits as set forth in the proposed draft by-law in items 1 and 2 with an effective date of September 19, 2011;" Subsequent to Council passing this resolution, staff arranged a meeting with the affected parties. In order to deal fairly and openly with all sides, staff retained the services of an outside mediator, Valerie Hazlett Parker, a solicitor and trained mediator with several years experience. All involved parties were asked to submit a brief of their concerns which would be distributed to the other individuals attending the meeting. Only one participant, Ms. Nancy Wilson, forwarded any documentation. Ms. Hazlett Parker and all parties were supplied with copies of these documents as well as background material from staff. On August 16th this year, a meeting was convened at the Municipal Administrative Centre. Present were representatives from the Leskard community, the Union Rod and Gun Club, the Orono Fish and Hunt Club, the Marksmen Club of Oshawa, the RCMP, the Canadian Pacific Railway Police, the Chief Firearms Officer, the Ministry of Natural Resources' Bear Response Team and Municipal Clerks' Department staff. The main issue centered on the Orono club and the increased use of the facilities by the various enforcement agencies. Local residents stated that they did not have an issue with the "regular users" of the club or the original frequency of the shooting. The problems arose when the enforcement agencies began to use the facility for training of their officers. At that point the intensity, frequency and volume of the noise increased dramatically. Where residents had been used to the Club being used only two days each week, Wednesday and Sunday, they were now listening to the sound of shooting five and six days for several weeks at a time. The mediator focused the discussion on how the gun clubs planned to deal with the concerns of the residents. Representatives from the Union Rod and Gun Club stated that they had installed large sound attenuation berms around the property and done tree planting along the berms. The trees help break up the sound waves and the berms absorb and deflect the sound waves. The representative from the Orono club stated that the club is in the process of purchasing an unopened road allowance along the east side of the property to be used to construct a large berm to absorb and deflect the sound travelling east toward the hamlet of Leskard. REPORT NO.: CLD-024-11 PAGE 3 According to the representative, studies conducted by the National Association of Shooting Ranges have shown that the berms will decrease the noise levels by approximately 10 decibels. In addition, they will be installing noise baffles around the pistol range itself and in the area of the targets to absorb some of the sound at its source. Several residents voiced the concern that the 70 decibel level that was established by By-law 2011-068 is too high and want it reduced to 50 decibels. There is a new draft guideline in the preparation stage at the Ministry of the Environment which, if left unchanged, would recommend a noise level of 50 decibels irrespective of when a gun club or shooting range first operated. This document entitled NPC-300 is a draft document only and, if approved, would form part of the Provincial Guidelines. As such, it is not enforceable legislation. It is only a guideline, as NPC-232 currently is, which can be considered by municipalities when making land use planning decisions and/or regulating noise limits through noise by-laws. A concern was raised about the frequency of shooting on the range. It was felt by several residents that if the range was going to be allowed legal non-conforming status then the members have to abide by the terms and use of the range as it was first established, that being shooting only twice each week. This view is not correct. Legal non-conforming status speaks only to the land use, not the hours or days of operation. The Orono Fish and Hunt Club existed at its' current location prior to the enacting of the first Clarke Township Zoning By-law, therefore it has a right to continue operation. Zoning regulations do not speak to frequency, intensity of use or times of operation, simply whether or not the use is permitted on the land. The clubs indicated that they are open to having their sound levels monitored and would also like to conduct independent monitoring on the neighbouring properties to determine the effectiveness of their efforts. Also, the Orono club advised that they would address the matter of reducing the hours of operation with their Board of Directors and perhaps shorten the times available to the enforcement agencies. All parties agreed that, in the case of the Orono Fish and Hunt club a firm schedule of use would be most helpful to the area residents so that they can plan their activities around the use of the range and thereby minimize the impact on their lives. At the conclusion of the meeting several of the residents stayed behind to talk privately with the Orono representatives. A schedule will be drawn up of all Orono's shooting activities for the year and made available to the local residents. CONCURRENCE This Report has been reviewed by Nancy Taylor, Director of Finance/Treasurer and Andrew Allison, Municipal Solicitor, who concur with the recommendations. REPORT NO.: CLD-024-11 PAGE 4 CONCLUSION Ms Hazlett Parker prepared a report for staff on the meeting. In her conclusion Ms Hazlett Parker stated: After lengthy discussions and statements made by everyone present, who wished to be heard, a number of agreements were reached. They include the following: 1. Neighbouring residents of the Orono Fish and Hunt Club will allow Gun Club members onto their properties to conduct sound tests. They agreed that after the meeting they would exchange contact information so that this could be organized directly. 2. The Orono Fish and Hunt Club will give advance notice of special events to nearby residents as far in advance as possible. 3. The Orono Fish and Hunt Club is in the process of acquiring a properly calibrated sound meter from Cameco, which they will use under various weather conditions, to take sound reading. 4. The Representative for the Orono Fish and Hunt Club would take to his Board the possibility of reducing the hours of operation of the Orono Fish and Hunt Club." The process of purchasing the abandoned road allowance is proceeding through the Engineering Services Department as per Municipal procedure. A report to that effect is being considered by the General Purpose and Administration Committee on September 12, 2011. It is staff's opinion that the meeting and the use of an independent mediator were helpful in bringing both sides together and will lead to better relations and a general improvement for all concerned. With regard to the noise levels at the range, staff have contacted Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. to arrange for them to conduct sound monitoring in the area when the range is in use. This will provide staff with a baseline for measuring the current noise levels and the effects of any future work done by the club to reduce the noise. The cost of the sound monitoring is estimated at $5,800 and will require a few weeks to complete. The Municipal Law Enforcement Division is prepared to retain the firm to conduct the monitoring however the cost exceeds the funds currently available in the Division's Operating Budget. Staff are therefore seeking approval for this expense. CONFORMITY WITH STRATEGIC PLAN — Not applicable STAFF CONTACT: Len Creamer, Manager, Municipal Law Enforcement REPORT NO.: CLD-024-11 PAGE 5 LIST OF INTERESTED PARTIES TO BE ADVISED OF COUNCIL'S DECISION Ard Neiman Resident Ron Alldred Orono Fish & Hunt Club Tony Bernardo Orono Fish & Hunt Club John Baker The Marksmen Club of Oshawa Karen McArthur Resident Nancy Wilson Resident Alan Risebrough Resident Elizabeth Macleod Resident Bruce Blight Resident Rick Roddy President Orono Fish & Hunt Club Brady Hooker Vice-President Orono Fish & Hunt Club Kelly Adams Resident Steve Cody RCMP Shelly Richards Resident Lynne Richards Resident Sue Richards Resident Ron Kirst CP Rail Police Tammy Gould Resident Paul Young Union Rod and Gun Club Hank Krawczyk Chief Firearms Office MUNICIPAL Cladiwn REPORT Meeting: GENERAL PURPOSE AND ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE Date: November 28, 2011 Resolution#: By-law#: Report#: CLD-033-11 i e Subject: RESULTS OF NOISE INVESTIGATION , ORONO FISH AND HUNT CLUB RECOMMENDATIONS: It is respectfully recommended that the General Purpose and Administration Committee recommend to Council the following: 1. THAT Report CLD-033-11 be received; and 2. THAT all interested parties listed in Report CLD-033-11 be advised of Council's decision. Submitted by: Reviewed by: Z i rie, Franklin Wu, ici` al Clerk Chief Administrative Officer PLB/LDC CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON 40 TEMPERANCE STREET, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO L1C 3A6 T 905-623-3379 Attachment 3 to Report CLD-014-17 REPORT NO.: CLD-033-11 PAGE 2 1. BACKGROUND At the General Purpose and Administration Committee meeting held on September 12, 2011 Resolution GPA-556-11 was passed, authorizing the expenditure of up to 5,800.00 to retain the services of Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. (SACL) to determine the current sound levels of operations at the Orono Fish and Hunt Club. Staff attended a number of properties on September 20 and October 6 in the company of Aaron Wood of SACL. Mr. Wood is an Engineer and he was in attendance to take sound readings from surrounding properties to determine whether or not the existing sound levels of the Club meet or exceed the permitted 70 dBAI limit established in By-law 2001-071, as amended. 2. INVESTIGATION For the purposes of obtaining sound readings staff and Mr. Wood attended six properties and obtained readings while the RCMP was conducting their training exercises. The community members who spoke at the Mediation meeting held on August 16t" had identified the level of noise emanating from the RCMP training as being the most disturbing. The properties where the readings were taken are indicated on the map attached to this report as Page 6 of Attachment#1. 3. DIFFERING INTERPRETATIONS SACL raised a concern with the difference in the wording between the Clarington Noise By-law and the standard as set out in the Ministry of the Environment's publication NPC-232 "Sound Level Limits for Stationary Sources in Class 3 Areas (Rural), October 1995". Section 3.1. 1 of the By-law states that: During non-curfew times, any noise emanating from the use of a shooting range shall not exceed: a) 70 dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation prior to January 1st 1980 or(b) 50 dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation after January 1 st 1980." while Section 8.(2) of the MOE noise publication states that: For impulsive sound...from a stationary source which is the discharge of firearms on the premises of a licensed gun club, the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area, expressed in terms of the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level (LLM), is...70 dBAI if the gun club were operating before January 1, 1980..." REPORT NO.: CLD-033-11 PAGE 3 The subtle difference between the two documents is that Clarington's by-law sets a maximum permitted noise level of 70 dBAI. The MOE standard can be interpreted that a single impulsive sound occurrence can exceed the maximum level of 70 dBAI as long as the average over a number of readings does not exceed 70 dBAI limit. The more stringent 70 dBAI limit in the Clarington by-law was applied to assess the compliance. 4. RESULTS The initial results of the readings showed that two of the test sites minimally exceeded the permitted limit, however when these readings were extrapolated to provide a "Worst Case Scenario" the numbers increased into the mid 70s for three of the test properties ie, one additional property). In their report, SACL provides two possible solutions: 1. Limit the number of shooters at any one time to no more than three people; or 2. Construct acoustic barriers or berms along the north, east and south boundaries of the property. These barriers would vary in height from 2 metres along the south property line to a maximum of 5 metres on the north-east. The Orono Fish and Hunt Club have indicated that they are prepared to proceed with the second solution noted above. Their intent is to purchase the unopened road allowance which runs north and south along the east side of their property. Once the land is acquired they will construct a berm of sufficient size to reduce and contain the noise. The Club is currently in discussion with Engineering Services to acquire the land. The following items have already been completed: The formal Application for Road Closure and Conveyance has been received. Consent for the proposed closure from all other property owners situated adjacent to the subject road allowance has been obtained. The application fee of$250 has been paid. The plan of survey required to prepare the deed has been received. All municipal departments, other governments and outside agencies have now endorsed the road closure in principle. Initial formal approval from Municipal Council has been obtained. REPORT NO.: CLD-033-11 PAGE 4 The following items remain outstanding: The Municipality will require payment of$3,500 + HST for the cost of an appraisal of the land value. The appraisal will be prepared by a certified property appraiser who has been retained by the Municipality. The Municipality must advertise the proposed road closure in local newspapers. The Municipality must prepare by-laws to legally close the road and convey ownership. Payment for the land value as well as all legal, advertising and other costs associated with the closure and conveyance must be paid to the Municipality. The Club must retain the services of a lawyer to complete the final land transfer. The Club must pay any land transfer tax. The Club must complete any other terms or conditions deemed necessary by the Director of Engineering Services. 5. CONCURRENCE This report has been reviewed by Andy Allison, Municipal Solicitor and Tony Cannella, Director of Engineering Services, who concur with the recommendations. 6. CONCLUSION The results of the Noise Study have shown that there is a problem which must be dealt with by the Orono club. As noted above, they have indicated a willingness to work to correct the problem. Should that not occur, staff are prepared to initiate proceedings against the Club. CONFORMITY WITH STRATEGIC PLAN — Not Applicable Staff Contact: Len Creamer, Manager, Municipal Law Enforcement Attachments: Attachment 1 - Swallow Noise Report REPORT NO.: CLD-033-11 PAGE 5 List of interested parties to be advised of Council's decision: Ard Neiman Ron Alldred, President, Orono Fish and Hunt Club Tony Bernardo Karen McArthur Nancy Wilson Alan Risebrough Elizabeth MacLeod Bruce Blight Rick Roddy, President, Union Rod & Gun Club Brady Hooker, Vice-President, Union Rod & Gun Club Kelly Adams Steve Cody Shelly Richards Lynne & Sue Richards Ron Kirst, Canadian Pacific Railway Police Tammy Gould Paul and Sharon Young, Union Rod & Gun Club Orono Fish and Hunt Club The Marksmen Club Jeremy Ross Dianne Vetzal Mike Box Dean Link Keith Linton Tammy Gould Anne Ball Al Risebrough Greg Farrant, Ontario Federation of Anglers & Hunters SWALLY)W Attachment No. 1 to Report CLD-033-11 Noise Study Report Gun Club 3292 Concession Road 7 Clarington, Ontario Prepared for The Municipality of Clarington 40 Temprence Street Bowmanville, ON L1C 3A6 Prepared by 7V on Wood,M.Eng. Approved by w rp rx 40 w, M.A.Sc., P.Eng. Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23 Mississauga,ON L5G 4S5 T: 905-271-7888, lac 905-2714846 November 8, 2011 11128 SWALL$5W Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Table of Contents 1. Introduction......................................................................................................................... 1 2. Facility Description............................................................................................................. 1 3. Noise Sources...................................................................................................................... 1 4. Points of Reception............................................................................................................. 2 5. Sound Level Limit .............................................................................................................. 2 6. Sound Level Measurements................................................................................................ 3 7. Worst-case Scenario............................................................................................................ 3 8. Noise Impacts at Critical Receptors.................................................................................... 3 I 9. Noise Control Measure .......................................................................................................4 10. Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 5 Figure 1 : Locations of Gun Club and PORs ............................................................................ 6 Figure2: Gun Club Layout.......................................................................................................... 7 Figure 3: 12 Targets of 25-metre Range.................................................................................. 8 Figure 4: 10 RCMP Shooting Positions.................................................................................... 9 Figure 5: RCMP Officers Shooting Together......................................................................... 10 Figure 6: Barrier Heights and Locations................................................................................. 11 Appendix A: Clarington By-law and MOE Noise Guideline................................................. 12 Appendix B: Measurements Raw Data................................................................................... 17 i SWALILbW Acoustics, Nome&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (131-128)Page 1 1. INTRODUCTION The Municipality of Clarington has retained the services of Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd SACL) to prepare an Acoustic Assessment Report for an existing gun club at 3292 Concession Road 7 in Clarington, Ontario. The area surrounding the site is generally farm lands. There are residences around 600 metre away at the northeast and south of the gun club. An area map showing the location of the gun club is provided in Figure 1. The assessment was required by the Municipality to assist in investigating the noise complaints filed against the gun club operation. 2. FACILITY DESCRIPTION The gun club is located approximately 700 metres north of Concession Road 7, and 600 metres east of Leskard Road. The gun club is approximately 140 meters in length (north to south) and 110 meters in width (east to west). A map showing the layout of the gun club is provided in Figure 2. It includes a 25-metre range, a 50-metre range, a 100-metre range, and a trap shooting area near the centre of the gun club. The 25-metre one has 12 shooting targets, the most among the 3 ranges. The 12 targets are shown in Figure 3. With regard to the noise complaints, SACL learned the following information from the Municipality; 1) The gun club has been operated since 1960s; 2) The nearby residents used to tolerate the noise from the gun club, until 3) In recent years since the gun club hosted RCMP shooting training. 4) The residents complained that the RCMP shooting training was significantly more annoying than the operation of the gun club before its hosting the training, because the training often involved a team of officers shooting simultaneously, rather than amateurs shooting separately. 3. NOISE SOURCES SACL conducted site visits on September 20 and October 6, 2011. There were about 20 RCMP officers on site for training sessions on September 20 and 14 officers on October 6. Each day they were divided into two teams, On September 20, SACL staff eye-witnessed one team was for shooting which occupied 8 of the 10 shooting positions of a range. A photo of the 10 shooting positions is provided as Figure 4. A photo of officers in shooting positions is provided in Figure 5. The other team was out of the shooting ranges, conducting non-shooting training activities. The major noise sources were officers firing their pistols simultaneously. Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALILJ W I Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Clarington—Gun (131-128) Page 2 On October 6, SACL staff heard the sound of shooting while measuring noise impact at residences along Leskard Road and Concession Road 7. When SACL staff arrived at the gun club around lunch time, the officers were having their snacks. SACL learned the number of officers and the dividing them into two teams from conversing with an RCMP officer on site. 4. POINTS OF RECEPTION The critical points of reception (PORs), where the noise impacts are expected to be greatest, occurs at the nearest noise sensitive land use. We learned from the Municipality of Clarington that the residents of the PORs in Table 1 complained most of the noise from the gun club. The locations of the PORs are also indicated in Figure 1. Table 1: PORs ID Address Distance to Note Gun Club m POR1 7506 Leskard Road 520 Backyard, 30 metres from the house POR2 7580 Leskard Road 610 Backyard, 30 metres from the house POR3 7606 Leskard Road 620 Backyard,30 metres from the house POR4 7782 Leskard Road 1050 Backyard, property line,20 metres from the house POR5 7685 Leskard Road 840 Front yard, 30 metres from the house POR6 3283 Concession Road 7 630 Backyard, 30 metres from the house 5. SOUND LEVEL LIMIT Section 3.1.1 of the Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington By-law 2011-068 states that: During non-curfew times, any noise emanating from the use of a shooting range shall not exceed: (a) 70 dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation prior to January 1" 1980 or (b) SO dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation after January 1st 1980. Section 8.(2) of the Ontario Ministry of the Environment noise publication NPC-232 "Sound Level Limits for Stationary Sources in Class 3 Areas (Rural), October 1995" states that: For impulsive sound...from a stationary source which is the discharge offirearms on the premises of a licensed gun club, the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area, expressed in terms of the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level(LLM), is...70 dBAI if the gun club were operating before January 1, 1980... There is a subtle difference between the 70 dBAI in Clarington by-law and MOE noise publication. The wording of "shall not exceed...70 dBAI" can be interpreted that it is the Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALILbW Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Clarington—Gun (131-128)Page 3 maximum impulsive sound level that is allowed by the by-law. The wording of "Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level (LLM), is...70 dBAI" can be interpreted that a single impulsive sound occurrence can exceed the maximum level of 70 dBAI as long as the "logarithmic mean (a type of averaging algorithm) impulse sound level" meets the 70 dBAI limit. Alternatively speaking, the limit is Clarington by-law can be interpreted to be more stringent than the MOE limit. The more stringent 70 dBAI limit in the Clarington by-law is selected to assess the compliance. A copy of the by-law and two pages of the MOE NPC-232 are provided in Appendix A. G. SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS 6.1 Instrumentation Sound level measurements were taken in the afternoon of September 20, 2011 and in the morning of October 6, 2010 with a Bruel & Kjaer hand-held analyzer type 2250, serial number 2630269. It was calibrated before and after measurements with a Bruel & Kjaer sound calibrator type 4231, serial number 2623794. A wind shield was used during all outdoor measurements. 6.2 Meteorology There was no precipitation during site visits. The wind was less than 5 kilometers per hours. The temperature was about 20 degree Celsius during September 20 site visit, about 15 degree Celsius during October 6 site visit. The atmospheric pressure was about 100 kilopascals. The humidity was about 80%. 63 Measurements Sound level measurements were taken at the gun club at about 100 meters behind 8 RCMP officers firing pistols simultaneously and at about 20 meters behind one officer firing one pistol for 20 shots. Sound level measurements were also taken at critical receptors POR1-6. 7. WORST-CASE SCENARIO We assume that the worst-case scenario is 12 RCMP officers shooting simultaneously because a) the range with most targets have 12 targets, consequently 12 shooting positions; (b) the RCMP shooting noise is the most complained activity; and (c) due to safety concerns, there will be no other shooting while RCMP training is underway. 8. NOISE IMPACTS AT CRITICAL RECEPTORS The maximum impulsive sound levels measured at critical receptors during RCMP officers' shooting are listed in Table 2. Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALILS5W Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (B1-128) Page Table 2: Maximum Impulsive Sound Levels at PORs Location Measurement dBAI Worst-case Prediction dBAI Compliance POR1 66.7 69.7 Yes POR2 71.1 74.1 No POR3 65.0 68.0 Yes POR4 66.8 69.8 Yes POR5 72.4 75.4 No PORE 69.9 72.9 No For each location in Table 2, the maximum impulsive sound level of the worst-case prediction is 3 dB higher than that of the measurement. The reason for the 3 dB difference is explained below. Sound level measurements were taken at the site of the gun club on September 20, 2011. The measured maximum impulsive sound levels are listed in Table 3. Table 3: Maximum Impulsive Sound Levels Gun Club ID Distance m Level dBAI Note L1a 98 101.0 Measured behind 8 RCMP officers shooting simultaneous) L2a 21 105.1 Measured behind 1 RCMP officers firing 20 shots continuous) L1 b 100 100.8 L1 a ex olated to 100 meters L2b 100 91.5 L2a expolated to 100 meters It can be seen in Table 3 that the difference between Llb and L2b is 9.3 dBAI, which corresponds well with the relationship that doubling the number of same sources will increase the sound level by 3 dB at same distance under same acoustical condition; reversely, halving the number of same sources will reduce the sound level by 3 dB at same distance under same acoustical condition. During the site visit on October 6, 2011, SACL staff learned that there were 14 officers equally divided into 2 teams, each with 7 officers. We assumed that there were 5 to 6 officers in a team firing simultaneously, with 1 or 2 officers in the team as instructors. Since the 25-meter range in the club has 12 shooting positions, we assume that in Table 2 the predicted worst-case sound levels should be approximately 3 dB higher than those of measurements. 9. NOISE CONTROL MEASURE Since there is non-compliance in Table 2, we recommend the gun club choose either of the following noise control options. Option 1:Acoustic Barriers Acoustic barriers or berms shall be built along the north, east and south boundaries of the gun club to fully block the line-of-site between the gun club and POR1-6. The acoustic Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALILS6W Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Clarington—Gun (B1-128)Page 5 barriers shall made of durable material, with minimum surface density of 20 kg/m2, structurally sound, appropriate to wind and snow load, designed and constructed without cracks or gaps. Any gaps under the barriers necessary for drainage purpose shall be minimized and localized. The recommended locations and minimum heights of the barriers in Fib are based on elevations of the gun club and POR1-6 in Google Earth, It is recommended that when elevation information or contour maps of the study area are available from another source, they should be submitted to an acoustical consultant for review. Option 2; Operational Changes No more than 3 people in the shooting range shall fire their guns simultaneously. Preferably they should fire consecutively, one after one. The reasoning for this option is explained below: As stated in the last paragraph of Section 8, it was assumed that 5 to 6 officers in a team firing simultaneously during the site visit on October 6, 2011. The highest impulsive sound level measured during site visit is 72.4 dBAI at POR5, which is less than 3 dB higher than the limit of 70 dBAI, By reducing the number of people firing simultaneously to 3 (about half of the assumed 5 to 6 officers), the sound levels at PORs are expected to be lowered by approximately 3 dB as described in the last second paragraph of Section 8. 10. CONCLUSION SACL conducted a noise study of the gun club at 3292 Concession Road 7, Clarington, Ontario. Based on measured sound levels (see Table 2 in Section 8) at critical receptors regarding the impulsive sound of the most complained RCMP officers' firing pistols together, it is predicted that noise impacts will not be totally in accordance with the sound level limit of 70 dBAI in the Clarington By-law 2011-068, under worst-case scenario (described in Section 7). Therefore it is recommended that the noise control measure (described in Section 9) should be implemented. Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALL)-) Noise&Vibration Control Clarin• • dF r r PAR • , J Y r i?C)R mega 0 9 i s Base Solutions 5.SQn-, ±• Rp3al kl F3ogle amage ry'(}af9fy`'-i21^s1,i2UQ, cd°DO'4d d1'N^78° 40.79"W elyd 39 m Figure • • of and PORs Swallow Acoustic Consultants • Nov 1 SWALLi`)w Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (B1-128)Page 7 K jr SV fK A r. TRAP / vc f Soon Pa-YOt 32 2 MUL PtsTO y Figure 2: Gun Club Layout Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALLOW0 Acoustics. Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (131-128)Page 8 r, a Figure 3: 12 Targets of 25-metre Range Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALL,,bw Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (131-128)Page 9 ilk r4 7 9"I' I Figure 4: 10 RCMP Shooting Positions Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALILS6W Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (B1-128) Page 10 A. 1 y r Y Figure 5: RCMP Officers Shooting Together Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALLI, W I, 0 Acoustics.Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (131-128) Page 11 15 Iii IMP A r s w y GA i t' Figure 6: Barrier Heights and Locations Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALIL$bW Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (B1-128) Page 12 Appendix A: Clarington By-law and MOE Noise Guideline Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALL15W Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (B1-128) Page 13 THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON BY-LAW 2011-068 Being a By-law to amend Noise By-law 2007-071 WHEREAS Section 129 of the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O.2001, Chapter 25 states that a local municipality may prohibit and regulate noise; AND WHEREAS The Council of the Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington deems it appropriate to amend By-law 2007-071,which is a by-law to regulate noise levels within the Municipality of Clarington; NOW THEREFORE the Council of the Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington enacts as follows: 1. Section 1. 1 of By-law 2007-071 is deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: No person shall ring any bell, blow or sound any horn or cause the same to be rung, blown or sounded, or shout or create, cause or permit any unusual or excessive noises which, at the point of reception,are likely to disturb any other inhabitant of the Municipality of Clarington. 2. Section 3.1 of By-law 2007-071 is deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: 3.1 A noise curfew shall apply to the following shooting ranges within the Municipality of Clarington: a) the Orono Fish and Hunt Club; b) the Union Rod and Gun Club;and This curfew shall be from 9:00 p. m. until 8:00 a.m.the following day( Monday through Saturday), 9:00 p. m. Saturday until 10:00 a.m. Sunday, and 4:00 p.m.Sunday until 8:00 a.m. Monday. 3.1. 1 During non-curfew times, any noise emanating from the use of a shooting range shall not exceed: a) 70 dBAI t the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation prior to January 15t 1980;or b) 50 dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation after January 15t 1980. Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 SWALILS6W Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (B1-128) Page 14 3.1.2 Notwithstanding section 3.1 above, all approved indoor shooting ranges within the Municipality shall be exempt from the noise curfew. 3. Section 3.3 of By-law 2007-071 is deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: 3. 3 A noise curfew shall apply to any noise from any excavation or construction work whatsoever, including the erection, demolition, alteration or repair of any building from 9:00 p.m. until 7:00 a.m. the following day,(Monday through Saturday), 9:00 p.m. Saturday until 10:00 a.m.Sunday, and from 4:00 p.m. Sunday until 7:00 a. m. Monday. 3,3.1 For the purposes of this by-law, noise related to construction work shall be interpreted to include the starting, idling and warming up of any truck or mechanically powered excavation or earth moving equipment, 3. 3.2 Noises emanating from the operations described in sections 3.3 and 33.1 shall not be considered to be a violation under this by- law when said operations are carried on outside the time periods set out by a curfew. 3. 3.3 Notwithstanding any other provision to contrary, appropriate staff may authorize construction work to be carried on outside the curfew restrictions set out in this By-law only in the case of urgent necessity and then only under prior authorization from appropriate staff. 4. The provisions of this by-law shall come into full force and effect on the 19th day of September 2011. BY-LAW read and passed in open session this 4`h day of July,2011 A. Foster, Mayor Patti L. Barrie, Municipal Clerk Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 o Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (B1-128) Page 15 SD Ontario MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT 2) Approval of Stationary Sources The One Hour Equivalent Sound Level (Lea)and/or the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level(LAM) produced by the stationary sources shall be obtained by measurement or prediction. The estimation of the LeQ and/or LLm of the stationary source under impact assessment shall reflect the principle of predictable worst case"noise impact. The" predictable worst case"noise impact occurs during the hour when the difference between the predicted sound level produced by the stationary source and the background sound level of the natural environment is at a maximum. 6. PROCEDURES All sound level measurements of the One Hour Equivalent Sound Level(LeQ)and the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level(LLM)shall be made in accordance with Reference[3]. All sound level measurements of the One Hour Ninetieth Percentile Sound Level (L,)shall be made using a Sound Level Meter capable of measuring percentile sound levels. The meter shall meet the applicable requirements for an Integrating Sound Level Meter of Reference[2]. The measurements shall be carried out following procedures for the measurement of varying sound described in Reference[3]. Sound from existing adjacent stationary sources may be included in the determination of the background hourly sound levels L and Lg,;if such stationary sources are not under consideration for noise abatement by the Municipality or tie Ministry of Environment and Energy. 7. SOUND LEVEL LIMITS- GENERAL 1) For impulsive sound,other than Quasi-Steady Impulsive Sound, from a stationary source,the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area,expressed in terms of the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level(LL,),is the lower of: the background One Hour Equivalent Sound Level(LeQ)obtained pursuant to Section 5;and the background One Hour Ninetieth Percentile Sound Level (L.)plus 15 dB,i.e. Lw+15 dB, obtained pursuant to Section 5. 2) For sound from a stationary source, including Quasi-Steady Impulsive Sound but not including other impulsive sound,the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area,expressed in terms of the One Hour Equivalent Sound Level(LeQ), is the lower of: the background One Hour Equivalent Sound Level (LeQ)obtained pursuant to Section 5;and the background One Hour Ninetieth Percentile Sound Level(1-90)plus 10 dB,i.e. L.+10 dB, obtained pursuant to Section 5. 8. SOUND LEVEL LIMITS-SPECIFIC IMPULSIVE SOUNDS 1) For impulsive sound,other than Quasi-Steady Impulsive Sound,from a stationary source which is an industrial metal working operation(including but not limited to forging,hammering, punching,stamping, cutting,forming and moulding), the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area,expressed in terms of the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level(LAM),is 60 dBAI,if the stationary source were operating before January 1, 1980,and otherwise is 50 dBAI. 21 For impulsive sound,other than Quasi-Steady Impulsive Sound,from a stationary source which is the discharge of firearms on the premises of a licensed gun club,the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area,expressed in terms of the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level(LAM),is: Publication NPC-232 6- October 1995 Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 I SWALL5'05W Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (B1-128) Page 16 5)Ontario MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT 70 dBAI if the gun club were operating before January 1, 1980;or 50 dBAI if the gun club began to operate after January 1, 1980;or the LLM prior to expansion,alteration or conversion. 3) For impulsive sound,other than Quasi-Steady Impulsive Sound,from a stationary source which is not a blasting operation in a surface mine or quarry,characterized by impulses which are so infrequent that they cannot normally be measured using the procedure for frequent impulsesof Reference[3],the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area,expressed in terms of the impulse sound level,is 100 dBAL 9. SOUND LEVEL LIMITS-PEST CONTROL DEVICES 1) For impulsive sound,other than Quasi-Steady Impulsive Sound,from a pest control device employed solely to protect growing crops,the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area,expressed in terms of the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level(LAM),is 70 dBAI. 2) For sound,including Quasi-Steady Impulsive Sound but not including other impulsive sound,from a pest control device employed solely to protect growing crops,the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area, expressed in terms of the One Hour Equivalent Sound Level(L,), is 60 dBA. 10. PROHIBITION-PEST CONTROL DEVICES The operation of a pest control device employed solely to protect growing crops is prohibited during the hours of darkness, sunset to sunrise. 11. PRE-EMPTION The least restrictive sound level limit of Sections 8,9 and 10 applies. 12. EXCLUSION No restrictions apply to any stationary source resulting in a One Hour Equivalent Sound Level (L,) or a Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level(L,M),at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area, lower than the minimum values for that time period,as specified in Table 232-1. TABLE 232-1 Minimum Values of One Hour L g or LL by Time of Day Time of Day One Hour L,(dBA)or LAM (dBAI) 0700-1900 45 1900-2300 40 2300- 0700 40 May 21,1999 Publication NPC-232 7- October 1995 Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 i i SWALLVW Acoustics, Noise&Vibration Control Clarington_Gun (81-128) Page 17 Appendix B: Measurements Raw Data No. Lmax dBAI Address Note Date 1 101.0 3292 Concession Rd 7 8 officers shooting together Se t 20,2011 2 99.4 3292 Concession Rd 7 8 officers shooting together Sept 20, 2011 3 105.1 3292 Concession Rd 7 1 officer firing 20 shots Sept 20, 2011 4 66.7 7506 Leskard Rd POR1 Se t 20,2011 5 55.9 7506 Leskard Rd POR1 Sept 20,2011 6 69.9 3283 Concession Rd 7 PORE Sept 20,2011 7 61.3 3283 Concession Rd 7 PORE Sept 20, 2011 8 68.2 7580 Leskard Rd POR2 Oct 6,2011 9 70.7 7580 Leskard Rd POR2 Oct 6,2011 10 71.1 7580 Leskard Rd POR2 Oct 6,2011 11 60.2 7606 Leskard Rd POR3 Oct 6, 2011 12 65.0 7606 Leskard Rd POR3 Oct 6, 2011 13 59.2 7782 Leskard Rd POR4 Oct 6, 2011 14 65.9 7782 Leskard Rd POR4 Oct 6, 2011 15 66.8 7782 Leskard Rd POR4 Oct 6, 2011 16 65.1 7685 Leskard Rd POR5 Oct 6, 2011 17 72.4 7685 Leskard Rd POR5 Oct 6, 2011 18 65.1 7685 Leskard Rd POR5 Oct 6, 2011 19 53.4 3283 Concession Rd 7 POR6 Oct 6, 2011 20 57.0 3283 Concession Rd 7 PORE Oct 6,2011 21 57.2 3283 Concession Rd 7 PORE Oct 6, 2011 The End I Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Nov 2011 Clarington REPORT MUNICIPAL CLERK'S DEPARTMENT Meeting: GENERAL PURPOSE AND ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE Date: February 27, 2012 Resolution#: CPR, 607,19 By-law#: N/A Report#: CLD-007-12 File#: Subject: RESULTS OF SOUND TESTING AT ORONO FISH AND HUNT CLUB RECOMMENDATIONS: It is respectfully recommended that the General Purpose and Administration Committee recommend to Council the following: 1. THAT Report CLD-007-12 be received; and 2. THAT all interested parties listed in Report CLD-007-12 be advised of Council's decision. Submitted by: r Reviewed by: att' Barr CMO Franklin Wu, unicirp Clerk Chief Administrative Officer PLB/LC CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON 40 TEMPERANCE STREET, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO L1C 3A6 T 905-623-3379 Attachment 4 to Report CLD-014-17 REPORT NO.: CLD-007-12 PAGE 2 1. BACKGROUND At the December 5, 2011 meeting, Council received and approved Report CLD-033-11 concerning the work and test results from the acoustical engineering firm of Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. conducted at the Orono Fish and Hunt Club at 3292 Concession Rd. 7 in Leskard. Council went on to direct Staff to conduct additional testing in cooperation with the Gun Club using higher caliber weapons. 2. INVESTIGATION Staff contacted Swallow Acoustics Consultants Ltd. and Ron Aldread from the Orono Fish and Hunt Club to coordinate a time and availability of the rifles to be tested. This time there were to be five different firearms tested with the intent of determining the possible "worst case scenario" of noise from the range. The weapons chosen for this set of tests were: 1. SAKO manufactured 6.5X55 mm. (.264 caliber) bolt action rifle 2. SAKO .458 caliber bolt action rifle 3. Lee-Enfield .303 caliber bolt action military rifle 4. Winchester 12 gauge shotgun 5. Winchester 20 gauge shotgun In order to get the widest possible impact of the sound from the range, staff attended nine properties in Leskard to obtain readings. The attached report from Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. shows the properties and their location relative to the Orono club. Due to the number of properties involved and the variety of firearms being tested, the entire testing process took two days. On January 9th and 10th the Municipal Clerk, the Manager of the Municipal Law Enforcement Division and a representative from the Orono club accompanied the sound engineer to the nine properties while another MLEO remained at the Club to record which firearms were being used. It quickly became evident that the shotguns and the 6.5X55 mm. were generating noise levels well below the 70 dBAI level specified in the by-law and these guns were removed from further testing. The final sets of readings were conducted using the .303 caliber Lee Enfield and the .458 caliber SAKO. The .458 is the rifle often referred to by the residents as the elephant gun". Prior to the commencement of the tests, staff noted that there has been much work done to the firing booths at the range. They are now enclosed on three sides and ROXUL sound insulation has been applied to the walls and roof, resulting in a significant reduction in the noise levels recorded. Several of the residents were present when the testing was conducted on their properties and many commented on the reduced levels of sound. REPORT NO.: CLD-007-12 PAGE 3 Throughout the testing process, the Club has shown a willingness to work with staff to find a resolution to this situation. In order to meet Council's requirements for caliber of weapons to be tested, Mr. Aldread canvassed his members to acquire the weapons, and in the case of the .458 rifle in particular, both the rifle and the ammunition had to be borrowed from another individual since Mr. Aldread no longer owns one himself. The Club has also been working diligently with the Municipality to acquire the land necessary to construct the berm along the east property line. Engineering Services will be bringing forward their own Report on closure and conveyance of the unopened road allowance along the east boundary of the property. Once obtained, the berm will be constructed on the road allowance. 3. RESULTS A review of the Report prepared by Swallow Acoustic shows that two properties did not exceed 57.1 dBAI, (highest ambient level 76.7 dBAI), five properties reached the 60 dBAI level with the highest of them being 68.3, (highest ambient level 82.7dBAl), one property hit a maximum of 79.3 dBAI (ambient 61.4 dBAI) and one achieved 81.7 dBAI ambient 59.6 dBAI). In total, seven of the nine properties tested did not exceed the permitted maximum of 70 dBAI yet the ambient noise level on three properties did exceed the 70 dBAI limit. Previous discussions with the engineers have indicated a probable decrease in the range of 5 to 10 decibels through the installation of the berm along the east side of the property. If the effects of the berm are consistent with anticipated results, the noise readings for most of the firearms should be reduced to below the 70 dBAI limit set out in the by-law. The one firearm to reach the highest level in each test was the SAKO .458 caliber rifle. This is a rifle that is not common with club members and we have been advised that it is no longer being fired at the range. 4. CONCURRENCE This Report has been reviewed by the Director of Engineering Services Department who concurs with the contents of the Report. 5. CONCLUSION This Report is submitted in order to provide the results of the noise testing Council requested to be conducted at the Orono Fish and Hunt Club. Staff appreciates the cooperation received from the area residents and the club in attempting to resolve the concerns brought forward. REPORT NO.: CLD-007-12 PAGE 4 It should also be noted that the club has reduced its shooting schedule and are now shooting on their original schedule of Sundays and Wednesdays only, with no outside groups using the range. It respectfully recommended that the report be received and that all interested parties be advised of Council's decision. CONFORMITY WITH STRATEGIC PLAN — Not Applicable Staff Contact: Len Creamer, Manager, Municipal Law Enforcement Attachments: Attachment 1 - Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Noise Report List of interested parties to be advised of Council's decision: Ard Neiman Ron Alldred, President, Orono Fish and Hunt Club Tony Bernardo Nancy Wilson Alan Risebrough Elizabeth MacLeod Bruce Blight Kelly Adams Shelly Richards Lynne & Sue Richards Tammy Gould Jeremy Ross Anne Ball SWALL15W Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control February 14, 2012 The Municipality of Clarington 40 Temprence Street Bowmanville, ON L1C 3A6 Attn: Len Creamer Via email to icreamer@ciarington.net Re: Report - Measurements of Impulsive Noise - Orono Gun Club Dear Len, SACL conducted two site visits on January 9 and 10, 2011 to measure noise impact on several residences due to gun firings at the Orono Gun Club at 3292 Concession Road 7, Clarington, Ontario. Sources The impulsive noise sources are five long guns firing separately (not simultaneously) at the gun club. A summary of the sources is provided in Table 1. Table 1: Impulsive Noise Sources ID Name Description G1 Gun #1 SAKO 6.5 x 55 Rifle G2 Gun #2 SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle G3 Gun #3 Lee-Enfield #4 303 British Rifle G4 Gun #4 Winchester 12 GA Shotgun G5 Gun #5 Winchester 20 GA shotgun Receptors The impulsive noise receptors are residences in the vicinity of the gun club. The locations of the receptors are listed in Table 2 and indicated in Figure 1. Table 2: Impulsive Noise Receptors ID Address Note A 3282 Concession Rd 7 Backyard, 30 m from house B 7374 Leskard Rd Backyard, 30 m from house C 7606 Leskard Rd .Backyard, 30 m from house D 7782 Leskard Rd Backyard, property line, 20 m from house E 7685 Leskard Rd Front yard, 30 m from house F 7580 Leskard Rd Backyard, 30 m from house G 7560 Leskard Rd Backyard, 30 m from house H 7535 Leskard Rd Front yard, property line 15 m from house I 7506 Leskard Rd Backyard, 30 m from house 2012-02-14 Clarington_Gun2(132-023)Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 1 of 8 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23•Mississauga, Ontario,Canada L5G 4S5 t:905.271.7888;f:905.271.1846;email:awood @swallowacoustic.ca SWALUI)W Acoustics.Noise&Vibration Control e 1•. t y a r q x b Figure 1: Location of Receptors Limit According to Section 3.1.1 of the Corporation of the Municipality of Clarington By-law 2011-068, the impulsive sound level limit for the gun club is 70 dBAI at the receptors. Instrumentation Sound level measurements were taken on January 9 and 10, 2011 with a Bruel & Kjaer B&K) hand held analyzer (type 2250, serial number 2630269). It was calibrated before 2012-02-14 Clarington_Gun2(132-023)Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 2 of 8 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23•Mississauga,Ontario,Canada L5G 4S5 t:905.271.7888;f:905.271.1846;email:awood @swallowacoustic.ca Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control and after measurements with a B&K sound calibrator (type 4231, serial number 2623794). A windshield was mounted on the analyzer during all measurements. Weather Conditions There was no precipitation during site visits. The wind speed was less than 10 km/hr generally from south. The temperature was about 2 °C. The atmospheric pressure was about 101 kPa. The humidity was about 75%. Measurements Impulsive sound level measurements were taken at 9 receptors (A to I). The measurement results are shown in Tables.3 to 11. Table 3: Impulsive Sound Levels at Receptor A ID I Sound Level dBAI Note Ala 57.2 Gun #1 Alb 62.7 Gun #1 Alc 63.0 Gun #1 Ala 59.0 Gun #2 Alb 56.8 Gun #2 A2c 52.0 Gun #2 A2d 51.4 Gun #2 A2e 51.4 Gun #2 Alf 51.1 Gun #2 A3a 48.7 Gun #3 A3b 50.1 Gun #3 A3c 55.4 Gun #3 Ma 52.9 Gun #4 A4b 42.6 Gun #4 A4c 60.3 Gun #4 A5a 42.6 Gun #5 A5b 51.1 Gun #5 A5c 43.0 Gun #5 Aka 67.4 Background noise: traffic; no gun firing Akb 61. 8 Background noise: light conversation in the middle of backyard, 10 to 15 m from B&K analyzer; no gun firing Table 3 shows that all measured impulsive sound levels at receptor A are below the limit of 70 dBAI. The last two readings ("Aka" and "Akb') in Table 3 are background noise measured without gun firings, using the same algorithm of measuring impulsive sound levels due to gun noise. It can be noted that the noise impact of gun firings is not significant compared to background noise. 2012-02- 14 Clarington_Gun2(132-023)Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 3 of 8 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23•Mississauga,Ontario, Canada L5G 4S5 t:905.271.7888;f:905.271.1846;email:awood @swallowacoustic.ca Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control Table 4: Impulsive Sound Levels at Receptor B ID Sound Level dBAI Note B-a 71.1 B-b 79.3 B-c 77.0 B-d 63.5 B-e 63.8 B-f 59.2 B-g 59.5 B-h 66.8 Guns #1, 2 and 3 fired out of order B-i 71.2 B 74.8 B-k 71.1 B-1 74.6 B-m 69.9 B-n 70.2 B-o 71.9 Bka 61.4 Background noise: traffic; no gun firing Table 4 shows that the measured impulsive sound levels at receptor B due to firings of guns #1, 2, and 3 exceed the limit of 70 dBAI. Although guns #4 and 5 are not included, it can be learned from the following Table 5 that sound levels due to guns #1, 2 and 3 are higher than those due to guns #4 and 5. Table 5: Impulsive Sound Levels at Receptor C ID Sound Level dBAI Note Cla 74.6 Gun #1 C1b 74.6 Gun #1 Clc 75.4 Gun #1 C2a 79.9 Gun #2 C2b 81. 7 Gun #2 C2c 80.5 Gun #2 C3a 76.9 Gun #3 Cab 73.8 Gun #3 C3c 76.1 Gun #3 C4a 67.8 Gun #4 C4b 66.5 Gun #4 C4c 67.7 Gun #4 C5a 69. 9 Gun #5 C5b 63.5 Gun #5 C5c 70.0 Gun #5 Cka 59.6 Background noise; no gun firing Ckb 53.7 Background noise; no gun firing Ckc 53. 4 Background noise; no gun firing 2012-02-14 Clarington_Gun2(132-023)Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 4 of 8 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23•Mississauga, Ontario,Canada L5G 4S5 t:905.271.7888;f:905.271.1846;email:awood @swallowacoustic.ca SWALL%)W Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control Table 5 shows that the measured impulsive sound levels at receptor C due to firings of guns #1, 2, and 3 exceed the limit of 70 dBAI. It can be seen that sound levels due to guns #2 and 3 are higher than those due to other guns. Therefore Tables 6 to 10 focus on the noise of guns #2 and 3. Table 6: Impulsive Sound Levels at Receptor D ID Sound Level dBAI Note D2a 55.8 Gun #2; with noise from foot steps D21J 47.8 Gun #2 D2c 48.0 Gun #2 D3a 45.1 Gun #3 D3b 44.5 Gun #3 D3c 46.6 Gun #3 Dka 56.1 Background noise: light conversation; no g un firing Table 6 shows that the measured impulsive sound levels at receptor D due to firings of guns are all below the limit of 70 dBAI. Table 7: Impulsive Sound Levels at Receptor E ID Sound Level dBAI Note Eta 57.8 Gun #2 E2b 57.5 Gun #2 Etc 57.6 Gun #2 E3a 62.2 Gun #3; traffic noise audible E3b 56.0 Gun #3 E3c 52.6 Gun #3 Eka 67.6 Background noise: light conversation; lane noise; no gun firing Ekb 59.1 Background noise: traffic; no gun firing Table 7 shows that the measured impulsive sound levels at receptor E due to firings of guns are all below the limit of 70 dBAI. Table 8: Impulsive Sound Levels at Receptor F ID Sound Level dBAI Note Fla 63.2 Gun #2 F21J 66.4 Gun #2 F2c 64.0 Gun #2 F3a 55.4 Gun #3 F3b 56.0 Gun #3 F3c 55.3 Gun #3 Fka 79.3 Background noise: light conversation (owner of the house Fkb 82.7 offered coffee); no gun firing Table 8 shows that the measured impulsive sound levels at receptor F due to firings of guns are all below the limit of 70 dBAI. 2012-02-14 Clarington_Gun2(82-023)Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 5 of 8 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23•Mississauga,Ontario, Canada L5G 4S5 t:905.271.7888;f:905.271.1846; email:awood @swallowacoustic.ca SWALL-f)W Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control Table 9: Impulsive Sound Levels at Receptor G ID I Sound Level dBAI Note G2a 66.6 Gun #2 G2b 62.3 Gun #2 G2c 66.6 Gun #2 G2d 67.9 Gun #2; top of slope* G3a 59.5 Gun #3 G3b 64.0 Gun #3 G3c 62.8 Gun #3 G3d 64.2' Gun #3; top of slope* Gka 72.1 Background noise: traffic; no gun firing. Note: Since the house is on top of a slope and the measurement location (30 m away from the house) is down the slope, we also measured the gun noise on top of the slope, a few metres from the house. Table 9 shows that the measured impulsive sound levels at receptor G due to firings of guns are all below the limit of 70 dBAI. Table 10: Impulsive Sound Levels at Receptor H ID I Sound Level dBAI Note H2a 55.9 Gun #2 H2b 57.1 Gun #2 H2c 57.6 Gun #2 H2d 55.8 Gun #2 H3a 56.5 Gun #3 Hka 76.7 Background noise: traffic; no gun firing Table 10 shows that the measured impulsive sound levels at receptor H due to firings of guns are all below the limit of 70 dBAI. The reason for Table 1O's including only one reading of the noise of gun #3 is that the gun was out of ammunition. However the measurements at receptors D to G (Tables 6 to 9) indicate that the noise of gun #2 is louder than that of gun #3. Therefore if the noisiest gun #2 meets the limit of 70 dBAI, all other guns meet the limit. Table 11: Impulsive Sound Levels at Receptor I ID I Sound Level dBAI Note I2a 60.0 Gun #2 I2b 59.7 Gun #2 I2c 59.5 Gun #2 I3a 67.7 Gun #2, top of slope* I3b 68.3 Gun #2 top of slope* I3c 66.3 Gun #2, top of slope* Ika 60.9 Background noise; Ikb 59.4 no gun firing 2012-02-14 Clarington_Gun2(B2-023)Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 6 of 8 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23•Mississauga,Ontario,Canada L5G 4S5 t:905.271.7888;f:905.271.1846; email:awood@swallowacoustic.ca SWALL-:$'0)W Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control Note: Since the house is on top of a slope and the measurement location (30 m away from the house) is down the slope, we also measured the gun noise on top of the slope, a few metres from the house. Table 11 shows that the measured impulsive sound levels at receptor I due to firings of guns are all below the limit of 70 dBAI. Summary Reviewing the impulsive sound level measurements at Receptors A to I (Tables 3 to 11), it can be seen that the noise impact at most receptors meets the limit of 70 dBAI. However, the noise impact exceeds the limit of 70 dBAI at Receptors B and C. The highest measured impulsive sound level is 81.7 dBAI at Receptor C (7606 Leskard Rd) due to firing of gun #2 (sound level ID "C2b'), approximately 12 dBAI higher than the limit of 70 dBAI. Discussion Considering that the noise of gun firing is directional and that the land between the gun club and receptors is not flat (thus the terrain likely provides various sound attenuation effects at receptors), it is understandable that the sound levels measured at receptors do not have linear relationship with the distances between the gun club and receptors. For receptors B and C, the measured sound levels clearly exceed the limit. It is likely that the terrain provides little or no sound attenuation to the two receptors. In Section 8 of our noise study report dated November 8, 2011 (project code 131-128), the sound level of 8 RCMP officers shooting simultaneously follows the acoustical rule of 3 dB increase with doubling the number of noise sources". During the site visits on January 9 and 10, 2012, the measured sound levels are due to guns firing separately one by one). If several people fired together, the noise impact might become higher than the measured sound levels. However, amateurs firing guns together may not necessary become firing simultaneously; ie, the gun shots may still be separate although close to each other) in time. Therefore it is likely that, with amateurs firing, simultaneous firing will be very rare. This possible effect is no longer a concern in this report. Recommendations Since the terrain makes significant difference with regard to noise impact, we recommend that a contour map (preferably in AutoCAD .DXF format) of the study area be provided to us for further noise study. Since the sound level measurements show as high as approximately 12 dBAI exceedance over the limit of 70 dBAI, we recommend that noise control measures should be studied so that the noise impact of the gun club meets the limit of 70 dBAI. SACL successfully designed local noise control measures at each gun firing position for a previous project regarding the noise impact of another gun club. 2012-02-14 Clarington_Gun2( 62-023)Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 7 of 8 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23•Mississauga, Ontario,Canada L5G 4S5 t:905.271.7888;f:905.271.1846;email:awood @swallowacoustic.ca SWALLOW Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control Conciudin4 Comments We thank you for the opportunity of conducting site visits and taking sound level measurements early this month. We are looking forward to cooperating with you in further study. If you have any questions regarding this letter, please do not hesitate to call the undersigned. Our contact information can be found at the bottom of this page. Yours truly, Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. AWY 611, Aaron Wood, M.Eng. Reviewed by John C. Swallow, M.A.Sc., P.Eng. 2012-02-14 Clarington_Gun2(62-023)Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 8 of 8 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23•Mississauga,Ontario,Canada L5G 4S5 t:905.271.7888;f:905.271.1846;email:awood @swallowacoustic.ca Cladyiwn REPORT CLERK'S DEPARTMENT Meeting: GENERAL PURPOSE AND ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE Date: September 10, 2012 Resolution#: By-law#: Report#: CLD-027-12 File#: Subject: NOISE TESTING AT UNION ROD AND GUN CLUB RECOMMENDATIONS: It is respectfully recommended that the General Purpose and Administration Committee recommend to Council the following: 1. THAT Report CLD-027-12 be received; and 2. THAT all interested parties listed in Report CLD-027-12 be advised. Submitted by: Reviewed by: Pa a ie, CMO Franklin Wu nici Clerk Chief Administrative Officer PLB/ LDC CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF CLARINGTON 40 TEMPERANCE STREET, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO L1C 3A6 T 905-623-3379 Attachment 5 to Report CLD-014-17 REPORT NO.: CLD-027-12 PAGE 2 1. BACKGROUND At the regular meeting of Council held on March 26, 2012, Resolution #C-107-12, was passed. This Resolution involved a request for Staff to investigate the noise levels resulting from the regular operations of the Union Rod and Gun Club located at 3796 Concession Rd 3 Newcastle. The services of Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd were retained to conduct testing on the sound levels emanating from the Club property during routine operations. Swallow had previously tested the sound levels at the Orono Fish and Hunt Club. 2. COMMENTS The concerns over the noise levels broke down into two specific issues. The first involved the use of the range by Ontario Power Generation (OPG) for the firearms training of its security force. The second issue was the use of the range by the members themselves and the increase in frequency and duration of the shooting. On May 17th this year staff attended at the range along with a Sound Consultant from Swallow Acoustic. That day members of OPG's Security Force were conducting training and qualification firing. With the co-operation of both OPG and the Gun Club arrangements were made to monitor and record the sound levels from their shooting. The firearms used were the standard issue weapons used by OPG Security, a 10 mm. Glock pistol and a .223 caliber rifle. Over the course of the testing the officers fired the weapons in separate relays so that individual recordings could be made of both sound levels. Tests were conducted at four separate properties near the gun range; these were 3770 Concession Road 3, 3025 Moffat Road, 3755 Concession Road 3 and 3795 Concession Road 3. Each of these property owners had requested that testing be undertaken. These properties are indicated on the maps in the attached reports. On July 31St a second round of testing was conducted. This time the testing was conducted using 12 gauge shotguns and a .338 caliber rifle. The .338 is a ballistic match for the .458 caliber rifle. The .458 is the largest caliber rifle which can legally be discharged on the Union Club's range. It is not one which is commonly used at the club and the .338 was available. Sound readings were again conducted at the same four properties as before. The results of the testing are listed below. REPORT NO.: CLD-027-12 PAGE 3 3. TEST RESULTS The first tests produced two sets of results, one for the pistols and one for the rifles. The pistols ranged from a low of 47.4 dBAI at 3795 Concession Rd. 3 to a high of 55.2 dBAI at 3770 Concession Rd. 3. The rifle results varied from 49.5 dBAI at 3755 Concession Rd 3 to 61.2 dBAI at 3770 Concession Rd. 3 The findings of the shooting on July 31St also produced two sets of results. The first were for the shotgun. The shotgun was fired from the new trap range which had been built at the direction of the Chief Firearms Officer for Ontario. The readings were recorded as a low of 48.1 dBAI at 3025 Moffat Road and a high of 58.7 dBAI at 3770 Concession Road 3. One set of readings was inconclusive since a crow sitting in a nearby tree was cawing and producing a louder sound level than that of the shotgun on several tries. The rifle results also varied from a low of 50.6 at 3025 Moffat Road to a high of 60.1 dBAI at 3770 Concession Road 3. 4. CONCURRENCE - None 5. CONCLUSION 3770 Concession Rd 3 is directly west of the Club property so it is not surprising that this property recorded the highest overall numbers. It should be remembered that the MOE standard for rural area noise limits for gun clubs like the Union Rod and Gun Club which were in existence prior to January 1, 1980 is 70 dBAI. Given this limit, none of the test firings exceeded the permitted limits. CONFORMITY WITH STRATEGIC PLAN — Not Applicable Staff Contact: Len Creamer, Manager, Municipal Law Enforcement List of interested parties to be advised of Council's decision: Jack Bergs Andy Thang Andrew Banstra George & Diane Vetzal Mike Box Lorne Rosamond Ben & Jane Vanderhyden Ed & Diane Swynar Mike McGrath Paul Young, Union Rod & Gun Club Brady Hooker, Union Rod & Gun Club ATTACHMENTS Attachment 1: Report from Swallow Consultants Ltd. dated June 29, 2012 Attachment 2: Report from Swallow Consultants Ltd. dated August 17, 2012 ATTACHMENT# TO REPORT# 7 -09 ok Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control June 29,2012 The Municipality of Clarington 40 Temperance Street Bowmanville, ON L1C 3A6 Attention: Len Creamer Email to Icreamer@claringlon.net Re.: Report(132-072)—Measurements of Impulsive Noise—Union Rod and Gun Club—3796 Concession Road 3,Newcastle Dear Len: We understand that there have been noise complaints from the residents in the vicinity of the Union Rod and Gun Club at 3796 Concession Road 3,Newcastle. At your request, Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. (SACL) conducted sound level measurements at selected residential properties near the Union Rod and Gun Club on May 17, 2012.The noise impact is assessed based on the Ministry of Environment(MOE)guidelines. This letter reports our findings. 1. Noise Sources The noise sources are the impulsive noise due to firearm shooting at the Union Rod and Gun Club. Rifles and pistols were fired in turn during the sound level measurements. Sound level measurements were carried out when shooting practice took place in a shooting range in the Union Rod and Gun Club. The location of the shooting practice is shown in Fill. The firing line is not enclosed. 2. Receptors Impulse sound levels were measured at the following locations where the residents filed noise complaints against the Union Rod and Gun Club: . . Backyard of 3770 Concession Road 3,near east property line Backyard of 3770 Concession Road 3, approximately 30 in from house Backyard of 3025 Moffat Road, approximately 18 in from house Front yard of 3755 Concession Road 3, approximately 30 in from house Front yard of 3795 Concession Road 3, approximately 20 in from house The measurement locations and the location of shooting in Union Rod and Gun Club are shown in Figure 1. Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 1 of 3 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23 Mississauga,Ontario,Canada L5G 4S5 Tel:905.271.7888 Fax: 905.271.1846 email:pyung @swallowacoustic.ca A Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control 3. Sound Level Limits MOE Publication NPC-232 "Sound Level Limits for Stationary Sources in Class 3 Areas (Rural) states that: For impulsive sound, other than Quasi-Steady Impulsive Sound, from a stationary source which is the discharge of firearms on the premises of a licensed gun club, the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 m of a dwelling or a camping area, expressed in terms of the logarithmic Mean Impulsive Sound Level(LLM) is: 70 dBAI if the gun club were operating before January 1, 1980; or 50 dBAI if the gun club began to operate after January 1, 1980; or The LLM prior to expansion, alteration or conversion. We understand that the Union Rod and Gun Club started its operation in 1962. Therefore the impulsive sound level limit for the gun club is 70 dBAI at the receptors. 4. Instrumentation Sound levels were measured using a Bruel&Kjwr Hand-held Analyzer Type 2250 (serial number 2630269)with a Bruel&Kjxr '/2"Prepolarized Condenser Microphone Type 4189 (serial number 2631315). The sound level meter was calibrated with a Briiel &Kjwr Sound Level Calibrator Type 4231 (serial number 2623794). A wind shield was used for all outdoor sound level measurements. 5. Meteorological Conditions Sound level measurements were carried out in the morning of May 17, 2012.The weather conditions during the measurements are: sunny,temperature 14°C, relative humidity 41%,wind northwest 9.3 km/h, pressure 102.32 kPa. The weather conditions are suitable for outdoor sound level measurement. 6. Measurement Results Impulsive sound level measurements were taken at 4 receptors. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Sound Level Measurement Results Measurement Location Type of Firearm Measured Sound Level(dBAI) Backyard of 3770 Concession Road 3, Rifle 59.4 near east property line Backyard of 3770 Concession Road 3, Rifle 61. 2 approximately 30 m from house Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 2 of 3 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23 Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5G 4S5 Tel: 905.271.7888 Fax:905.271.1846 email:pyung @swallowacoustic.ca SWALU W Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control Measurement Location Type of Firearm Measured Sound Level(dBAI) Backyard of 3770 Concession Road 3 Pistol 55.2 Backyard of 3025 Moffat Road Rifle 52.2 Backyard of 3025 Moffat Road Pistol 54.7 Front yard of 3755 Concession Road 3 Rifle 49.5 Front yard of 3755 Concession Road 3 Pistol 48.0 Front yard of 3795 Concession Road 3 Rifle 53.3 Front yard of 3795 Concession Road 3 Pistol 47.4 7. Assessment The measured sound levels due to shooting noise from the Union Rod and Gun Club are below the sound level limit of 70 dBAI at all measurement locations. Therefore the shooting noise from pistol and rifle in the gun club meets the MOE sound level limits. 8. Conclusion The shooting noise from pistol and rifle in the Union Rod and Gun Club meet the MOE sound level limits for a gun club. If you have any questions regarding this report, please do not hesitate to contact us. Yours truly, Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Pearlie Yung, M.Sc. B2-072 Reviewed by John C. Swallow, M.A.Sc., P.Eng. LEED AP I Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 3 of 3 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23 Mississauga,Ontario, Canada L5G 4S5 Tel:905.271.7888 Fax:905.271.1846 email:pyung @swallowacoustic.ca I i I t T e LU • AW rY q1 x • yam wa A^ s • ice 4'gP rf c E y rte 4 a r• yam,' s• 1^x d r l u E ATTACHMENT# TO REPORT# SWALLje!)W Acoustics Noise&Vibration Control August 17, 2012 The Municipality of Clarington 40 Temperance Street Bowmanville, ON L1C 3A6 Attention: Len Creamer Email to Icreamer@clarington.net Re.: Report(132-072)— Measurements of Impulsive Noise—Hunting Rifle and Shotgun— Union Rod and Gun Club—3796 Concession Road 3,Newcastle Dear Len: We understand that there have been noise complaints from the residents in the vicinity of the Union Rod and Gun Club at 3796 Concession Road 3,Newcastle. At your request, Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. (SACL)conducted sound level measurements for hunting rifle and shotgun shooting noise at selected residential properties near the Union Rod and Gun Club on July 31, 2012. The noise impact is assessed based on the Ministry of Environment(MOE) guidelines. This letter reports our findings. 1. Noise Sources The noise sources are the impulsive noise due to firearm shooting at the Union Rod and Gun Club. Hunting rifle and shotgun were fired in turn in two shooting ranges respectively during the sound level measurements. The locations of the shooting ranges are shown in Figure 1. The firing lines are not enclosed. 2. Receptors Impulse sound levels were measured at the following locations where the residents filed noise complaints against the Union Rod and Gun Club: Backyard of 3770 Concession Road 3, approximately 30 in from house Backyard of 3770 Concession Road 3, open area Backyard of 3025 Moffat Road, approximately 18 in from house Front yard of 3755 Concession Road 3, approximately 30 in from house Front yard of 3795 Concession Road 3, approximately 20 in from house The measurement locations are shown in Figure 1. Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 1 of 3 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23 Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5G 4S5 Tel:905.271.7888 Fax:905.271.1846 email:pyung @swallowacoustic.ca Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control 3. Sound Level Limits MOE Publication NPC-232"Sound Level Limits for Stationary Sources in Class 3 Areas (Rural) states that: For impulsive sound, other than Quasi-Steady Impulsive Sound, from a stationary source which is the discharge of firearms on the premises of a licensed gun club,the sound level limit at a point of reception within 30 in of a dwelling or a camping area, expressed in terms of the logarithmic Mean Impulsive Sound Level(LLM) is: 70 dBAI if the gun club were operating before January 1, 1980; or 50 dBAI if the gun club began to operate after January 1, 1980; or The LLM prior to expansion, alteration or conversion. We understand that the Union Rod and Gun Club started its operation in 1962. Therefore the impulsive sound level limit for the gun club is 70 dBAI at the receptors. 4. Instrumentation Sound levels were measured using a Bruel&Kjwr Hand-held Analyzer Type 2250 ( serial number 2630269) with a Briiel &Kjwr Y2"Prepolarized Condenser Microphone Type 4189 (serial number 2631315). The sound level meter was calibrated with a Bruel &Kjwr Sound Level Calibrator Type 4231 (serial number 2623794). A wind shield was used for all outdoor sound level measurements. 5. Meteorological Conditions Sound level measurements were carried out in the morning of July 31,2012. The weather conditions during the measurements are: cloudy,temperature 26°C,relative humidity 65%, wind northeast 11 km/h, atmospheric pressure 98.8 kPa. The weather conditions are suitable for outdoor sound level measurement. 6. Measurement Results Impulsive sound level measurements were taken at 4 receptors. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Sound Level Measurement Results Measurement Location Type of Firearm Measured Sound Level(dBAI) Backyard of 3770 Concession Road 3,Hunting Rifle 60.1 approximately 30 m from house Backyard of 3770 Concession Road 3, Shotgun 56.4 approximately 30 in from house Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 2 of 3 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23 Mississauga,Ontario, Canada L5G 4S5 Tel:905.271.7888 Fax:905.271.1846 email:pyung @swallowacoustic.ca SWALLIOW Acoustics,Noise&Vibration Control Measurement Location Type of Firearm Measured Sound Level(dBAI) Backyard of 3770 Concession Road 3, Shotgun 58.7 open area Backyard of 3025 Moffat Road Hunting Rifle 50.6 Backyard of 3025 Moffat Road Shotgun 48.1 Front yard of 3755 Concession Road 3 Hunting Rifle 50.8 Front yard of 3755 Concession Road 3 Shotgun 51.0 Front yard of 3795 Concession Road 3 Hunting Rifle 54.8 Front yard of 3795 Concession Road 3 Shotgun 57.1* Measured sound level partially contributed by crow cawing. 7. Assessment The measured sound levels due to hunting rifle and shotgun shooting from the Union Rod and Gun Club are below the sound level limit of 70 dBAI at all measurement locations. Therefore the shooting noise from hunting rifle and shotgun in the gun club meets the MOE sound level limits. 8. Conclusion The shooting noise from hunting rifle and shotgun in the Union Rod and Gun Club meet the MOE sound level limits for a gun club. If you have any questions regarding this report,please do not hesitate to contact us. Yours truly, Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Pearlie Yung, M.Sc. B2-072 Reviewed by John C. Swallow,M.A.Sc., P.Eng. LEED AP Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Page 3 of 3 366 Revus Avenue,Unit 23 Mississauga,Ontario,Canada L5G 4S5 Tel:905.271.7888 Fax:905.271.1846 email:pyung @swallowacoustic.ca 07 IA i r:^ to ox ui 1' i .1• N y w;. q k IV64 c r . a 1 7 k e i Attachment 6 to Report CLD-014-17 Shooting Ranges and Sound Attachment 7 to Report CLD-014-17 Table of Contents Shooting Ranges and Sound ii Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. IV  LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ V  ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT .............................................................................................. VI  EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ VII  1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 8  1.1 PHYSICS OF SOUND ........................................................................................ 8  1.1.1 Sound Waves .............................................................................................. 8  1.1.2 Frequency .................................................................................................... 8  1.1.3 Sound Pressure ........................................................................................... 9  1.1.4 Sound Pressure Levels, Decibels ................................................................ 9  1.1.5 Directivity ..................................................................................................... 9  1.2 MECHANISMS OF NOISE GENERATION AND SHOOTING NOISE GENERATION ............................................................................................................... 9  1.2.1 Shock Wave ................................................................................................ 9  1.2.2 Vibrating Surfaces ..................................................................................... 10  1.3 SOUND CHARACTERISTICS OF FIREARMS ................................................ 10  1.4 SOUND PROPAGATION ................................................................................. 12  1.4.1 Distance ..................................................................................................... 12  1.4.2 Ground Effect ............................................................................................ 12  1.4.3 Air Absorption ............................................................................................ 12  1.4.4 Weather, Wind and Temperature Inversion ............................................... 13  1.5 HUMAN SENSITIVITY ...................................................................................... 13  1.6 SOUND MEASUREMENT ................................................................................ 13  1.6.1 Constant Sounds ....................................................................................... 13  1.6.2 Time-Varying Sounds ................................................................................ 16  1.6.3 Impulsive Sounds ...................................................................................... 17  1.6.4 Measuring Sound Levels From Firearms .................................................. 18  2 SOUND LEVEL ASSESSMENT .............................................................................. 19  2.1 PHILOSOPHY OF CRITERION SOUND LEVEL DEVELOPMENT ................. 19  2.1.1 Fixed Criterion Sound Levels .................................................................... 19  2.1.2 Background Sound Levels as Criteria ....................................................... 20  2.1.3 Hybrid Sound Level Criteria ....................................................................... 20  2.2 POINT OF RECEPTION SELECTION ............................................................. 22  Table of Contents Shooting Ranges and Sound iii 3 SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS ........................................................................ 23  3.1 SOUND LEVEL METER REQUIREMENTS ..................................................... 23  3.1.1 Sound Level Meter Types .......................................................................... 23  3.1.2 Sound Level Meter Calibration .................................................................. 23  3.1.3 Accessories Required for Sound Level Meters ......................................... 23  3.2 SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES ......................................... 24  3.2.1 Calibration ................................................................................................. 24  3.2.2 Weather Conditions ................................................................................... 24  3.2.3 Recording .................................................................................................. 24  3.3 SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT PERSONNEL ............................................ 25  4 RANGE CONSTRUCTION PLANNING ADVICE .................................................... 26  4.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR OUTDOOR AND INDOOR RANGES ...... 26  4.1.1 Design Considerations – Outdoor Ranges ................................................ 26  4.1.2 Design Considerations – Indoor Ranges ................................................... 29  4.2 PLANNING FOR SHOOTING RANGES .......................................................... 30  4.2.1 Outdoor Ranges ........................................................................................ 30  4.2.2 Indoor Ranges ........................................................................................... 32  5 ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES .................................................................................. 33  5.1 NOISE ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR OUTDOOR SHOOTING RANGES 33  5.1.1 Natural Hill ................................................................................................. 33  5.1.2 Barriers at Sides ........................................................................................ 34  5.1.3 Barrier Behind Shooter .............................................................................. 35  5.2 NOISE ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR INDOOR SHOOTING RANGES ... 36  5.2.1 Walls .......................................................................................................... 36  5.3 PRACTICAL MEASURES OF NOISE CONTROL ............................................ 36  5.3.1 Outdoor Shooting Ranges ......................................................................... 36  5.3.2 Indoor Shooting Ranges ............................................................................ 37  6 GLOSSARY ............................................................................................................. 38  7 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 41  0BLIST OF TABLES Shooting Ranges and Sound iv LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Sound Pressure Levels of Firearms Being Measured at 10 m from the Muzzle (Downrange) ................................................................................................................... 11  Table 2: Typical Sound Pressure Level Encountered in Daily Life ................................. 15  Table 3: Sound Levels, dBAl, 100m from Indoor Range (Sound Pressure of the Handgun Being Measured is 160 dBAl at 600 mm) ........................................................................ 36  1BList of Figures Shooting Ranges and Sound v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Directivity of a Typical Rifle at 10 m ................................................................. 11  Figure 2: Directivity of a Typical Shotgun at 10 m ........................................................... 12  Figure 3: Frequency Characteristics of A-Weighting and C-Weighting ........................... 14  Figure 4: Attenuation Over Distance – No Ground Effect ............................................... 26  Figure 5: Attenuation over Distance with Ground Effect ................................................. 27  Figure 6: Attenuation Over Distance With and Without Berm ......................................... 28  Figure 7: Noise Reduction Across the Wall ..................................................................... 29  Figure 8: Attenuation Over Distance With and Without Hill ............................................. 33  Figure 9: Attenuation Over Distance With and Without Side Barriers ............................. 34  Figure 10: Attenuation Over Distance With and Without Barrier Behind Shooter ........... 35  About this Document Shooting Ranges and Sound vi ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT “Shooting Ranges and Sound” was written in March 1999 by the following Subject Matter Experts: ¾ John C. Swallow, M.A.Sc., P.Eng. ¾ John Hemingway, M.Phil., P.Eng. ¾ Pearlie Yung, M.Sc. “Shooting Ranges and Sound” was edited by: Technical Documentation and Graphics Section Information Management Branch IM/IT Business Solutions CIO Sector RCMP Headquarters 3000 Merivale Road. M-8 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R2 Fax: (613) 825-9617 © (2007) HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN IN RIGHT OF CANADA as represented by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) PDF Version Navigation To view a specific page, enter the page number in the Navigation toolbar located at the bottom of the page and press the Enter key. Text in blue font indicates a hyperlink; click the link to view related information. To return to the original page, click Previous View on the Navigation toolbar. Executive Summary Shooting Ranges and Sound vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY “Shooting Ranges and Sound” is a document intended for those people not trained in acoustics, who would like to gain an understanding of the propagation and control of sound and firearm noise. Such persons might be involved in the planning, construction or regulation of a shooting range in development or re-development. The introductory section of this document provides the background information needed to understand the mechanisms involved in the generation, propagation and control of shooting noise. It describes the physics of sound, mechanisms of noise generation, sound characteristics of firearms, characteristics of sound wave propagation and sound measurement techniques. Subsequent sections in the document describe existing noise guidelines or noise regulations and limits that are found in literature and/or law. With respect to these limits and measurements of shooting noise, an assessment can be made. The concluding sections identify basic noise control principles and noise reduction techniques, and consider the construction of a new shooting range. Typical principles, such as shooting noise levels, noise reduction with distance and sound barriers, provide real-life examples and realistic expectations for noise control. Introduction Shooting Ranges and Sound 8 1 INTRODUCTION This document is a precursor to “Range Design and Construction Guidelines” and was prepared for the Government of Canada. It is intended for use by a lay person who might be involved in the planning, construction or regulation of a shooting range in development or re-development. “Shooting Ranges and Sound” solely reviews various guidelines, regulations and limits for shooting noise; it does not set nor recommend limits. The examples included in the document are intended to provide realistic interpretations of sound level. This document should not be used for design purposes, as the sound levels of shooting noise are dependent on many factors, all of which must be considered in a particular application. 1.1 PHYSICS OF SOUND This section presents background information that is essential to the understanding of shooting range noise generation, propagation and control. Sound, as we hear it, consists of a pressure wave with frequency (or pitch), travelling in a direction. Subsections 1.1.1 through 1.1.5 describe the components of sound in more detail. 1.1.1 Sound Waves Sound is a disturbance that propagates through an elastic material, at the speed characteristic of that material. In general, such a disturbance reaches the human ear by travelling through air. In more technical terms, let us consider a body vibrating in air. As it moves in an outward direction, it pushes a “layer” of air along with it. Since the pressure in this layer is higher than that in the undisturbed surrounding atmosphere, the air particles in the body tend to move in an outward direction and transmit their motion to the next layer. This layer then transmits its motion to the next, and so on. As the vibrating body moves inward, the layer of air adjacent to it is rarefied to the point where its pressure is lower than that of the undisturbed atmosphere. This layer of rarefaction follows the layer of compression in the outward direction, at the same speed. The pressure at the layer of compression is higher than that of the undisturbed atmosphere. The succession of outwardly travelling layers of compression and rarefaction is called wave motion. The individual vibrating particles that transmit a sound wave do not change their average positions if the transmitting medium itself is not in motion. They merely vibrate about their equilibrium positions. 1.1.2 Frequency The subjective pitch of a simple sound is determined by the number of times per second at which the sound pressure disturbance oscillates between positive and negative values. The physical measure of this oscillation rate is called frequency. The unit of frequency is the cycle per second (cps), which by international standards is called hertz (Hz). The range of normal adult hearing extends approximately from 20 to 16,000 Hz. The human ear is most sensitive – that is, the threshold of audibility is lowest – for sounds around 3,000 Hz. For reference purposes, the frequency of the middle “C” key on a piano is 256 Hz, most vowels in speech are in the 250 to 500 Hz range, and consonants like the letter “S” are in the 2000 to 3000 Hz range. Introduction Shooting Ranges and Sound 9 1.1.3 Sound Pressure Sound can be sensed by the measurement of some physical quantity in the medium that is disturbed from its equilibrium value. The physical quantity that is generally of interest is the incremental variation in sound pressure above and below atmospheric pressure, which is normally about 100,000 Pa (1 Pa = 1 pascal = 1 newton/metre2, N/m2). Sound pressures are extremely small. For normal speech, they average about 0.1 Pa above and below atmospheric pressure, at a distance of one metre from the talker. 1.1.4 Sound Pressure Levels, Decibels The human ear is remarkably sensitive and responds to sound pressures ranging from 0.00002 Pa to 60 Pa, which is a one-million-to-one ratio. The tripling of the sound pressure is sensed as a doubling of the loudness; therefore, the threshold of audibility to pain is about twelve doublings of the loudness. This implies that a compressed scale will correlate better to loudness. Taking the ratio of a given sound pressure to the threshold of hearing (technically, it is the ratio of the squares of the pressures), and then the logarithm of that ratio, results in a scale of 0 to about 12 representing the range from threshold of hearing to painful. These scale numbers are called bels, which is a measurement unit named after Alexander Graham Bell. Multiplying the scale by 10 results in a range of 0 to 120 dB (decibels – tenths of bels), which is a much easier range to use. Each set of 10 dB represents a doubling of the subjective impression of the loudness of the sound. 1.1.5 Directivity Directivity is a measure of the difference in sound intensity, with respect to direction, and is usually stated as a function of angular position around the acoustical centre of the source and of frequency. Some sources of sound radiate nearly uniformly in all directions. These are called nondirective sources. In general, such sources are small in size as compared to the wavelength of the sound that they are radiating. Most practical sources are somewhat directive; in other words, they radiate more sound in some directions than in others. However, it is natural for sources of noise to be nondirective or nearly so at low frequencies. As the frequency increases, directivity generally also increases. 1.2 MECHANISMS OF NOISE GENERATION AND SHOOTING NOISE GENERATION In this section, two mechanisms of noise generation and shooting noise generation are discussed. 1.2.1 SHOCK WAVE Impulse noise is a transient noise that arises as a result of a sudden release of energy into the atmosphere. The physical characteristics of these impulses are largely dependent upon the geometry and scale of the source. The resulting waveform is further dependent upon the environment in which it propagates. Introduction Shooting Ranges and Sound 10 More specifically, impulses fall within the domain of shock wave physics. Given a sound source and receiver, gradually increase the sound pressure level of the source and measure the signal transmitted to the receiver. At the lower range of the sound pressure level, there is a linear relation between the source and the received sound pressure level. As the sound pressure level increases, the source-receiver function deviates from linearity and the wave distorts. This wave distortion is due to the wave speed that changes from one point to another. The original high-level sinusoid gradually distorts into a “saw tooth”-like wave, referred to as a shock sound wave, or a repeated series of shock waves. Across a shock front, the properties of the system change discontinuously. There are very high gradients of property change and viscous stresses become large. The thickness of the shock front is related to the rise time of the ideally-measured pressure “jump” across the shock. 1.2.2 VIBRATING SURFACES Sound can also be generated by a vibrating surface. A layer of air adjacent to the surface is moved and sound is subsequently radiated, as previously explained in Section 1.1.1. A loudspeaker mounted to a wall is an example. In a more complicated case, knocking on a door causes the surface of the door to vibrate and generate sound both inside and out. Larger surfaces generate more sound energy than smaller ones, which is the reason the tympani in an orchestra is large. Furthermore, sound can strike a surface causing it to vibrate and radiate sound from the other side. This is how sound gets through a glass window. 1.3 SOUND CHARACTERISTICS OF FIREARMS The muzzle report can be regarded as a point source with a directional characteristic. The ballistic wave can be treated as a coherent line source, radiating a conical shock wave. The propagation of the ballistic wave is extremely directional and is limited to a well-defined geometrical area. It is radiated mainly at an angle of 60° from the bullet path. The sound of a firearm usually concentrates on high frequency (i.e. above 1000 Hz). Some examples of sound pressure levels of firearms, measured at 10 m from the muzzle (downrange), using the A-weighted impulse setting, are listed in Table 1 below [8]. This type of measurement is discussed further in Section 1.6. It should be noted that the sound pressure levels are mostly between 100 dBA(I) and 130 dBA(I). These are given in dBA(I) since it is the correlation between the maximum sound level and the subjective impression of loudness that is important. Directivity diagrams of a typical rifle and a typical shotgun are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 respectively 1. 1 Falch, Edvard, “Noise from Shooting Ranges, a Nordic Prediction Method for Noise Emitted by Small-Bore Weapons,” Nordic Council of Ministers’ Noise Group, NBG, May 1984. Introduction Shooting Ranges and Sound 11 Table 1: Sound Pressure Levels of Firearms Being Measured at 10 m from the Muzzle (Downrange) Name, Calibre and Ammunition of Weapon Sound Pressure Level in dBA(I) Rifle M/96, 6.5 mm, SK PTR M/94 PRJ M/41 126 Rifle M/96, 6.5 mm, KPTR M/14 120 Hunting rifle, 7.62 mm, 30-60 Norma Jaktmatch 127 Hunting rifle II, 5.7 mm, 222 Remington N. Jaktmatch 124 AK 4, 7.62 mm, KPTR 10 120 AK 4, 7.62 mm, SK PTR 10 PRJ 128 AK 5 125 CC 63 Junior, Cal. 22, NORMA 22 LR (pistol) 103 Pistol m/40, 9 mm, SK PTR M/39 B 126 Shotgun, Cal. 12, NIKE Skeet, 70 mm, 32 g, 2 mm 127 Figure 1: Directivity of a Typical Rifle at 10 m Introduction Shooting Ranges and Sound 12 Figure 2: Directivity of a Typical Shotgun at 10 m 1.4 SOUND PROPAGATION This section describes the environmental factors affecting the propagation of sound. 1.4.1 Distance Sound spreads spherically at propagating distances that are large, as compared to the size of the source (point source approximation). Therefore, the sound level at the receiver decreases at a rate of 6 dB per doubling of distance from the source. From a line source, the propagation is more nearly cylindrical and the sound level decreases at 3 dB per doubling of distance. Although other factors can come into play, actual sound measurements often show this characteristic decay of 6 dB per doubling of distance. 1.4.2 Ground Effect The “ground effect” occurs over soft surfaces, such as a ploughed field or grass-covered field. A reflection from the soft surface becomes out of phase and then interferes with sound going in a straight line from source to receiver. The interference almost cancels the straight line sound resulting in as much as a 25 dB reduction in sound level. 1.4.3 Air Absorption Sound absorption occurs due to the vibration relaxation of oxygen molecules. Collisions with water vapour molecules is an important part of the energy transfer process and the frequency of maximum absorption is strongly dependent on the concentration of water vapour. At normal temperature and humidity, the oxygen relaxation results in strong absorption of sound at frequencies above approximately 2 kHz, which is significant for shooting range noise. Introduction Shooting Ranges and Sound 13 1.4.4 Weather, Wind and Temperature Inversion Weather is an important factor in outdoor sound propagation. Under most weather conditions, both wind and temperature vary with height above the ground. These vertical gradients cause the speed of sound to vary with height, which in turn cause the sound waves to travel along curved paths from source to receiver. For downwind propagation, the speed of sound relative to the ground increases with height, and sound paths are concave downwards due to the drag on the moving air at the ground. Conversely, for upwind propagation, speed decreases with height and sound paths tend to curve upwards, thus producing a shadow zone near the ground beyond a certain distance from the source. Hence, sound levels are increased downwind and decreased upwind. In a temperature inversion, most common at night and in the early morning due to radiation cooling of the ground, the sound speed increases with height up to a few tens or hundreds of metres, and sound paths are concave downwards. Under conditions of temperature lapse, which are most common during the day when the air near the ground is warmer, the ray paths curve upwards and produce a refractive shadow zone near the ground beyond a certain distance that depends on height of source above the ground. Sound levels are increased during a temperature inversion, and reduced in “normal lapse” conditions. The scattering effects of atmospheric turbulence increase with increasing distances of propagation. They increase approximately as the square root of increasing sound frequency and are greater in regions of the spectrum where the sound level is determined by interference or diffraction mechanisms. 1.5 HUMAN SENSITIVITY The greatest hearing acuity ranges from sound pressure level 40 dB to 80 dB and frequency 300 Hz to 5 kHz. Hearing acuity is poor at the extremes of the sound pressure level and frequency ranges. The human ear requires a finite amount of time to register a sound. Very short sounds (those that last less than about 0.2 seconds) do not register the same loudness as they would if they were to continue for a larger period of time. Sudden or unexpected noise can evoke a startle reflex, where the body is prepared for “fight or flight.” The body normally returns to the pre-exposure condition over a period of a few minutes. However, it is suggested that sustained or repeated exposure could lead to persistent changes in the neurophysiological, endocrine, sensory, digestive and cardiovascular systems, which in turn could cause deterioration in health. 1.6 SOUND MEASUREMENT This section presents various sound measurement cases. 1.6.1 Constant Sounds As described in Section 1.1, sound is a pressure wave travelling through the air from a source to a receiver. The simplest sound measurement case is that of a constant sound, such as that originating from a hydro transformer or idling truck. Introduction Shooting Ranges and Sound 14 Linear, A and C Frequency Weighting The human ear does not hear all frequencies equally well. The human ear is significantly insensitive to low frequency sounds (from 20 Hz to 250 Hz), sensitive to mid-frequency sounds (from 500 Hz to 2 kHz) and somewhat insensitive to high frequency sounds (from 4 kHz to 16 kHz). The frequency response of the human ear is taken into account by “weighting” the sound according to the frequency. If a sound is measured “un-weighted” – that is, with a “linear” or “Lin” frequency weighting – then the incoming sound pressure is not changed. The result is described as a sound pressure level and is expressed in dB, dB(Lin) or dBLin. At present, the most common and widely used frequency weighting is the A-weighting. The frequency characteristic of the A-weighting is shown in Figure 3. Frequency (Hz) A weighting — — C weighting Figure 3: Frequency Characteristics of A-Weighting and C-Weighting If a sound is measured with the A-weighting, then the result is described as a “sound level” and is expressed in dBA or dB(A). “C-weighting” is sometimes used for impulse noise measurement, although it is not often used for general sound level measurement. The C-weighting is similar to linear weighting, as only the low and high frequencies are reduced. C-weighting is also shown in Figure 3 above. Sound pressure levels, expressed in dBA, for a wide range of typical sounds are shown in Table 2. The sound levels are given in dBA because they are relatively steady and the dBA value corresponds to the subjective impression of loudness. Introduction Shooting Ranges and Sound 15 Table 2: Typical Sound Pressure Level Encountered in Daily Life Sound Pressure Level dB(A) Description of Sound Source Subjective Evaluation 140 Jet engine Deafening 130 Jet aircraft during takeoff (300 ft. away) Painful 120 “Hard rock” band (with electronic amplification) Onset of pain 107 Air hammer Temporary hearing loss 100 Crowd noise at football game Very loud 92 Heavy city traffic Very loud 80 Ringing alarm clock (at 2 ft.) Very loud 70 B-757 aircraft cabin during flight Loud 65 Busy restaurant or canteen Loud 60 Conversational Speech Moderate 5 Window air conditioner Moderate 34 Soft whisper (at 5 ft.) Faint 20 Rustling leaves Very faint 10 Human breathing Very faint Slow Sound Level Meter Response Sound level meters are originally analog measuring devices indicating the sound level by means of a moving needle. The maximum speed at which the needle moves is set by the “response time” of the needle. If the response time is long, then the needle moves more slowly. If the response time is short, then the needle moves more quickly. For the measurement of constant (or nearly constant) sound, a slow response time of 1 second is defined. Introduction Shooting Ranges and Sound 16 1.6.2 Time-Varying Sounds If a time-varying sound is measured, such as that from a passing truck, then the sound level expressed in dBA will rise and fall. This presents a more difficult problem for measurement than with a constant sound level. Fast Sound Level Meter Response In order to measure time-varying sounds, such as those from a passing truck, the “fast” meter response time of 0.125 seconds is defined. This allows the meter needle to move faster than it does for the slow meter response time. Using the fast response will result in the sound level meter needle rising as the truck approaches, reaching a maximum value that can be recorded, and then dropping as the truck recedes. The “fast” response corresponds well with the subjective impression of loudness because a response time of 0.125 seconds is close to that of the human ear. Modern digital sound level meters have a “Maximum” or “Max” Hold capability that automatically holds the maximum sound level achieved. The Energy Equivalent Sound Level, Leq Instead of measuring the sound level from a single passing truck, let us say that we need to measure the sound from traffic on a typical street. In this case, there will be many vehicles passing by, with each one having its own maximum level. Therefore, we must consider how to assess this time-varying sound. A method of describing time- varying sounds using a single number, which has gained widespread use, is the Energy Equivalent Sound Level, or “Leq.” The Leq of a sound is that single level which represents the same energy as the time-varying sound over the measurement period. Integrating Sound Level Meters measure Leq values directly by summing the incoming sound energy over the time of the measurement, averaging the energy, and then indicating a single Leq value for the measurement. Studies have shown a reasonable correlation between Leq sound levels in dBA and the overall community response to noise. The numerical definition of Leq is contained in Section 6. Since a Leq measurement must be taken over a certain time period, the length of time for the measurement is important. Some common time scales associated with Leq measurements are 1 hour, 24 hours, a 16-hour daytime measurement (e.g. 07:00 am to 11:00 pm) and an 8-hour night-time measurement (e.g. 11:00 pm to 07:00 am). The results of Leq measurements performed over these time periods are described as Leq (1 hour), Leq (24 hour), Leq (day) and Leq (night) respectively, and they are expressed in terms of dBA. Single Event Level (SEL) The Single Event Level (SEL) is a variation of the Leq, in which the level is adjusted to a standard time of 1 second. Calculation of the SEL from the Leq and measurement time is described in Section 6. The SEL has also been used for the measurement of impulsive sound from firearms. Levels measured in this way using A-weighting, are described as dBA(SEL). Introduction Shooting Ranges and Sound 17 1.6.3 Impulsive Sounds The noise from firearms is described as being “impulsive,” which signifies that the sound lasts for only a very short period of time, typically less than 1 second. Impulsive sounds are so short that even the fast meter response is not fast enough to give a true maximum level. The overall energy of a series of impulsive noises from firearms is correctly described by means of a Leq measurement. However, there is doubt that the Leq measurement adequately describes the community response to impulsive sound because of the startling effect such noise can have. This problem can be overcome by adding a penalty to the measured Leq value. In the 1971 version of ISO 1996 [14], a 5 dB penalty is recommended for impulsive noise. Other research has indicated penalties of 7 dB [25], 10 dB [10] or 12 dB [29]. Impulse Sound Level, dBAl A different solution to the impulse noise measurement problem is to develop a specific measurement technique for impulsive sounds. As previously stated, impulsive sounds have a very short duration; consequently, the 0.125 second fast meter response is not quick enough to keep up with them. The “impulse” meter response time of 0.035 seconds was originally developed to measure the hearing loss potential of impulsive noise in industry. Therefore, the Impulse Sound Level Meters have a meter response that is considerably faster than “fast.” In order to facilitate the act of taking the maximum reading, the meter needle is arranged to fall slowly (with a 3 second meter response time). Modern digital sound level meters contain a “Maximum” or “Max” Hold function that holds the maximum level for recording purposes. Measurements using the impulse sound level meter response are commonly taken with the A-weighting and expressed in terms of dBAl or dBA(I). Since the impulse sound level meter response represents a different measurement technique than that of the Leq, use of the impulse time response is not generally used for a Leq measurement. Leq measurements are usually performed with either fast or slow meter response times. Peak Sound Level Impulsive noise from blasting operations and firearms has been measured using the “Peak” meter response. Peak is the fastest meter response of all, as the digital meter holds the maximum instantaneous sound pressure difference (or overpressure) from the steady state ambient air pressure. Peak sound level measurements can be made with linear weighting expressed as dB Peak, or with A-weighting expressed as dBA Peak. Introduction Shooting Ranges and Sound 18 1.6.4 Measuring Sound Levels From Firearms Continuing from the previous section, there are two main methods of measuring impulsive sound, and hence firearm sound levels. The first method is to measure the Leq of the sound from a range over a 1 hour period, and then apply a penalty between 5 dB [14] and 12 dB [29]. The second method is to measure typical shots with the impulse (or peak) meter response and A-weighting to obtain a level expressed in terms of dBAl (or dBA Peak). If the individual impulse (or peak) sound levels vary, then they can be averaged to obtain a single result. Simple arithmetic averaging is one possibility; however, it is recommended to calculate the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level (LLM) which weights the higher levels [20]. The numerical definition of LLM is contained in Section 6. There is no strict correlation between sound levels measured in dBAl and Leq (measured in dBA). But, as indicated in Section 1.6.3, if about 8 is added to the dBAl level (5 to 12 depending on the reference), it can be considered equivalent to the Leq. That is, a series of 62 dBAl impulses is roughly equivalent to 70 dBA Leq in community response. Assessment of the annoyance of the sound from firearms using these techniques is discussed further in Section 2. SOUND LEVEL ASSESSMENT Shooting Ranges and Sound 19 2 SOUND LEVEL ASSESSMENT There are four stages in sound level assessment: 1. Determine a sound measurement technique, or parameter, which adequately describes the annoyance of a noise; 2. Develop a criterion sound level for the parameter; 3. Select the critical point of reception; and 4. Measure the sound at the critical point of reception using the parameter. In Section 1.6, the methods of measuring the impulsive sound from firearms were discussed, and it included the description of two impulsive sound level measurement parameters. The first parameter is a Leq measurement over a time period of 1 hour, expressed in dBA, to which is added a penalty of between 5 dB and 12 dB to compensate for the startle characteristic of impulsive noise. The second parameter is the measurement of individual shots using the impulse meter response and A-weighting, suitably averaging the resulting readings to provide a single level expressed in dBAI. In this section, the development of criterion sound levels (expressed in terms of dBAI or dBA Leq) and selection of the critical point of reception are reviewed. Procedures for the actual measurement of sound levels are discussed in Section 3. 2.1 PHILOSOPHY OF CRITERION SOUND LEVEL DEVELOPMENT Criterion sound levels can be set by following two philosophies: by establishing a fixed sound level as the criterion and by setting the existing background sound level as the criterion level. 2.1.1 Fixed Criterion Sound Levels Fixed criterion sound levels are based on two factors. They are based, firstly, on the level at which significant annoyance is expected to occur and, secondly, on the feasibility of achieving a particular level in actual practice. It should be noted that criterion sound levels do not necessarily set the level at which sound will become audible. Many jurisdictions accept that criterion sound levels are set at values for which a “slight community response” or “sporadic complaints” might result. One example of a fixed criterion level is the one contained in the Ontario Model Municipal Noise Control By-law, as follows: “For impulsive sound... from... the discharge of firearms on the premises of a licensed gun club... the applicable sound level limit – if it was in operation before January 1st, 1980 is 70 dBAl, and otherwise is 50 dBAI.”2 2 Ministry of the Environment, “Model Municipal Noise Control By-Law: Final Report,” August 1978, section 7. SOUND LEVEL ASSESSMENT Shooting Ranges and Sound 20 The Ministry of the Environment, “Model Municipal Noise Control By-Law: Final Report,” August 1978, recognizes that existing gun clubs may have difficulty reaching the 50 dBAI level, and thus include a “grandfather” clause allowing the higher sound level of 70 dBAI. The 50 dBAI level is also included in the Ministry of Environment and Energy, “Guide to Applying for Approval (Air): Noise and Vibration,” November 1995 and in the Federal-Provincial Advisory Committee on Environmental and Occupational Health, Health and Welfare Canada, “National Guidelines for Environmental Noise Control.” Arntzen, Eystein, Sorensen, Stefan and Lindblom, Eva, “Annoyance Caused by Noise from Shooting Ranges,” FASE, 84, pp. 443-448 indicates that community reaction to impulsive sound is “very low” when levels are less than 60 dBAI. Smoorenburg, Guido F., “Evaluation of impulse noise, in particular shooting noise, with regard to annoyance,” Internoise, 81, pp.779-782. 44 indicates that the “threshold for annoyance” due to impulsive noise is from 60 to 65 dBA (fast), which corresponds to approximately 65 to 70 dBAI. These references specify that the range of sound levels for limited community reaction to the sound of firearms is between 50 dBAI and 70 dBAI. One disadvantage of a fixed criterion is that it does not account for where the noise source is located. It might be expected that a firing range placed in rural surroundings will have a greater noise impact than one located close to a busy highway. A fixed criterion does not differentiate between these two surroundings. 2.1.2 Background Sound Levels as Criteria One technique for avoiding the problem of a fixed criterion and for differentiating between quiet rural situations and noisy urban situations is to set the existing background sound level as the criterion level. The philosophy is that the existing background sound levels should not be significantly increased by the noise from the noise source. In urban situations, the background sound level is primarily set by local and distant traffic or “urban hum.” In rural situations, the background sound is primarily set by natural sounds. One disadvantage of using background sound levels as criteria is that the background sound levels have to be measured before the noise source can be assessed. This makes the process more complicated. As a result, the rigidity of a fixed sound level criterion has been replaced by the complexity of having to measure the background sound levels. An added difficulty may exist in very quiet rural surroundings where it is often impossible to achieve sound levels as low as the existing background. In order to overcome these difficulties, “hybrid” criteria have been developed. These are discussed in Section 2.1.3. 2.1.3 Hybrid Sound Level Criteria Hybrid sound level criteria are actually a set of sound level criteria for different surroundings, such as rural, urban, downtown, etc. The sound level criteria actually represent typical background sound levels, which can be expected in surroundings of each type. The existing background sound levels no longer have to be measured; however, the different types of surroundings have to be carefully (or even legally) described so that the correct criterion for a particular surrounding area can be selected. SOUND LEVEL ASSESSMENT Shooting Ranges and Sound 21 In summation, a set of fixed sound level criteria for different surroundings overcomes the problems associated with the rigidity of a single fixed criterion and the complexity of having to measure existing background sound levels. The existing background sound environment will generally be either traffic noise in urban environments (urban hum) or natural sounds (wind, leaves rustling, etc.) in a rural environment. These sounds are not impulsive in nature, but are normally assessed using Leq. Therefore, the very use of hybrid sound level criteria leads to the use of Leq, with an appropriate penalty for the impulsive nature of the sound of firearms. Hybrid sound level criteria can be developed using ISO R1996 – 1971 3, which gives a Base Criterion range of 35 to 45 dBA with an average of 40 dBA. Corrections to the basic criterion for time of day and type of district are provided. These corrections can be applied to give the following set of sound level criteria values (in terms of 1 hour, Leq) for general sounds, depending on time of day and type of district. Time of Day Rural Urban Busy Urban Day 40 dBA 50 dBA 55 dBA Evening 35 dBA 45 dBA 50 dBA Night 30 dBA 40 dBA 45 dBA The Ministry of Environment and Energy, “Guide to Applying for Approval (Air): Noise and Vibration,” November 1995 xcontains levels below which no further requirements apply. These levels can be compared with the above ISO levels. Time of Day Rural Quiet Urban Noisy Urban Day 45 dBA 50 dBA 50 dBA Evening 40 dBA 47 dBA 45 dBA Night 40 dBA 45 dBA 45 dBA It can be seen that the two sets of levels are generally similar. The only difference is that the ISO levels are somewhat stricter than the Ontario levels. 3 ISO R1996, “Assessment of Noise with Respect to Community Response,” May 1971. SOUND LEVEL ASSESSMENT Shooting Ranges and Sound 22 2.2 POINT OF RECEPTION SELECTION Definition of the point of reception for noise from shooting ranges is an important step. Clearly, residences are the first choice; however, other buildings are also sensitive to noise. A point of reception for urban surroundings: “... any point on the premises of a person where sound or vibration originating from other than those premises is received.” “... the point of reception may be located on any of the following... premises: permanent or seasonal residences, hotels/motels, nursing/retirement homes, rental residences, hospitals, camp grounds and noise sensitive buildings such as schools and places of worship.” A point of reception located in rural surroundings: “... within 30m of a dwelling or a camping area.”4 The closest point of reception within the above definitions will generally be the critical point of reception. However, it may be that the closest point of reception is shielded from firearm noise by intervening buildings, walls or favourable topography. In this situation, sound levels may have to be measured (or predicted) at several points of reception to determine which location is the one with the highest sound levels and thus be designated as the critical point of reception. The typical reduction of noise from shooting ranges with distance is presented in Section 4. This information indicates that points of reception up to at least 1 kilometre away from a shooting range may have to be considered. 4 Ministry of Environment and Energy, “Guide to Applying for Approval (Air): Noise and Vibration,” November 1995, section 7. SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS Shooting Ranges and Sound 23 3 SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS In order to ensure the accurate and repeatable measurement of impulsive sound levels from firearms, the sound level meter, the sound level measurement procedure and the qualifications of the person performing the measurement need to be established. 3.1 SOUND LEVEL METER REQUIREMENTS This section details the requirements for the effective use of sound level meters. 3.1.1 Sound Level Meter Types In Section 1.6, two parameters were established as being suitable for the measurement of firearm-related sounds – that is, either a Leq measurement over a 1-hour period or a reading with the impulse meter response. Sound level meters with the capability of measuring Leq values over a period of time are generally called Integrating Sound Level Meters. Meters equipped with the impulse meter response are generally called Impulse Sound Level Meters. A meter equipped with both capabilities would be an “Integrating Impulse Sound Level Meter.” In order to measure the noise from shooting ranges, one of these three types of sound level meters is required. A major standard defining sound level meter characteristics is IEC 651. Four degrees of precision for sound level meters are established as follows: Type 0 Laboratory (highest) Grade Type 1 Precision Grade Type 2 Survey Grade Type 3 Lowest Grade 5 IEC 651 defines tolerances for Lin, A and C-weighting networks, as well as for slow, fast and impulse meter response times. The components of a sound level meter are described in Section 1.6. It is generally accepted that Type 2, Survey Grade or higher grade sound level meters are suitable for the assessment of community noise. The use of Type 3 instruments is not recommended. 3.1.2 Sound Level Meter Calibration Sound level meters require a calibration adjustment prior to every use. To do this, a sound level calibrator, which fits over the microphone, is often used. It produces a sound of a fixed level and frequency. A sound level calibrator must therefore be available for the measurement of shooting range noise. 3.1.3 Accessories Required for Sound Level Meters Microphones are susceptible to the sound of wind blowing across them. To reduce the effect of wind noise, a windshield or wind screen should be available and used for all outdoor measurements. Weather conditions for meaningful sound level measurements are discussed in Section 3.2.2. 5 IEC Standard 651, 1979, section 7. SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS Shooting Ranges and Sound 24 When Leq measurements or other sound level measurements are being performed over a lengthy time period, the sound level meter should be mounted on a tripod. 3.2 SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES Detailed sound level measurement procedures are included in the Ontario Model Municipal By-law Ministry of the Environment, “Model Municipal Noise Control By-Law: Final Report,” August 1978 and in the Ministry of Environment and Energy, “Guide to Applying for Approval (Air): Noise and Vibration,” November 1995. These, or similar references, should be followed in order to ensure meaningful sound level measurement results. Adequate sound level measurement procedures are discussed in Sections 3.2.1 through 3.2.3. 3.2.1 Calibration The Integrating and/or Impulse Sound Level Meters used for the measurement of shooting range noise must be calibrated with a sound level calibrator before and after the measurements. 3.2.2 Weather Conditions The sound level meter and the sound level calibrator should never be used in weather conditions outside the temperature and humidity ranges, etc. specified by the manufacturer. A windshield or windscreen should be used for all outdoor measurements. Weather conditions for meaningful noise measurements are generally considered to be winds below 15 to 20 km/hr (even with a windscreen) with no precipitation, in addition to the temperature and humidity limitations stated by the manufacturer. 3.2.3 Recording The following information should be recorded for all outdoor sound level measurements: 1. Measurer's name; 2. Date; 3. Time of day for the measurements; 4. Weather conditions: (a) Temperature; (b) Wind speed and direction; (c) Relative humidity; and (d) Cloud cover; 5. Measurement location(s) with drawing or map; 6. Major noises included in the measurement (e.g. firearms, traffic, etc.); 7. Noise excluded from the measurement (e.g. trains, aircraft, dogs barking, etc.); 8. Sound level with description (e.g. dBAl or dBA, Leq – 1 hour); and 9. Any other relevant information or comments. SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS Shooting Ranges and Sound 25 3.3 SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT PERSONNEL Levels of impulsive sound due to firearms should only be measured by personnel trained in outdoor sound level measurement procedures. Personnel can be either at the technical level or at the engineering level. Provincial Ministries of the Environment often list recognized consultants working in the field of acoustics and noise control. Staff of such recognized organizations can be utilized for sound level measurements of firearms. In Ontario, noise issues have been redirected to the municipal level and courses in sound level measurement procedures are provided to train municipal staff, such as by- law officers. Personnel who have successfully completed such courses become qualified to perform sound level measurements of firearms. Relatively few community colleges or universities offer formal training in acoustics and noise control. However, graduates of these institutions having earned credits in relevant courses, and having been under supervision or possessing relevant sound level measurement experience for at least 1 year, are deemed qualified. Industrial hygienists are often trained in sound level measurements in factory surroundings. Any staff members who undergo additional training in outdoor sound level measurement, and/or supervision by personnel who are themselves trained as described above, are also qualified. RANGE CONSTRUCTION PLANNING ADVICE Shooting Ranges and Sound 26 4 RANGE CONSTRUCTION PLANNING ADVICE This section provides advice on the design, planning and construction of both outdoor and indoor shooting ranges. 4.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR OUTDOOR AND INDOOR RANGES The design considerations for the construction of outdoor and indoor shooting ranges are detailed in Sections 4.1.1 through 4.1.2. 4.1.1 Design Considerations – Outdoor Ranges In this section, we consider only the most general principles of sound propagation in the environment. Sound pressure level, or loudness, decreases as distance from the sound source increases. Yet, the sound pressure level at any distant location is greatly influenced by the terrain between source and receiver. The examples described below show typical relationships between the sound level of a firearm and the distance from the firearm at which it is measured for different kinds of terrain. It is known that noise carries best over water, but this is also true over flat frozen ground. Figure 4 shows the reduction in sound level with distance from a typical rifle firearm, up to a distance of 1000 m. Figure 4: Attenuation Over Distance – No Ground Effect RANGE CONSTRUCTION PLANNING ADVICE Shooting Ranges and Sound 27 The sound level is given in units of dBAI. This same figure takes into consideration whether the surface between source and receiver is water, frozen ground or a sloped frozen ground surface – the key characteristic is that the surface is flat. Noise does not carry as well over flat open ground due to the “ground effect.” The ground must be essentially flat, level or sloped. Figure 5 shows sound levels as functions of distance for this condition, and it can be seen that they are significantly less than those over water. Figure 5: Attenuation over Distance with Ground Effect Although, even at large distances from a firearm source, such as 1000 m, the sound levels can still be on the order of 60 to 70 dBAI. RANGE CONSTRUCTION PLANNING ADVICE Shooting Ranges and Sound 28 A hill, berm or barrier between the source and receiver, particularly one which breaks the line of sight between source and receiver, provides further reduction in sound level. The higher the hill, the greater the reduction despite the law of diminishing returns associated with this “barrier effect.” Figure 6 shows an example of a 10 m high hill located 100 m away from a noise source. These data have been calculated in the same way as the previous figures. Figure 6: Attenuation Over Distance With and Without Berm In conclusion, sound is reduced by a combination of effects: distance, terrain and barriers. RANGE CONSTRUCTION PLANNING ADVICE Shooting Ranges and Sound 29 4.1.2 Design Considerations – Indoor Ranges This section considers only the most general principles of noise propagation from the interior of a building to the exterior; it is not concerned with the internal noise levels of the range. Noise is reduced in pressure or loudness as it crosses a wall. This noise reduction, when measured in a laboratory, is called transmission loss. The first rule of transmission loss is called “Mass Law” and indicates that partitions of higher mass (i.e. greater weight per square metre) reduce sound more. Figure 7 shows the noise reduction or transmission loss for three different wall types. Figure 7: Noise Reduction Across the Wall If the wall consists of 16 gauge steel sheets, such as the exterior wall of an ordinary storage shed, noise is reduced about 10 dB at 63 Hz and about 30 dB at 500 Hz. A heavier wall, such as an 8-inch hollow concrete block, provides about 35 dB of reduction at 63 Hz and about 50 dB at 500 Hz. This is the effect of Mass Law. RANGE CONSTRUCTION PLANNING ADVICE Shooting Ranges and Sound 30 However, a wall made of two leaves, such as a 16 gauge steel sheet and a layer of Gypsum Wall Board (GWB), separated by a distance of approximately 150 mm and which uses a resilient element, such as commercially-available Resilient Channel, provides an entirely different characteristic. At low frequencies, this construction provides about the same transmission loss as any other wall of equal weight/square metres; however, in higher frequencies this wall will outperform a solid partition of much greater weight. Sound-absorbing materials placed interior to the building will reduce the sound level in the building; those on the exterior help to reduce other types of noise, but they have only a small effect on the exterior noise caused by shooting noise. Sound-absorbing materials placed interior to the building reduce the build-up of reverberant noise within the space, but since they are on the surface of the building, they do not affect the initial impulse of noise from a firearm discharge. Holes in a wall are the natural enemy of noise control. Walls, such as those described above, that can reduce sound by 60 dB are, in fact, allowing only one part in one million of the sound energy through the wall. An opening in the wall, such as a window representing just 1% of the total area of the wall, will allow so much sound through that the overall noise reduction of the wall will only be about 20 dB. Consequently, if a window is to be introduced it needs to be closed and sealed, as well as have a transmission loss characteristic that is essentially the same as the wall in which it is located. Finally, almost any enclosure will actually increase the sound levels that the shooter is exposed to by virtue of the reverberation within the space. In real spaces with plenty of sound-absorbing materials, the actual reverberant sound levels are about 5 dB higher than they would be in the open. 4.2 PLANNING FOR SHOOTING RANGES In this section, various factors affecting sound propagation and which influence the selection of a shooting range site are discussed. 4.2.1 Outdoor Ranges Consider Receivers Up to 3 km Distant Considering the nature of the noise source, directivity, topography and climatic conditions, receivers (particularly residences) as far as 1 to 3 km away may be affected, especially downrange. Natural Barriers Ideally, a range should take advantage of a natural hill, berm or escarpment in the downrange direction. Man-made barriers greater than 5 m in height become very expensive while natural hills are often very much higher, thus being more effective in reducing noise levels downrange. Potential for Berm or Barrier Required berms or barriers may be created in the process of levelling and preparing the shooting range site. Material removed can be used to create the berm. Additionally, excavation at the shooter location increases the height difference between shooter and berm, making the berms more effective. RANGE CONSTRUCTION PLANNING ADVICE Shooting Ranges and Sound 31 Barriers Barriers can be constructed from many materials (e.g. wood, metal and concrete), but they must have a minimum surface density of 20 kg/m2, such as that of 37 mm thick wood. Barriers must be continuous, with no gaps or holes and must touch the ground (i.e. leaving no gap between the barrier and ground). There should be no trees near the barrier or on the top of any berm. Climatic Conditions In many locations, the wind tends to have a preferred direction. For example, the wind might come from a northwest direction 20% of the time and from a southeast direction only 10% of the time. These tendencies also change according to the time of year. Wind rosettes are available from Environment Canada, usually for airport locations. Sound levels are increased at distances during temperature inversions, which commonly occur on summer nights when the wind speed is low, as indicated in Section 1.4.4. All else being equal, the climatic conditions alone can cause sound levels to vary significantly. It is important to advise the surrounding community that shooting noise may be audible during an inversion or when the wind originates from a particular direction, and perhaps not audible at other times. Shooter Enclosure Certain types of ranges lend themselves to the construction of a shooter enclosure, which may be nothing more than a barrier behind the shooter and a roof overhead. However, each shooting station can be separated from each adjacent station by baffles in which the shooter aims through a port, or window, to the target external to the enclosure. Significant sound attenuation can be achieved in all directions, including downrange, provided the enclosure is heavy and well-sealed, and that sound-absorbing material is used extensively in the interior of the enclosure. Existing Noise Sources, Particularly Transportation Transportation noise is generally considered part of the background noise against which the shooting noise may be compared. Average sound levels near highways and superhighways are often in the 60 to 70 dBA range for 16 to 24 hours per day. In such areas, the shooting noise may be buried in the background noise. Therefore, it may be advantageous to locate a shooting range near a major highway. Locations to Avoid Several types of topography should be avoided, as they either help the propagation of sound or make it inherently difficult to provide noise controls. Noise control is particularly difficult when a shooting range is located near water (i.e. water between the source and receiver), bare rocks or large paved surfaces. As previously mentioned, sound propagates very well over a large valley, particularly if the shooter is aimed over the valley. RANGE CONSTRUCTION PLANNING ADVICE Shooting Ranges and Sound 32 4.2.2 Indoor Ranges In this section, several factors affecting sound propagation and which influence an indoor range site selection and building construction are discussed. Consider All Potential Receivers Up to 1 km Away Considering the relatively light wall and roof construction, the terrain and the climactic conditions of an existing building serving as an indoor range, receivers as far as 1 km away may be affected. Wall and Roof Construction The walls and roof of the indoor range building generally require a heavier and/or double-leaf construction in order to provide adequate transmission loss. Sound-Absorbing Materials Sound-absorbing materials on the inside of the indoor range provide some reduction of noise to the exterior and will reduce interior sound levels, thus making the interior much more comfortable. However, the initial impulse of sound is generally affected very little by sound-absorbing materials. Hearing protection for shooters and staff is advised. Openings to the Exterior All openings to the exterior of the building require about the same degree of transmission loss as the walls and roof. Windows, skylights, doors (especially overhead ones) and loading doors require special treatment. Similarly, openings for air intake and exhaust, ventilation fans, and washroom and kitchen exhaust fans may require special treatment. ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES Shooting Ranges and Sound 33 5 ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES This section discusses the techniques for reducing the noise produced by outdoor and indoor shooting ranges. 5.1 NOISE ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR OUTDOOR SHOOTING RANGES In this section, we consider an outdoor shooting range on flat ground (either level or sloping). The effects of a natural hill located directly downrange, a combination berm/barrier added to the side, and a barrier behind the shooters are examined. 5.1.1 Natural Hill Figure 8 shows the sound levels downrange for typical rifle noise, without any other noise controls in place. Figure 8: Attenuation Over Distance With and Without Hill ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES Shooting Ranges and Sound 34 The sound levels over flat ground are shown, along with the sound levels that occur at a 20 m high natural hill located 150 m from the shooter’s position. The hill provides more than 20 dB attenuation, reducing sound levels from the range of 60 to 70 dBAl to levels in the range of 40 to 50 dBAI. 5.1.2 Barriers at Sides Figure 9 shows the effect of a 5 m barrier located 25 m from the shooter at the side of the range, assuming there is flat ground. Figure 9: Attenuation Over Distance With and Without Side Barriers Once again, the barrier provides significant reduction in noise, but since it is only 25% of the height of the hill and half the distance away, it provides less attenuation. ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES Shooting Ranges and Sound 35 5.1.3 Barrier Behind Shooter Figure 10 (see Appendix G) shows the effect of a barrier behind a shooter. Since the direction is behind the shooter, sound levels are lower due to directivity. Figure 10: Attenuation Over Distance With and Without Barrier Behind Shooter The barrier, 3 m high and 10 m behind the shooter, provides a reduction of about 10 dB. ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES Shooting Ranges and Sound 36 Reviewing the calculated data downrange, to the side of the range and behind the shooter, highlights the requirement for a higher and closer barrier at the sides, in order to achieve the sound levels accomplished with the hill and behind-the-shooter barriers. 5.2 NOISE ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR INDOOR SHOOTING RANGES In this section, we consider an indoor range with and without walls, and various walls constructions. 5.2.1 Walls Table 3 shows the calculated sound levels for various wall constructions. It shows sound levels 100 m from the shooter, assuming the handgun has a sound level of 160 dBA (peak) and that the sound is measured 2 m from the handgun at 90° to the line of fire. Both the double-leaf construction and the concrete-block construction provide sound levels of 42 dBAl at 100 m downrange from the shooter. Again, these calculations are for demonstration purposes only and the actual sound level will vary based on the actual firearm used, the planned construction, construction quality and the exterior terrain. Table 3: Sound Levels, dBAl, 100m from Indoor Range (Sound Pressure of the Handgun Being Measured is 160 dBAl at 600 mm) Construction of Wall SPL (dBAl) at 100 m from Shooter, Downrange No Walls 109 16 gauge sheet steel 73 16 gauge sheet steel, steel studs, resilient channel, 16 mm GWB 42 8-inch hollow concrete blocks 42 5.3 PRACTICAL MEASURES OF NOISE CONTROL This section summarizes in point-form the practical measures to take for noise control in outdoor and indoor shooting ranges. 5.3.1 Outdoor Shooting Ranges ¾ Range should be located facing a natural high hill. ¾ Berms and barriers should be as close and high as possible. ¾ Barriers should be covered with sound-absorbing, weatherproof material. ¾ Berms and barriers must be designed for drainage considerations, wind and snow accumulation. ¾ Shooting range should be oriented so that “downrange” is away from critical receivers. ¾ There should be a shooter enclosure, with interior surfaces covered with sound- absorbing material where possible. ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES Shooting Ranges and Sound 37 ¾ Locations near lakes, rivers and open ground should be avoided. ¾ Trees on the tops of berms or near barriers should be avoided. 5.3.2 INDOOR SHOOTING RANGES ¾ Consider noise both through the roof and walls. ¾ Heavy and/or two-leaf wall and roof construction should be employed. ¾ Sound-absorbing materials should be applied to the interior of the indoor range. ¾ All doors and windows require the same transmission loss characteristics as the roof and walls. ¾ All openings should be acoustically treated, especially air intakes and exhausts (e.g. locate HVAC equipment in the ceiling of any office area’s supply and return it ducted to the shooting area). GLOSSARY Shooting Ranges and Sound 38 6 GLOSSARY The majority of these technical definitions are derived from the Ministry of the Environment, “Model Municipal Noise Control By-Law: Final Report,” August 1978. A-Weighted Sound Pressure Level The sound pressure level that is modified by the application of A-weighting. It is measured in A-weighted decibels and denoted dBA. A-Weighting The frequency weighting characteristic as specified in IEC 123 or IEC 179 and intended to approximate the relative sensitivity of the normal human ear to different frequencies (pitches) of sound. Acoustic Calibrator An electro-mechanical or mechanical device intended for the calibration of sound level meters and meeting the specifications of Publication NPC-102 – Instrumentation, for Acoustic Calibrators. Decibel A dimensionless measure of sound level or sound pressure level; see “Sound Pressure Level.” Effective Sound Pressure The “effective sound pressure” at a point is the root-mean square value of the instantaneous sound pressure, over a time interval, at the point under consideration as detected with a sound level meter. Equivalent Sound Level Sometimes denoted as Leq. It is the value of the constant sound level that results from exposure to the same total A-weighted energy as does the specified time-varying sound, if the constant sound level persists over an equal time interval. It is measured in dBA. The mathematical definition of Equivalent Sound Level (Leq) for an interval defined as occupying the period between two points in time t1 and t2 is: Leq = 10 log10 ⎥⎥ ⎦ ⎤ ⎢⎢ ⎣ ⎡ −∫dtp tp tt t t r 2 1 2 2 21 )(1 where p(t) is the time-varying A-weighted sound pressure and pr is the reference pressure of 20 µPa. Fast Response A dynamic characteristic setting of a sound level meter. Frequency The “frequency” of a periodic quantity is the number of times that the quantity repeats itself in a unit interval of time. The unit of measurement is hertz (Hz), which represents the number of cycles per second. GLOSSARY Shooting Ranges and Sound 39 General Purpose Sound Level Meter A sound level meter that meets the specifications of Publication NPC-102 – Instrumentation, for General Purpose Sound Level Meters. Impulse Response A dynamic characteristic setting of a sound level meter meeting the specifications of Publication NPC-102 - Instrumentation, for Impulse Sound Level Meters. Impulse Sound Level The sound level of an impulsive sound as measured with an Impulse Sound Level Meter set to impulse response. It is measured in A-weighted decibels and denoted dBAI. Impulse Sound Level Meter A sound level meter that meets the specifications of any publication for Impulse Sound Level Meters. Impulsive Sound A single pressure pulse or a single burst of pressure pulses. Integrating Sound Level Meter A sound level meter that is capable of being used to derive the Equivalent Sound Level (Leq). Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level Sometimes denoted LLM. For N impulsive sounds, LLM is ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the arithmetic mean often to the power of one tenth the Impulse Sound Level of each impulsive sound. Algebraically, it can be written as follows: LLM = 10 log10 ()⎥⎦ ⎤⎢⎣ ⎡+++10/10/10/10...10101 21 NdBAIdBAIdBAI N where dBAI1, dBAI2, …, dBAIN are the N impulse sound levels. Overpressure The "overpressure" at a point, due to an acoustic disturbance, is the instantaneous difference at that point between the peak pressure during the disturbance and the ambient atmospheric pressure. The unit of measurement is the pascal. One pascal, abbreviated Pa, is the same as one newton per square metre, abbreviated N/m2. Overpressure Level It is twenty times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the peak pressure to the reference pressure of 20 µPa. Peak Pressure Level Detector A device capable of measuring peak pressure or pressure level perturbations in air which meets the specifications of Publication NPC-102 – Instrumentation, for Peak Pressure Level Detectors. SEL The energy mean value of the single event noise exposure level, which may be calculated from the equation: SEL = NLmax+10 log10tea (dB). GLOSSARY Shooting Ranges and Sound 40 Slow Response A dynamic characteristic setting of a sound level meter meeting the applicable specifications of Publication NPC-102 – Instrumentation. Sound An oscillation in pressure, stress, particle displacement or particle velocity, in a medium with internal forces (e.g. elastic, viscous) or the superposition of such propagated oscillations, which may cause an auditory sensation. Sound Level The A-weighted sound pressure level. Sound Level Meter An instrument that is sensitive to and calibrated for the measurement of sound. Sound Pressure The instantaneous difference between the actual pressure and the average or barometric pressure at a given location. The unit of measurement is the micropascal (µPa), which is the same as a micronewton per square meter (µN/m2). Sound Pressure Level It is twenty times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the effective pressure (p) of a sound to the reference pressure (pr) of 20 µPa. Therefore, the sound pressure level in dB = 20 log10(p/pr). REFERENCES Shooting Ranges and Sound 41 7 REFERENCES [1] ANSI S12.7-1986, “Methods for Measurement of Impulse Noise.” [2] Arntzen, Eystein, Sorensen, Stefan and Lindblom, Eva, “Annoyance Caused by Noise from Shooting Ranges,” FASE, 84, pp. 443-448. [3] Assmann, Jürgen. “Measurement and Assessment of Noise in the Neighbourhood of Shooting Ranges,” Internoise, 85, pp.1283-1286. [4] Barman Swallow Associates, “Cold Creek Range Noise Study for Metro Toronto and Region Conservation Authority,” October 1987. [5] Brüel, Per V., “Assessment of Noise from Shooting Ranges for Setting Legal Limits,” FASE, 84, pp. 455-458. [6] Bullen, R. B. and Hede, A. J., “Assessment of Community Noise Exposure from Rifle Shooting,” Journal of Sound and Vibration (1982), 82(1), pp. 29-37. [7] Embleton, T. F. W., “Sound Propagation Outdoors – Improved Prediction Schemes for the 80’s,” Noise Control Engineering, Volume 18, Number 1, January-February 1982. [8] Falch, Edvard, “Noise from Shooting Ranges, a Nordic Prediction Method for Noise Emitted by Small-Bore Weapons,” Nordic Council of Ministers’ Noise Group, NBG, May 1984. [9] Federal-Provincial Advisory Committee on Environmental and Occupational Health, Health and Welfare Canada, “National Guidelines for Environmental Noise Control.” [10] Groeneveld, Ymte and de Jong, R. G., “CEC Joint Project on Impulse Noise: Overall Results of the Field Survey,” Internoise, 85, pp. 905-908. [11] Hamernik, Roger P. and Hsueh, Keng D., “Impulse noise: Some definitions, physical acoustics and other considerations,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 90(1), July 1991, pp. 189-196. [12] Hofmann, Robert F., Rosenheck, Allan J. and Guggenbühl, “Prediction and Evaluation of Noise from Rifle Shooting Ranges,” Internoise, 85, pp. 883-886. [13] IEC Standard 651, 1979. [14] ISO R1996, “Assessment of Noise with Respect to Community Response,” May 1971. [15] ISO 1996/2-1987, “Acoustics – Description and measurement of environmental noise – Part 2: Acquisition of data pertinent to land use.” [16] Kurze, U. J. and Schreiber, L., “Shielding of Shooting Noise by Earth Berms and Walls,” Internoise, 86, pp. 485-488 [17] Lundquist, Björn, “Measurement versus Calculation of the Noise Emission from Weapons,” FASE, 84, pp. 467-470 [18] Lundquist, Björn, “The Reflected Noise behind a Rifle Shooting Range,” FASE, 84, pp. 471-474 [19] Ministry of Environment and Energy, “Guide to Applying for Approval (Air): Noise and Vibration,” November 1995. [20] Ministry of the Environment, “Model Municipal Noise Control By-Law: Final Report,” August 1978. REFERENCES Shooting Ranges and Sound 42 [21] Niedzielski, Rebecca A., “MPCA Impulse Noise Study: Final Report, May 1991,” Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. [22] Pääkkönen, R., “Noise Attenuation of Structures against Impulses from Large Calibre Weapons or Explosions,” Applied Acoustics, 45 (1995), pp. 263-278. [23] Pääkkönen, R., Anttonen, H. and Niskanen, J., “Noise Control on Military Shooting Ranges for Rifles,” Applied Acoustics, 32 (1991), pp. 49-60. [24] Schomer, Paul D., “A Model to Describe Community Response to Impulse Noise,” Noise Control Engineering, Volume 18, Number 1, January - February 1982, pp. 5-15. [25] Schreiber, L. J. and Kurze, U. J., “Sound Propagation from Rifle Shooting Ranges,” Internoise, 86, pp.425-430. [26] Schuller, Willem M. and de Zeeuw, Jakob H., “Acoustic Effect of Trees on Barriers,” Internoise, 81, pp. 253-256. [27] Seshagiri, B.V., “Measurement of Gun Shot Noise at the Cold Creek Conservation Area,” 1976. [28] Seshagiri, B. V., “Measurement of Shotgun Noise at the Cold Creek Conservation Area,” 1977. [29] Smoorenburg, Guido F., “Evaluation of impulse noise, in particular shooting noise, with regard to annoyance,” Internoise, 81, pp.779-782. 44 [30] Sörensen, S. and Magnusson, J., “Annoyance Caused by Noise from Shooting Ranges,” Journal of Sound and Vibration (1979), 62(3), pp. 437-442. [31] Vos, Joos and Geurtsen, Frank W. M., “Leq as a measure of annoyance caused by gunfire consisting of impulse with various proportions of higher and lower sound levels,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 82(4), October 1987, pp. 1201-1206. [32] Vos, Joos, “A Review of Field Studies on Annoyance due to Impulse and Road- Traffic Sounds,” Internoise, 85, pp. 1029-1032. SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com May 12, 2017 Duncan Anderson Manager Municipal Law Enforcement Clerks Municipality of Clarington 40 Temperance Street Bowmanville, ON L1C 3A6 DAnderson@clarington.net Re: Sound Level Measurement Results – Orono Fish and Hunt Club 1. Introduction At the request of the Municipality of Clarington, Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. (SACL) conducted sound level measurements for shooting noise at 4 residences on Leskard Road during an event in the Orono Fish and Hunt Club on October 22, 2016. This report outlines the measurement results and assessment. 2. Noise Criteria Sections related to shooting ranges in the Municipality of Clarington noise bylaws 2007-071 are outlined as follow: Section 3.1 A noise curfew shall apply to the Orono Fish and Hunt Club. The curfew shall be from 9:00 p.m. until 8:00 a.m. the following day (Monday through Saturday), 9:00 p.m. Saturday until 10:00 a.m. Sunday, and 4:00 p.m. Sunday until 8:00 a.m. Monday. Section 3.1.1 During non-curfew times, any noise emanating from the use of a shooting range shall not exceed: (a) 70 dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation prior to January 1 st 1980; or (b) 50 dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation after January 1 st 1980. It is our understanding that Orono Fish and Hunt Club began operation prior to January 1 st 1980; therefore the 70 dBAI sound level limit is applicable. Attachment 8 to Report CLD-014-17 Page 2Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 May 12, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com 3. Measurement Methodology Sound level measurements were conducted in the afternoon on October 22, 2016. The following sections describe the methodology of the measurements. 3.1. Measurement Locations Sound levels were measured at the residential properties on Leskard Road near the shooting range, as listed in Table 1. These locations are shown in Figure 1. Table 1: Measurement Locations Address Measurement Location 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 50 m from the house. 7685 Leskard Road Front yard by the driveway, approximately 30 m from the house. 7150 Leskard Road Side yard, approximately 24 m north of the house. 7506 Leskard Road Deck at the rear of the house, elevated from backyard. 3.2. Types of Firearms Since the Orono Fish and Hunt Club was not informed about the sound level measurements, the types of firearm discharged during the measurements are not known. 3.3. Measurement Parameters The impulse sound levels of the shooting noise were measured in A-weighted decibels and are denoted dBAI. The impulse sound level is the sound level of an impulsive sound as measured with a sound level meter set to impulse response. The ambient sound levels, expressed in Equivalent Sound Level (Leq) were measured at selected measurement locations over a 30 second period when no shooting noise was generated. 3.4. Instrumentation Sound levels were measured using a Brüel and Kjær Hand-held Analyzer Type 2250 (serial number 3007997) with a Brüel and Kjær ½” Prepolarized Condenser Microphone Type 4189 (serial number 2983426). The sound level meter was field-calibrated with a Brüel and Kjær Sound Level Calibrator Type 4230 (serial number 1274906). A wind shield over the microphone was used for all outdoor sound level measurements. Calibration documents for the instrumentation are available upon request. Page 3Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 May 12, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com 4. Measurement Results The measurement results are summarised in Table 2. Table 2: Measurement Results Measurement Location Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) Notes 7560 Leskard Road 55 Shooting noise faintly audible. 53 Shooting noise faintly audible. 52 Shooting noise faintly audible. 53 Shooting noise faintly audible. 57 Shooting noise faintly audible. Includes noise from leaves rustling. 7685 Leskard Road 51 Ambient 53 Shooting noise barely audible. 54 Shooting noise barely audible. 55 Shooting noise barely audible. 53 Shooting noise barely audible. 59 Shooting noise barely audible. 54 Shooting noise barely audible. 7150 Leskard Road 50 Ambient 54 Shooting noise barely audible. 51 Shooting noise barely audible. 53 Shooting noise barely audible. 7506 Leskard Road 60 Shooting noise faintly audible. 57 Shooting noise faintly audible. 53 Shooting noise faintly audible. 53 Shooting noise faintly audible. 53 Shooting noise faintly audible. Page 4Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 May 12, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com 5. Noise Assessments The measured impulsive sound levels are between 51 dBAI and 60 dBAI. Therefore they are below the sound level limit of 70 dBAI in the Municipality of Clarington noise bylaws 2007-071. 6. Concluding Remarks Sound level measurements were conducted at 4 residences on Leskard Road during an event in the Orono Fish and Hunt Club on October 22, 2016. The measured impulsive sound levels are below the sound level limit in the Municipality of Clarington noise bylaws. Please do not hesitate to contact us if there are any questions. Yours Truly, Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Pearlie Yung, M.Sc., P.Eng. Senior Project Engineer REPORT SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com Orono Fish and Hunt Club 3292 Concession Road 7, Orono, Ontario Noise Assessment SACL #B6-611 April 28, 2017 Submitted to: Duncan Anderson Manager Municipal Law Enforcement Clerks Municipality of Clarington 40 Temperance Street Bowmanville, Ontario, L1C 3A6 Tel: 905-623-3379 ext. 2110 DAnderson@clarington.net Submitted by: Pearlie Yung, M.Sc., P.Eng. Senior Project Engineer Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. 23-366 Revus Ave. Mississauga, Ontario, L5G 4S5 Tel: 905-271-7888 pyung@thorntontomasetti.com Attachment 9 to Report CLD-014-17 Page iiOrono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com Table of Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Noise Criteria ................................................................................................................................. 1 2.1. Noise Bylaws ........................................................................................................................... 1 2.2. NPC-205 and NPC-232 ............................................................................................................ 2 2.3. NPC-300 .................................................................................................................................. 2 2.4. Discussion................................................................................................................................ 3 3. Measurement Methodology ........................................................................................................... 4 3.1. Measurement Locations ........................................................................................................... 4 3.2. Types of Firearms .................................................................................................................... 4 3.3. Measurement Parameters ........................................................................................................ 5 3.4. Weather Conditions .................................................................................................................. 5 3.5. Instrumentation ........................................................................................................................ 5 4. Measurement Results .................................................................................................................... 5 5. Noise Assessment ....................................................................................................................... 10 6. Concluding Comments ................................................................................................................ 11 Figures ................................................................................................................................................. 12 Appendices .......................................................................................................................................... 14 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Measurement Locations .......................................................................................................... 4 Table 2: Measurement Results.............................................................................................................. 5 LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX A – Weather Conditions APPENDIX B – Measurement Results Page 1Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com 1. Introduction At the request of the Municipality of Clarington, Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. (SACL) conducted sound level measurements for shooting noise from the Orono Fish and Hunt Club on March 23, 2017. The report outlines the measurement results and assessment. The Orono Fish and Hunt Club is located at 3292 Concession Road 7 in Orono. Sound level measurements took place at the nearby residential properties when firearms were discharged from the 25-metre range that is located approximately 660 m north of Concession Road 7, between Leskard Road and Brown Road. At the time of the measurements, the following noise control measures were being implemented: · Berms around the shooting range to the north, east and west. Height of the berms are unknown. · Acoustic panels covered by burlap, which provide sound absorption, have been installed to separate each of the firing positions. · Sound attenuation insulation has been added on the structure at the firing line, including a portion of the wall facing the firing points and an area on the underside of the roof. It is our understanding that implementation of noise control measures is ongoing. The objective of the measurements is to asses the shooting noise with the Municipality of Clarington noise bylaws. In addition, the measurement results are compared with the measurement results in a report prepared by SACL and dated February 14, 2012. The above noise control measures were not implemented at the time of the measurements in 2012. 2. Noise Criteria The municipality noise bylaws and the Ontario Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (MOECC) noise guidelines are compared in the following sections. 2.1. Noise Bylaws Sections related to shooting ranges in the Municipality of Clarington noise bylaws 2007-071 are outlined as follow: Section 3.1 A noise curfew shall apply to the Orono Fish and Hunt Club. The curfew shall be from 9:00 p.m. until 8:00 a.m. the following day (Monday through Saturday), 9:00 p.m. Saturday until 10:00 a.m. Sunday, and 4:00 p.m. Sunday until 8:00 a.m. Monday. Section 3.1.1 During non-curfew times, any noise emanating from the use of a shooting range shall not exceed: Page 2Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com (a) 70 dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation prior to January 1 st 1980; or (b) 50 dBAI at the point of reception for any shooting range which began operation after January 1 st 1980. It is our understanding that Orono Fish and Hunt Club began operation prior to January 1 st 1980; therefore the 70 dBAI sound level limit is applicable. 2.2. NPC-205 and NPC-232 Both MOECC publication NPC-205 “Sound Level Limits for Stationary Sources in Class 1 & 2 Areas (Urban)” and NPC-232 “Sound Level Limits for Stationary Sources in Class 3 areas (Rural)” have the same sound level limits for impulsive noise, including the sound level limits for impulsive sounds from the discharge of firearms on the premises of a licensed gun club. The sound level limit at a point of reception expressed in terms of the Logarithmic Mean Impulse Sound Level (L LM) is: · 70 dBAI if the gun club were operating before January 1, 1980; or · 50 dBAI if the gun club began to operate after January 1, 1980; or · The L Lm prior to expansion, alteration or conversion. The sound level limits in NPC-205 and NPC-232 are similar to those in the Municipality of Clarington noise bylaws except that the sound level limits are expressed in L LM. NPC-205 and NPC-232 were consolidated and replaced by NPC-300 in 2013. 2.3. NPC-300 The MOECC publication NPC-300 dated August 2013 replaced NPC-205 and NPC-232. Sound level limit for impulsive sound from a stationary source at a point of reception, expressed in terms of LLM, is the higher of the applicable exclusion limit value given in Table B-3 or Table B-4, or the background sound level for that point of reception. Page 3Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com The sound level limits for impulsive noise depend on the frequency of the impulses, time of the impulsive noise occurs and the area in which the noise receptors are located. 2.4. Discussion Currently the applicable sound level limit for the Orono Fish and Hunt Club is 70 dBAI according to the noise bylaws presented above. Under the curfew in the noise bylaws, the Orono Fish and Hunt Club can operate until 9:00 p.m on Mondays through Saturdays and until 4:00 p.m. on Sundays. The frequency of discharging firearms in the gun club likely exceeds 9 times in an hour during normal operations. Therefore, the sound level limit according to NPC-300 can range from 50 dBAI during daytime in Class 2 area to 40 dBAI on the plane of windows in Class 3 area during evening. The sound level limits in NPC-300 are significantly more stringent than the current sound level limit in the noise bylaws. Page 4Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com In addition, the sound level limits for impulsive sound in NPC-300 are expressed in terms of the LLM, which is considered the average of multiple impulsive sounds that occur on site. The noise bylaws do not specifically require the assessment on the L LM of multiple impulsive sounds. 3. Measurement Methodology Sound level measurements were conducted during the daytime period on March 23, 2017. The following sections describe the methodology of the measurements. 3.1. Measurement Locations Sound levels were measured at the residential properties near the shooting range, as listed in Table 1. These locations are shown in Figure 1. Table 1: Measurement Locations Address Measurement Location 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 3.2. Types of Firearms The discharge of the following firearms was measured: · Sako 6.5x55 · Lee Enfield 303 British · 375 H&H Magnum · Winchester 20 GA · Winchester 12 GA · 9 mm · 0.38 Special Page 5Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com Some of the firearms were not available during measurement at some of the measurement locations. For each type of firearm fired, two to four shots from the same firearm were measured. Each shot was fired at intervals so that each shot impulse could be measured individually. 3.3. Measurement Parameters The impulse sound levels of the shooting noise were measured in A-weighted decibels and are denoted dBAI. The impulse sound level is the sound level of an impulsive sound as measured with a sound level meter set to impulse response. The ambient sound levels, expressed in Equivalent Sound Level (Leq) were measured at each measurement location over a 5 minute period when no shooting noise was generated. 3.4. Weather Conditions Weather conditions during the sound level measurements are provided in Appendix A. The weather conditions are suitable for outdoor sound level measurements. 3.5. Instrumentation Sound levels were measured using a Brüel and Kjær Hand-held Analyzer Type 2250 (serial number 3007997) with a Brüel and Kjær ½” Prepolarized Condenser Microphone Type 4189 (serial number 2983426). The sound level meter was field-calibrated with a Brüel and Kjær Sound Level Calibrator Type 4230 (serial number 1274906). A wind shield over the microphone was used for all outdoor sound level measurements. Calibration documents for the instrumentation are available upon request. 4. Measurement Results The measurement results are summarised in Table 2. Detailed measurement results are listed in Appendix B. Table 2: Measurement Results Location Firearm Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) Leq (5 min) (dBA) 3282 Concession Rd 7 Sako 6.5x55 52 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Sako 6.5x55 51 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Sako 6.5x55 48 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Lee Enfield 303 British 49 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Lee Enfield 303 British 50 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Lee Enfield 303 British 52 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 375 H&H Magnum 50 - Page 6Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com Location Firearm Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) Leq (5 min) (dBA) 3282 Concession Rd 7 375 H&H Magnum 45 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 375 H&H Magnum 49 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 20 GA 54 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 20 GA 49 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 20 GA 51 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 12 GA 50 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 12 GA 53 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 12 GA 50 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 9 mm 51 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 9 mm 50 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 0.38 Special 54 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 0.38 Special 43 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 0.38 Special 45 - 3282 Concession Rd 7 Ambient - 37 7374 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 52 - 7374 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 52 - 7374 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 54 - 7374 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 54 - 7374 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 54 - 7374 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 54 - 7374 Leskard Rd 375 H&H Magnum 58 - 7374 Leskard Rd 375 H&H Magnum 62 - 7374 Leskard Rd 375 H&H Magnum 59 - 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 46 - 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 54 - 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 45 - 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 50 - Page 7Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com Location Firearm Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) Leq (5 min) (dBA) 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 50 - 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 49 - 7374 Leskard Rd 9 mm 51 - 7374 Leskard Rd 9 mm 53 - 7374 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 48 - 7374 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 45 - 7374 Leskard Rd Ambient - 44 7606 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 55 - 7606 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 58 - 7606 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 54 - 7606 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 53 - 7606 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 55 - 7606 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 57 - 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 51 - 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 52 - 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 51 - 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 66 - 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 66 - 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 69 - 7606 Leskard Rd 9 mm 63 - 7606 Leskard Rd 9 mm 57 - 7606 Leskard Rd 9 mm 58 - 7606 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 51 - 7606 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 51 - 7606 Leskard Rd Ambient - 47 7615 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 69 - 7615 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 68 - Page 8Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com Location Firearm Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) Leq (5 min) (dBA) 7615 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 59 - 7615 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 62 - 7615 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 69 - 7615 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 67 - 7615 Leskard Rd 9 mm 62 - 7615 Leskard Rd 9 mm 72 - 7615 Leskard Rd 9 mm 58 - 7615 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 62 - 7615 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 52 - 7615 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 62 - 7615 Leskard Rd Ambient - 42 7685 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 60 - 7685 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 57 - 7685 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 61 - 7685 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 68 - 7685 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 57 - 7685 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 59 - 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 57 - 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 65 - 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 58 - 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 54 - 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 61 - 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 50 - 7685 Leskard Rd Ambient - 39 7560 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 59 - 7560 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 61 - 7560 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 62 - Page 9Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com Location Firearm Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) Leq (5 min) (dBA) 7560 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 62 - 7560 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 55 - 7560 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 60 - 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 53 - 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 52 - 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 50 - 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 52 - 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 52 - 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 53 - 7560 Leskard Rd Ambient - 41 7506 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 58 - 7506 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 60 - 7506 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 63 - 7506 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 57 - 7506 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 61 - 7506 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 66 - 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 53 - 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 53 - 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 56 - 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 56 - 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 55 - 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 53 - 7506 Leskard Rd Ambient - 51 7580 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 74 - 7580 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 69 - 7580 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 61 - 7580 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 64 - Page 10Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com Location Firearm Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) Leq (5 min) (dBA) 7580 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 60 - 7580 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 60 - 7580 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 61 - 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 61 - 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 53 - 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 54 - 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 61 - 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 70 - 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 64 - 7580 Leskard Rd Ambient - 43 5. Noise Assessment Most of the measured impulsive sound levels are at or below the noise bylaw sound level limit of 70 dBAI except 1 gun shot measured at 72 dBAI at 7615 Leskard Road and one gun shot measured at 74 dBAI at 7580 Leskard Road. 7615 Leskard Road was not a measurement location in 2012. The firing of a Sako 6.5x55 was not measured at 7580 Leskard Road in 2012, However, the discharge of both firearms, Sako 0.458 Magnum rifle and Lee-Endfield 303 British rifle, measured at the same location in 2012 were below 70 dBAI. During the 2012 measurements with the similar types of firearms, the measured sound levels at 7374 Leskard Road and 7606 Leskard Road exceeded 70 dBAI. The measured sound level was as high as 79 dBAI at 7374 Leskard Road and as high as 82 dBAI at 7606 Leskard Road. However, with the implementation of the noise control measures described in Section 1, the measured sound levels are currently below 70 dBAI at these two locations. The measurements were conducted with one firearm fired at a time so that the measurement results in 2012 could be compared directly. The measurements do not reflect the condition of a typical event at the Orono Fish and Hunt Club, when a mixture of several firearms are discharged in an hour, and therefore the L LM of the measured impulsive sounds were not calculated. During an event, the L LM depends on the number of shots with high sound levels and the number of shots with lower sound levels. For example, if only one or two shots that exceed 70 dBAI are fired and many shots that are well below 70 dBAI are fired in an hour, the LLM may meet the 70 dBAI sound level limit. Page 11Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com It is our understanding that complaints have been received from residents that multiple discharge of firearms at the same time resulted in significantly higher sound levels. Such a condition was not measured due to the limited number of firearms available at the time of measurement. 6. Concluding Comments Sound level measurements for the Orono Fish Hunt Club were conducted at 8 residential properties on March 23, 2017. The majority of the measured sound levels meet the noise bylaws sound level limit. Only two gun shots at two locations exceed the sound level limit. In addition, the measurement results indicate that the implemented noise control measures attenuate the shooting noise at the two locations to meet the sound level limit that previously exceeded the limit in 2012. Please do not hesitate to contact us if there are any questions. Yours Truly, Swallow Acoustic Consultants Ltd. Pearlie Yung, M.Sc., P.Eng. Senior Project Engineer Reviewed by Galen Wong, M.A.Sc. Senior Project Director Page 12Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com Figures Page 14Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com Appendices Page 15Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com APPENDIX A – Weather Conditions Home Environment and natural resources Weather, Climate and Hazard Past weather and climate Historical Data Hourly Data Report for March 23, 2017 All times are specified in Local Standard Time (LST). Add 1 hour to adjust for Daylight Saving Time where and when it is observed. OSHAWA ONTARIO Temp °C  Dew Point Temp °C  Rel Hum %  Wind Dir 10's deg Wind Spd km/h  Visibility km  Stn Press kPa  Hmdx Wind Chill Weather TIME 00:00 ‡-7.6 -12.9 66 34 17 16.1 101.68 -14 NA 01:00 ‡-7.9 -12.8 68 M 4 16.1 101.70 -10 NA 02:00 ‡-8.6 -13.2 70 0 16.1 101.70 NA 03:00 ‡-8.7 -12.6 73 25 5 16.1 101.74 -11 NA 04:00 ‡-10.2 -12.9 81 0 16.1 101.76 NA 05:00 ‡-11.5 -13.4 86 0 16.1 101.80 NA 06:00 ‡-12.2 -14.0 87 0 16.1 101.85 NA 07:00 ‡-9.9 -11.5 88 0 16.1 101.90 NA Latitude:43°55'22.000" N Longitude:78°53'00.041" W Elevation:139.90 m Climate ID:6155875 WMO ID:71697 TC ID:YOO Page 1 of 2Hourly Data Report for March 23, 2017 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Ca... 2017/04/28http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/hourly_data_e.html?hlyRange=2010-06-03%7C... Temp °C  Dew Point Temp °C  Rel Hum %  Wind Dir 10's deg Wind Spd km/h  Visibility km  Stn Press kPa  Hmdx Wind Chill Weather 08:00 ‡-5.9 -10.1 73 20 5 16.1 101.92 -8 NA 09:00 ‡-3.3 -9.3 64 22 9 16.1 101.93 -7 NA 10:00 ‡-1.5 -11.2 48 20 11 16.1 101.91 -5 NA 11:00 ‡-1.3 -13.0 41 21 13 16.1 101.88 -6 NA 12:00 ‡-0.5 -10.8 46 20 15 16.1 101.83 -5 NA 13:00 ‡-0.4 -12.0 42 16 17 16.1 101.75 -5 NA 14:00 ‡0.2 -14.2 33 18 17 16.1 101.66 NA 15:00 ‡0.5 -16.6 27 17 13 16.1 101.58 NA 16:00 ‡1.0 -14.7 30 20 13 16.1 101.46 NA 17:00 ‡1.1 -10.8 41 20 15 16.1 101.41 NA 18:00 ‡0.3 -10.1 46 19 9 16.1 101.42 NA 19:00 ‡-0.9 -9.4 53 11 11 16.1 101.34 -5 NA 20:00 ‡-0.7 -8.9 54 11 9 16.1 101.33 -4 NA 21:00 ‡-0.5 -7.3 60 11 15 16.1 101.22 -5 NA 22:00 ‡0.0 -6.0 64 11 18 16.1 101.03 -5 NA 23:00 ‡0.9 -5.0 65 11 18 16.1 100.94 NA Legend • E = Estimated • M = Missing • NA = Not Available • ‡ = Partner data that is not subject to review by the National Climate Archives Date modified: 2016-08-09 Page 2 of 2Hourly Data Report for March 23, 2017 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Ca... 2017/04/28http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/hourly_data_e.html?hlyRange=2010-06-03%7C... Page 16Orono Fish and Hunt Club SACL Project #B6-611 April 28, 2017 SWALLOW ACOUSTIC CONSULTANTS LTD. Toronto: 366 Revus Ave., Unit 23 Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5G 4S5, 905-271-7888 Ottawa: 116 Albert Street, 3rd Floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1P 5G3, 613-565-1800 acoustic@thorntontomasetti.com www.thorntontomasetti.com APPENDIX B – Measurement Results Location Firearm Project Name Start Time Elapsed Time LAImax Leq (dBA) Notes 3282 Concession Rd 7 Sako 6.5x55 170323 001 2017/03/23 9:51 00:00:05 52.2 3282 Concession Rd 7 Sako 6.5x55 170323 002 2017/03/23 9:55 00:00:03 50.7 3282 Concession Rd 7 Sako 6.5x55 170323 003 2017/03/23 9:56 00:00:04 48.3 3282 Concession Rd 7 Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 004 2017/03/23 9:59 00:00:03 48.7 3282 Concession Rd 7 Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 005 2017/03/23 10:00 00:00:08 50.1 3282 Concession Rd 7 Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 006 2017/03/23 10:01 00:00:07 51.8 3282 Concession Rd 7 375 H&H Magnum 170323 007 2017/03/23 10:04 00:00:12 50.1 3282 Concession Rd 7 375 H&H Magnum 170323 008 2017/03/23 10:04 00:00:10 45.1 3282 Concession Rd 7 375 H&H Magnum 170323 009 2017/03/23 10:05 00:00:11 49.0 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 20 GA 170323 010 2017/03/23 10:07 00:00:12 53.5 Result could be affected by birds 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 20 GA 170323 011 2017/03/23 10:08 00:00:10 49.2 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 20 GA 170323 012 2017/03/23 10:09 00:00:07 51.2 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 12 GA 170323 013 2017/03/23 10:11 00:00:11 49.9 Similar level as bird chirping nearby 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 12 GA 170323 014 2017/03/23 10:13 00:00:11 52.8 3282 Concession Rd 7 Winchester 12 GA 170323 015 2017/03/23 10:13 00:00:10 50.0 Slightly higher than truck at a distance 3282 Concession Rd 7 9 mm 170323 016 2017/03/23 10:15 00:00:14 51.3 3282 Concession Rd 7 9 mm 170323 017 2017/03/23 10:16 00:00:11 50.5 3282 Concession Rd 7 0.38 Special 170323 018 2017/03/23 10:19 00:00:09 54.3 3282 Concession Rd 7 0.38 Special 170323 019 2017/03/23 10:20 00:00:05 43.4 3282 Concession Rd 7 0.38 Special 170323 021 2017/03/23 10:24 00:00:10 45.0 3282 Concession Rd 7 aircraft 170323 020 2017/03/23 10:22 00:00:27 72.6 Aircraft fly by, no shooting noise 3282 Concession Rd 7 Ambient 170323 022 2017/03/23 10:25 00:05:01 37.3 birds, cars 7374 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 023 2017/03/23 10:49 00:00:08 51.8 clearly audible, low frequency 7374 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 024 2017/03/23 10:50 00:00:12 52.0 7374 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 025 2017/03/23 10:51 00:00:12 54.3 7374 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 026 2017/03/23 10:52 00:00:13 53.6 7374 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 027 2017/03/23 10:52 00:00:13 54.0 7374 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 028 2017/03/23 10:53 00:00:12 53.7 7374 Leskard Rd 375 H&H Magnum 170323 029 2017/03/23 10:54 00:00:23 58.0 7374 Leskard Rd 375 H&H Magnum 170323 030 2017/03/23 10:55 00:00:13 61.9 7374 Leskard Rd 375 H&H Magnum 170323 031 2017/03/23 10:55 00:00:12 59.0 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 032 2017/03/23 10:57 00:00:13 46.2 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 033 2017/03/23 10:58 00:00:11 54.0 mostly ambient sound 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 034 2017/03/23 11:00 00:00:12 45.5 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 035 2017/03/23 11:01 00:00:12 49.7 influenced by bird 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 036 2017/03/23 11:01 00:00:12 49.8 7374 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 037 2017/03/23 11:02 00:00:12 49.3 7374 Leskard Rd 9 mm 170323 038 2017/03/23 11:06 00:00:12 50.6 high frequency content 7374 Leskard Rd 9 mm 170323 039 2017/03/23 11:06 00:00:14 53.2 high frequency content 7374 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 170323 040 2017/03/23 11:07 00:00:11 47.8 7374 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 170323 041 2017/03/23 11:08 00:00:13 44.9 Location Firearm Project Name Start Time Elapsed Time LAImax Leq (dBA) Notes 7374 Leskard Rd Ambient 170323 042 2017/03/23 11:10 00:05:01 43.8 cars, birds, distant aircraft, loud bird 7606 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 043 2017/03/23 11:32 00:00:12 55.2 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 044 2017/03/23 11:33 00:00:13 57.8 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 045 2017/03/23 11:33 00:00:08 53.7 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 046 2017/03/23 11:35 00:00:13 53.3 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 047 2017/03/23 11:35 00:00:12 55.4 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 048 2017/03/23 11:36 00:00:12 56.6 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 049 2017/03/23 11:37 00:00:12 51.3 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 050 2017/03/23 11:38 00:00:12 51.8 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 051 2017/03/23 11:39 00:00:13 51.0 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 052 2017/03/23 11:40 00:00:13 66.4 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 053 2017/03/23 11:41 00:00:12 65.9 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 054 2017/03/23 11:41 00:00:12 69.1 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd 9 mm 170323 055 2017/03/23 11:43 00:00:16 63.2 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd 9 mm 170323 056 2017/03/23 11:44 00:00:11 57.1 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd 9 mm 170323 057 2017/03/23 11:45 00:00:09 57.8 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 170323 058 2017/03/23 11:46 00:00:10 51.1 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 170323 059 2017/03/23 11:46 00:00:11 51.4 Constant water noise from the creek adjacent to property. 7606 Leskard Rd Ambient 170323 060 2017/03/23 11:47 00:05:17 46.8 Ambient sound level dominated by water noise. 7615 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 061 2017/03/23 12:06 00:00:13 69.2 7615 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 062 2017/03/23 12:06 00:00:13 68.5 7615 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 063 2017/03/23 12:07 00:00:13 59.4 7615 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 064 2017/03/23 12:07 00:00:13 62.4 7615 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 065 2017/03/23 12:08 00:00:12 69.5 7615 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 066 2017/03/23 12:09 00:00:12 66.9 7615 Leskard Rd 9 mm 170323 067 2017/03/23 12:11 00:00:14 62.1 7615 Leskard Rd 9 mm 170323 068 2017/03/23 12:12 00:00:13 72.3 7615 Leskard Rd 9 mm 170323 069 2017/03/23 12:13 00:00:13 57.6 7615 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 170323 070 2017/03/23 12:16 00:00:13 61.6 7615 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 170323 071 2017/03/23 12:17 00:00:10 52.4 7615 Leskard Rd 0.38 Special 170323 072 2017/03/23 12:18 00:00:12 61.9 7615 Leskard Rd Ambient 170323 073 2017/03/23 12:19 00:05:07 42.5 birds, rooster, cars 7685 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 074 2017/03/23 13:51 00:00:06 60.4 7685 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 075 2017/03/23 13:52 00:00:11 56.6 7685 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 076 2017/03/23 13:53 00:00:13 61.1 7685 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 077 2017/03/23 13:58 00:00:10 67.5 7685 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 078 2017/03/23 13:59 00:00:12 57.4 7685 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 079 2017/03/23 14:00 00:00:11 58.5 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 080 2017/03/23 14:01 00:00:13 57.3 Location Firearm Project Name Start Time Elapsed Time LAImax Leq (dBA) Notes 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 081 2017/03/23 14:01 00:00:11 65.0 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 082 2017/03/23 14:02 00:00:11 58.5 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 083 2017/03/23 14:03 00:00:13 54.4 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 084 2017/03/23 14:04 00:00:12 61.5 7685 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 085 2017/03/23 14:04 00:00:09 50.1 7685 Leskard Rd Ambient 170323 086 2017/03/23 14:07 00:05:02 38.8 wildlife, cars 7560 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 087 2017/03/23 14:24 00:00:10 59.3 Some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 088 2017/03/23 14:25 00:00:11 61.5 Some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 089 2017/03/23 14:26 00:00:12 61.8 Some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 090 2017/03/23 14:27 00:00:13 61.6 Some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 091 2017/03/23 14:28 00:00:10 55.1 Some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 092 2017/03/23 14:29 00:00:19 60.4 Some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 093 2017/03/23 14:31 00:00:13 53.1 same as ambient in dBAI, some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 094 2017/03/23 14:32 00:00:10 52.4 Some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 095 2017/03/23 14:32 00:00:15 50.2 Some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 096 2017/03/23 14:34 00:00:11 51.9 Some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 097 2017/03/23 14:34 00:00:13 52.0 Some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 098 2017/03/23 14:35 00:00:10 53.3 Some water noise from nearby creek 7560 Leskard Rd Ambient 170323 099 2017/03/23 14:35 00:05:01 41.3 water noise, car 7506 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 100 2017/03/23 14:53 00:00:10 58.1 Constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 101 2017/03/23 14:53 00:00:09 60.2 Constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 102 2017/03/23 14:54 00:00:10 63.0 Constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 103 2017/03/23 14:54 00:00:10 57.3 Constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 104 2017/03/23 14:56 00:00:10 61.2 Constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 105 2017/03/23 14:57 00:00:10 65.8 Constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 106 2017/03/23 14:58 00:00:10 52.6 Constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 107 2017/03/23 14:59 00:00:11 53.3 Slightly over ambient; constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 108 2017/03/23 14:59 00:00:11 55.9 Slightly over ambient; constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 109 2017/03/23 15:00 00:00:11 55.5 Constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 110 2017/03/23 15:01 00:00:11 54.6 Constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 111 2017/03/23 15:01 00:00:09 52.8 Slightly over ambient; constant water noise from creek in property 7506 Leskard Rd Ambient 170323 112 2017/03/23 15:03 00:05:02 50.7 Water noise, dog barking, car 7580 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 113 2017/03/23 15:20 00:00:11 74.4 7580 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 114 2017/03/23 15:21 00:00:10 69.1 7580 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 115 2017/03/23 15:22 00:00:11 60.8 7580 Leskard Rd Sako 6.5x55 170323 116 2017/03/23 15:22 00:00:27 63.7 7580 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 117 2017/03/23 15:24 00:00:12 60.3 7580 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 118 2017/03/23 15:24 00:00:10 59.6 7580 Leskard Rd Lee Enfield 303 British 170323 119 2017/03/23 15:25 00:00:12 60.5 Location Firearm Project Name Start Time Elapsed Time LAImax Leq (dBA) Notes 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 120 2017/03/23 15:26 00:00:11 61.4 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 121 2017/03/23 15:27 00:00:11 53.2 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 20 GA 170323 122 2017/03/23 15:27 00:00:11 54.3 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 123 2017/03/23 15:28 00:00:12 61.0 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 124 2017/03/23 15:29 00:00:12 69.7 7580 Leskard Rd Winchester 12 GA 170323 125 2017/03/23 15:29 00:00:11 64.2 7580 Leskard Rd Ambient 170323 126 2017/03/23 15:31 00:05:02 42.8 cars Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Measurement Locations Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 52 Sako 6.5x55 57.2 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 51 Sako 6.5x55 62.7 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 48 Sako 6.5x55 63.0 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 49 Lee-Enfield 303 British Rifle 48.7 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 50 Lee-Enfield 303 British Rifle 50.1 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 52 Lee-Enfield 303 British Rifle 55.4 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 375 H&H Magnum 50 Sako .458 Magnum Rifle 59.0 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 375 H&H Magnum 45 Sako .458 Magnum Rifle 56.8 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 375 H&H Magnum 49 Sako .458 Magnum Rifle 52.0 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Not tested in 2017 Sako .458 Magnum Rifle 51.4 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako .458 Magnum Rifle 51.4 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako .458 Magnum Rifle 51.1 Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 54 Winchester 20 GA 42.6 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 49 Winchester 20 GA 51.1 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 51 Winchester 20 GA 43.0 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 50 Winchester 12 GA 52.9 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 53 Winchester 12 GA 42.6 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 50 Winchester 12 GA 60.3 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 9 mm 51 Not tested in 2012 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 9 mm 50 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 0.38 Special 54 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 0.38 Special 43 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 0.38 Special 45 3282 Concession Road 7 Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Ambient - Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Sako 6.5x55 52 Guns Fired out of Order 79.3 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Sako 6.5x55 52 Guns Fired out of Order 77 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Sako 6.5x55 54 74.8 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Lee Enfield 303 British 54 74.6 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Lee Enfield 303 British 54 71.9 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Lee Enfield 303 British 54 71.2 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. 375 H&H Magnum 58 71.1 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. 375 H&H Magnum 62 71.1 Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. 375 H&H Magnum 59 70.2 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Winchester 20 GA 46 69.9 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Winchester 20 GA 54 Guns Fired out of Order 66.8 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Winchester 20 GA 45 63.8 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Winchester 12 GA 50 63.5 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Winchester 12 GA 50 61.4 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Winchester 12 GA 49 59.5 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. 59.2 Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. 9 mm 51 Not tested in 2012 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. 9 mm 53 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. 0.38 Special 48 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. 0.38 Special 45 Not tested in 2012 7374 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house, beside the pond. Ambient - 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 55 Sako 6.5x55 Rifle 74.6 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 58 Sako 6.5x55 Rifle 74.6 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 54 Sako 6.5x55 Rifle 75.4 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 53 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 76.9 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 55 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 73.8 Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 57 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 76.1 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 51 Winchester 20 GA 69.9 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 52 Winchester 20 GA 63.5 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 51 Winchester 20 GA 70.0 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 66 Winchester 12 GA 67.8 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 66 Winchester 12 GA 66.5 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 69 Winchester 12 GA 67.7 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Not tested in 2017 SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 79.9 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 81.7 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 80.5 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 9 mm 63 Not tested in 2012 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 9 mm 57 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 9 mm 58 Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 0.38 Special 51 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. 0.38 Special 51 7606 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Ambient - 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 69 Not Tested in 2012 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 68 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 59 Not tested in 2012 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 62 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 69 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 67 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. 9 mm 62 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. 9 mm 72 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. 9 mm 58 Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. 0.38 Special 62 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. 0.38 Special 52 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. 0.38 Special 62 7615 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 25 m from the house. Ambient - 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 60 Not tested in 2012 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 57 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 61 Not tested in 2012 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 68 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 62.2 (traffic noise audible) 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 57 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 56.0 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 59 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 52.6 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Not tested in 2017 SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 57.8 Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 57.5 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 57.6 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 57 Not tested in 2012 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 65 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 58 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 54 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 61 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 50 7685 Leskard Road Front yard, approximately 30 m from the house. Ambient - Not tested in 2012 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 59 Not tested in 2012 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 61 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 62 Not Tested in 2012 Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 62 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 59.5 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 55 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 64.0 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 60 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 62.8 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Not tested in 2017 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 64.2 * top of slope 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 66.6 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 62.3 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 66.6 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 67.9 * top of slope 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 53 Not tested in 2012 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 52 Not tested in 2012 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 50 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 52 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 52 Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 7560 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 53 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 58 SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 60.0 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 60 SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 59.7 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 63 SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 59.5 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Not tested in 2017 SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 67.7* top of slope 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 68.3* top of slope 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 66.3* top of slope 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 57 Not tested in 2012 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 61 Not tested in 2012 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 66 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 53 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 53 Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 56 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 56 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 55 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 53 7506 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 13 m from the house. Ambient - 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 74 Not tested in 2012 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 63.2 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 66.4 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. SAKO .458 Magnum Rifle 64.0 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 69 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 61 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Sako 6.5x55 64 Attachment 10 to Report CLD-014-17 Address Measurement Location 2017 Firearm Tested 2017 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 2012 Firearm Tested 2012 Impulse Sound Level (dBAI) 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 60 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 55.4 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 60 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 56.0 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Lee Enfield 303 British 61 Lee Enfield 303 British Rifle 55.3 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 61 Not tested in 2012 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 53 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 20 GA 54 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 61 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 70 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Winchester 12 GA 64 7580 Leskard Road Backyard, approximately 30 m from the house. Ambient - Attachment 11 to Report CLD-014-17 October 22, 2016 Test Results Summarized in Logarithmic Mean Summary Measurement Location LLM 3282 Concession Rd 7 51 dBAI 7374 Leskard Rd 51 dBAI 7606 Leskard Rd 54 dBAI 7615 Leskard Rd 66 dBAI 7685 Leskard Rd 61 dBAI 7560 Leskard Rd 58 dBAI 7506 Leskard Rd 60 dBAI 7580 Leskard Rd 66 dBAI